Exposure to low environmental levels of benzene: Evaluation of micronucleus frequencies and S-phenylmercapturic acid excretion in relation to polymorphisms in genes encoding metabolic enzymes
An integrated approach based on environmental and biological monitoring, including the analysis of biomarkers of exposure [excretion of S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA)], early biological effects [micronucleus (MN) frequency] and susceptibility (genetic polymorphisms), was applied to characterize be...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Mutation research 2011-02, Vol.719 (1-2), p.7-13 |
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| creator | Angelini, Sabrina Kumar, Rajiv Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo Maffei, Francesca Barbieri, Anna Graziosi, Francesca Carbone, Fabio Cantelli-Forti, Giorgio Violante, Francesco Saverio Hemminki, Kari Hrelia, Patrizia |
| description | An integrated approach based on environmental and biological monitoring, including the analysis of biomarkers of exposure [excretion of S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA)], early biological effects [micronucleus (MN) frequency] and susceptibility (genetic polymorphisms), was applied to characterize benzene exposure in a group of 70 traffic policemen and 40 employees of the city of Bologna, Italy. Median personal benzene exposure was 6.55-fold higher for traffic policemen than for controls (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.10.002 |
| format | Article |
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Even though there are some limitations in the study, our results indicate that policemen are exposed to higher levels of benzene than individuals spending most of the time indoors. This higher exposure may contribute to DNA damage, suggesting an increase health risk from traffic benzene emission. Finally, a more comprehensive study is warranted in order to better elucidate the involvement of EPHX1 genotypes combination in benzene genotoxicity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1383-5718</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 0027-5107</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-3592</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.10.002</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20951227</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Amsterdam: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Acetylcysteine - analogs & derivatives ; Acetylcysteine - urine ; Adult ; Benzene ; Benzene - analysis ; Benzene - poisoning ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomarkers ; Comparative analysis ; DNA damage ; Environmental Pollutants - analysis ; Environmental Pollutants - poisoning ; Enzymes ; Epoxide Hydrolases - genetics ; Epoxide Hydrolases - metabolism ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Genetic polymorphisms ; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution ; Genotype ; Genotype & phenotype ; Glutathione Transferase - genetics ; Human exposure ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons ; Italy ; Linear Models ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Micronuclei ; Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective - chemically induced ; Micronucleus Tests - statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Occupational Exposure - analysis ; Police ; Polymorphism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Assessment - methods ; Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; S-PMA ; Sex Factors ; Toxicology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Mutation research, 2011-02, Vol.719 (1-2), p.7-13</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright Elsevier BV Feb 3, 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-89cce390984f31b1b2d2c7aedea6f9ce5ada5e32b8da85351fa751c275a797d03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-89cce390984f31b1b2d2c7aedea6f9ce5ada5e32b8da85351fa751c275a797d03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.10.002$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27923,27924,45994</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23753348$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20951227$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Angelini, Sabrina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Rajiv</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maffei, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbieri, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graziosi, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carbone, Fabio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cantelli-Forti, Giorgio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Violante, Francesco Saverio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hemminki, Kari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hrelia, Patrizia</creatorcontrib><title>Exposure to low environmental levels of benzene: Evaluation of micronucleus frequencies and S-phenylmercapturic acid excretion in relation to polymorphisms in genes encoding metabolic enzymes</title><title>Mutation research</title><addtitle>Mutat Res</addtitle><description>An integrated approach based on environmental and biological monitoring, including the analysis of biomarkers of exposure [excretion of S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA)], early biological effects [micronucleus (MN) frequency] and susceptibility (genetic polymorphisms), was applied to characterize benzene exposure in a group of 70 traffic policemen and 40 employees of the city of Bologna, Italy. Median personal benzene exposure was 6.55-fold higher for traffic policemen than for controls (P<0.0001). This higher exposure was confirmed by a significant, 2.53-fold higher S-PMA excretion in traffic policemen compared with that observed for indoor workers (P<0.0001). Median MN frequency was also significantly higher in policemen compared with indoor workers (P=0.001), emphasizing the genotoxic effect potentially associated with benzene exposure. With regard to biomarkers of susceptibility, the analysis revealed that high epoxide hydrolase (mEH) (predicted) enzyme activity was significantly correlated with a lower median MN frequency (P=0.003). A gene–gender interaction was observed for the glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) genotype. The GSTM1-null genotype was associated with a significantly higher median MN frequency in men, not in women. Statistical analysis did not reveal any association between the presence of the protective allele, pushing the pathway towards benzene detoxification, and MN frequency or S-PMA excretion.
