Initial impacts of Microcystis aeruginosa blooms on the aquatic food web in the San Francisco Estuary

The impact of the toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa on estuarine food web production in San Francisco Estuary is unknown. It is hypothesized that Microcystis contributed to a recent decline in pelagic organisms directly through its toxicity or indirectly through its impact on the food web...

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Veröffentlicht in:Hydrobiologia 2010, Vol.637 (1), p.229-248
Hauptverfasser: Lehman, P. W, Teh, S. J, Boyer, G. L, Nobriga, M. L, Bass, E, Hogle, C
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creator Lehman, P. W
Teh, S. J
Boyer, G. L
Nobriga, M. L
Bass, E
Hogle, C
description The impact of the toxic cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa on estuarine food web production in San Francisco Estuary is unknown. It is hypothesized that Microcystis contributed to a recent decline in pelagic organisms directly through its toxicity or indirectly through its impact on the food web after 1999. In order to evaluate this hypothesis, phytoplankton, cyanobacteria, zooplankton, and fish were collected biweekly at stations throughout the estuary in 2005. Concentrations of the tumor-promoting Microcystis toxin, microcystin, were measured in water, plankton, zooplankton, and fish by a protein phosphatase inhibition assay, and fish health was assessed by histopathology. Microcystis abundance was elevated in the surface layer of the western and central delta and reached a maximum of 32 × 10⁹ cells l⁻¹ at Old River in August. Its distribution across the estuary was correlated with a suite of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria species in the surface layer and 1 m depth including Aphanizomenon spp., Aulacoseira granulata, Bacillaria paradoxa, Rhodomonas spp., and Cryptomonas spp. Shifts in the phytoplankton community composition coincided with a decrease in the percentage of diatom and green algal carbon and increase in the percentage of cryptophyte carbon at 1 m depth. Maximum calanoid and cyclopoid copepod carbon coincided with elevated Microcystis abundance, but it was accompanied by a low cladocera to calanoid copepod ratio. Total microcystins were present at all levels of the food web and the greater total microcystins concentration in striped bass than their prey suggested toxins accumulated at higher trophic levels. Histopathology of fish liver tissue suggested the health of two common fish in the estuary, striped bass (Morone saxatilis), and Mississippi silversides (Menidia audens), was impacted by tumor-promoting substances, particularly at stations where total microcystins concentration was elevated. This study suggests that even at low abundance, Microcystis may impact estuarine fishery production through toxic and food web impacts at multiple trophic levels.
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Histopathology of fish liver tissue suggested the health of two common fish in the estuary, striped bass (Morone saxatilis), and Mississippi silversides (Menidia audens), was impacted by tumor-promoting substances, particularly at stations where total microcystins concentration was elevated. 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Total microcystins were present at all levels of the food web and the greater total microcystins concentration in striped bass than their prey suggested toxins accumulated at higher trophic levels. Histopathology of fish liver tissue suggested the health of two common fish in the estuary, striped bass (Morone saxatilis), and Mississippi silversides (Menidia audens), was impacted by tumor-promoting substances, particularly at stations where total microcystins concentration was elevated. 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subjects Animal and plant ecology
Animal tissues
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Aphanizomenon
Aquatic plants
Aulacoseira granulata
Bacillaria paradoxa
Bacillariophyceae
Bacteria
Biological and medical sciences
Brackish
Brackish water ecosystems
Carbon
Cladocera
Community composition
Copepoda
Cryptomonas
Cyanobacteria
Estuaries
Estuarine fisheries
Fish
Food
Food chains
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Histopathology
Marine biology
Menidia audens
Microcystins
Microcystis
Microcystis aeruginosa
Morone saxatilis
Peptides
Phytoplankton
Plankton
Rhodomonas
Synecology
Toxicity
Toxins
Trophic levels
Zooplankton
title Initial impacts of Microcystis aeruginosa blooms on the aquatic food web in the San Francisco Estuary
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