Even though there are some limitations in the study, our results indicate that policemen are exposed to higher levels of benzene than individuals spending most of the time indoors. This higher exposure may contribute to DNA damage, suggesting an increase health risk from traffic benzene emission. Finally, a more comprehensive study is warranted in order to better elucidate the involvement of EPHX1 genotypes combination in benzene genotoxicity.</description><subject>Acetylcysteine - analogs & derivatives</subject><subject>Acetylcysteine - urine</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Benzene</subject><subject>Benzene - analysis</subject><subject>Benzene - poisoning</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomarkers</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>DNA damage</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Pollutants - poisoning</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Epoxide Hydrolases - genetics</subject><subject>Epoxide Hydrolases - metabolism</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Genetic polymorphisms</subject><subject>Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotype & phenotype</subject><subject>Glutathione Transferase - genetics</subject><subject>Human exposure</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrocarbons</subject><subject>Italy</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Micronuclei</subject><subject>Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective - chemically induced</subject><subject>Micronucleus Tests - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Police</subject><subject>Polymorphism</subject><subject>Polymorphism, Genetic</subject><subject>Risk Assessment - methods</subject><subject>Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>S-PMA</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1383-5718</issn><issn>0027-5107</issn><issn>1879-3592</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFks1u1DAQgCMEoqXwCpWFhDhl8c86cTiBquVHqsQBOEeOPWm9cuxgJ8suL8erMeluQeLSk63xN59mPFMUl4yuGGXVm-1qSDcQprhfcXoXXFHKHxXnTNVNKWTDH-NdKFHKmqmz4lnOWwSooOppccZpIxnn9Xnxe7MfY54TkCkSH38SCDuXYhjQrT3xsAOfSexJB-EXBHhLNjvtZz25GJbw4AzSs_EwZ9In-DFDMA4y0cGSr-V4C-HgB0hGj9OcnCHaOEtgbxLcKVwgCfxRhxWM0R-GmMZbl4e8PGKPKENntC7ckAEm3UWPHiznMEB-Xjzptc_w4nReFN8_bL5dfSqvv3z8fPX-ujRrWU2laowB0dBGrXvBOtZxy02twYKu-saA1FZLELxTVispJOt1LZnhtdR1U1sqLorXR--YIvaYp3Zw2YD3OkCcc6sqKpRkSjxMciabek0Zki__I7dxTgHbWHRSVZXgCFVHCP855wR9OyY36HRoGW2XVWi37f0qtMsqLHGcNCZenuxzN4D9m3Y_ewRenQCdjfZ90ji5_I8TtRRirZB7d-RwE2DnILUZJxwMWJfATK2N7qFa_gA3k9u8</recordid><startdate>20110203</startdate><enddate>20110203</enddate><creator>Angelini, Sabrina</creator><creator>Kumar, Rajiv</creator><creator>Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo</creator><creator>Maffei, Francesca</creator><creator>Barbieri, Anna</creator><creator>Graziosi, Francesca</creator><creator>Carbone, Fabio</creator><creator>Cantelli-Forti, Giorgio</creator><creator>Violante, Francesco Saverio</creator><creator>Hemminki, Kari</creator><creator>Hrelia, Patrizia</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U2</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110203</creationdate><title>Exposure to low environmental levels of benzene: Evaluation of micronucleus frequencies and S-phenylmercapturic acid excretion in relation to polymorphisms in genes encoding metabolic enzymes</title><author>Angelini, Sabrina ; Kumar, Rajiv ; Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo ; Maffei, Francesca ; Barbieri, Anna ; Graziosi, Francesca ; Carbone, Fabio ; Cantelli-Forti, Giorgio ; Violante, Francesco Saverio ; Hemminki, Kari ; Hrelia, Patrizia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c456t-89cce390984f31b1b2d2c7aedea6f9ce5ada5e32b8da85351fa751c275a797d03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Acetylcysteine - analogs & derivatives</topic><topic>Acetylcysteine - urine</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Benzene</topic><topic>Benzene - analysis</topic><topic>Benzene - poisoning</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomarkers</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>DNA damage</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - poisoning</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Epoxide Hydrolases - genetics</topic><topic>Epoxide Hydrolases - metabolism</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Genetic polymorphisms</topic><topic>Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Genotype & phenotype</topic><topic>Glutathione Transferase - genetics</topic><topic>Human exposure</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrocarbons</topic><topic>Italy</topic><topic>Linear Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Micronuclei</topic><topic>Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective - chemically induced</topic><topic>Micronucleus Tests - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure - adverse effects</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Police</topic><topic>Polymorphism</topic><topic>Polymorphism, Genetic</topic><topic>Risk Assessment - methods</topic><topic>Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>S-PMA</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Angelini, Sabrina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kumar, Rajiv</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maffei, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barbieri, Anna</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graziosi, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carbone, Fabio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cantelli-Forti, Giorgio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Violante, Francesco Saverio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hemminki, Kari</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hrelia, Patrizia</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><jtitle>Mutation research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Angelini, Sabrina</au><au>Kumar, Rajiv</au><au>Bermejo, Justo Lorenzo</au><au>Maffei, Francesca</au><au>Barbieri, Anna</au><au>Graziosi, Francesca</au><au>Carbone, Fabio</au><au>Cantelli-Forti, Giorgio</au><au>Violante, Francesco Saverio</au><au>Hemminki, Kari</au><au>Hrelia, Patrizia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exposure to low environmental levels of benzene: Evaluation of micronucleus frequencies and S-phenylmercapturic acid excretion in relation to polymorphisms in genes encoding metabolic enzymes</atitle><jtitle>Mutation research</jtitle><addtitle>Mutat Res</addtitle><date>2011-02-03</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>719</volume><issue>1-2</issue><spage>7</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>7-13</pages><issn>1383-5718</issn><issn>0027-5107</issn><eissn>1879-3592</eissn><abstract>An integrated approach based on environmental and biological monitoring, including the analysis of biomarkers of exposure [excretion of S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA)], early biological effects [micronucleus (MN) frequency] and susceptibility (genetic polymorphisms), was applied to characterize benzene exposure in a group of 70 traffic policemen and 40 employees of the city of Bologna, Italy. Median personal benzene exposure was 6.55-fold higher for traffic policemen than for controls (P<0.0001). This higher exposure was confirmed by a significant, 2.53-fold higher S-PMA excretion in traffic policemen compared with that observed for indoor workers (P<0.0001). Median MN frequency was also significantly higher in policemen compared with indoor workers (P=0.001), emphasizing the genotoxic effect potentially associated with benzene exposure. With regard to biomarkers of susceptibility, the analysis revealed that high epoxide hydrolase (mEH) (predicted) enzyme activity was significantly correlated with a lower median MN frequency (P=0.003). A gene–gender interaction was observed for the glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) genotype. The GSTM1-null genotype was associated with a significantly higher median MN frequency in men, not in women. Statistical analysis did not reveal any association between the presence of the protective allele, pushing the pathway towards benzene detoxification, and MN frequency or S-PMA excretion.
Even though there are some limitations in the study, our results indicate that policemen are exposed to higher levels of benzene than individuals spending most of the time indoors. This higher exposure may contribute to DNA damage, suggesting an increase health risk from traffic benzene emission. Finally, a more comprehensive study is warranted in order to better elucidate the involvement of EPHX1 genotypes combination in benzene genotoxicity.</abstract><cop>Amsterdam</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>20951227</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.10.002</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1383-5718 |
| ispartof | Mutation research, 2011-02, Vol.719 (1-2), p.7-13 |
| issn | 1383-5718 0027-5107 1879-3592 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_860385183 |
| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Acetylcysteine - analogs & derivatives Acetylcysteine - urine Adult Benzene Benzene - analysis Benzene - poisoning Biological and medical sciences Biomarkers Comparative analysis DNA damage Environmental Pollutants - analysis Environmental Pollutants - poisoning Enzymes Epoxide Hydrolases - genetics Epoxide Hydrolases - metabolism Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genetic polymorphisms Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution Genotype Genotype & phenotype Glutathione Transferase - genetics Human exposure Humans Hydrocarbons Italy Linear Models Male Medical sciences Micronuclei Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective - chemically induced Micronucleus Tests - statistics & numerical data Middle Aged Occupational Exposure - adverse effects Occupational Exposure - analysis Police Polymorphism Polymorphism, Genetic Risk Assessment - methods Risk Assessment - statistics & numerical data Risk Factors S-PMA Sex Factors Toxicology Young Adult |
| title | Exposure to low environmental levels of benzene: Evaluation of micronucleus frequencies and S-phenylmercapturic acid excretion in relation to polymorphisms in genes encoding metabolic enzymes |
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