Silencing of Host Basal Defense Response-Related Gene Expression Increases Susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is an actinomycete, causing bacterial wilt and canker disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to identify genes playing a role in host basal defense response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis infectio...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Phytopathology 2011-03, Vol.101 (3), p.349-357 |
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| creator | Balaji, Vasudevan Sessa, Guido Smart, Christine D |
| description | Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is an actinomycete, causing bacterial wilt and canker disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to identify genes playing a role in host basal defense response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis infection using Nicotiana benthamiana as a model plant. A preliminary VIGS screen comprising 160 genes from tomato known to be involved in defense-related signaling identified a set of 14 genes whose suppression led to altered host-pathogen interactions. Expression of each of these genes and three additional targets was then suppressed in larger-scale VIGS experiments and the effect of silencing on development of wilt disease symptoms and bacterial growth during an N. benthamiana-C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis compatible interaction was determined. Disease susceptibility and in planta bacterial population size were enhanced by silencing genes encoding N. benthamiana homologs of ubiquitin activating enzyme, snakin-2, extensin-like protein, divinyl ether synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 2, and Pto-like kinase. The identification of genes having a role in the host basal defense-response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis advances our understanding of the plant responses activated by C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and raises possibilities for devising novel and effective molecular strategies to control bacterial canker and wilt in tomato. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1094/PHYTO-05-10-0132 |
| format | Article |
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Michiganensis</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>American Phytopathological Society Journal Back Issues</source><creator>Balaji, Vasudevan ; Sessa, Guido ; Smart, Christine D</creator><creatorcontrib>Balaji, Vasudevan ; Sessa, Guido ; Smart, Christine D</creatorcontrib><description>Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is an actinomycete, causing bacterial wilt and canker disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to identify genes playing a role in host basal defense response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis infection using Nicotiana benthamiana as a model plant. A preliminary VIGS screen comprising 160 genes from tomato known to be involved in defense-related signaling identified a set of 14 genes whose suppression led to altered host-pathogen interactions. Expression of each of these genes and three additional targets was then suppressed in larger-scale VIGS experiments and the effect of silencing on development of wilt disease symptoms and bacterial growth during an N. benthamiana-C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis compatible interaction was determined. Disease susceptibility and in planta bacterial population size were enhanced by silencing genes encoding N. benthamiana homologs of ubiquitin activating enzyme, snakin-2, extensin-like protein, divinyl ether synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 2, and Pto-like kinase. The identification of genes having a role in the host basal defense-response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis advances our understanding of the plant responses activated by C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and raises possibilities for devising novel and effective molecular strategies to control bacterial canker and wilt in tomato.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-949X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-7684</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1094/PHYTO-05-10-0132</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21062112</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PHYTAJ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>St. Paul, MN: American Phytopathological Society</publisher><subject>Actinomycetales - genetics ; Actinomycetales - growth & development ; Actinomycetales - pathogenicity ; Actinomycetales - physiology ; Bacterial plant pathogens ; bacterial wilt ; Biological and medical sciences ; Clavibacter michiganensis ; Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis ; disease resistance ; Disease Susceptibility ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene Silencing ; genes ; Genes, Plant ; Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics ; host-pathogen relationships ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; microbial growth ; Nicotiana - genetics ; Nicotiana - microbiology ; Nicotiana - physiology ; Nicotiana benthamiana ; Phytopathology. Animal pests. 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Michiganensis</title><title>Phytopathology</title><addtitle>Phytopathology</addtitle><description>Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is an actinomycete, causing bacterial wilt and canker disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to identify genes playing a role in host basal defense response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis infection using Nicotiana benthamiana as a model plant. A preliminary VIGS screen comprising 160 genes from tomato known to be involved in defense-related signaling identified a set of 14 genes whose suppression led to altered host-pathogen interactions. Expression of each of these genes and three additional targets was then suppressed in larger-scale VIGS experiments and the effect of silencing on development of wilt disease symptoms and bacterial growth during an N. benthamiana-C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis compatible interaction was determined. Disease susceptibility and in planta bacterial population size were enhanced by silencing genes encoding N. benthamiana homologs of ubiquitin activating enzyme, snakin-2, extensin-like protein, divinyl ether synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 2, and Pto-like kinase. The identification of genes having a role in the host basal defense-response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis advances our understanding of the plant responses activated by C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and raises possibilities for devising novel and effective molecular strategies to control bacterial canker and wilt in tomato.</description><subject>Actinomycetales - genetics</subject><subject>Actinomycetales - growth & development</subject><subject>Actinomycetales - pathogenicity</subject><subject>Actinomycetales - physiology</subject><subject>Bacterial plant pathogens</subject><subject>bacterial wilt</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Clavibacter michiganensis</subject><subject>Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis</subject><subject>disease resistance</subject><subject>Disease Susceptibility</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Gene Silencing</subject><subject>genes</subject><subject>Genes, Plant</subject><subject>Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics</subject><subject>host-pathogen relationships</subject><subject>Lycopersicon esculentum</subject><subject>microbial growth</subject><subject>Nicotiana - genetics</subject><subject>Nicotiana - microbiology</subject><subject>Nicotiana - physiology</subject><subject>Nicotiana benthamiana</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - genetics</subject><subject>Plant Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>plant response</subject><subject>Plant Stems</subject><subject>population size</subject><subject>Seedlings</subject><subject>Solanum</subject><subject>Solanum lycopersicum</subject><subject>tomatoes</subject><subject>Transcription, Genetic</subject><subject>ubiquitin-protein ligase</subject><issn>0031-949X</issn><issn>1943-7684</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkk1v1DAQhiMEotvCnRP4gjil-CuJc6RL6VYqFHVbCU7RxJlsjZI4eJKK_h9-KN7u8nHjNKPR875j-3WSvBD8WPBSv_28-np9mfIsFTzlQslHyUKUWqVFbvTjZMG5Emmpyy8HySHRN855YbL8aXIgBc-lEHKR_Fy7Dgfrhg3zLVt5mtgJEHTsPbY4ELIrpNHHJr3CDiZs2BkOyE5_jAGJnB_Y-WADAiGx9UwWx8nVrnPT_dbvk7N-cjAAq3GYbqF_6CfPlh3cuRrshIH1zt66DQxxnSNGc03jMfv47_BZ8qSFjvD5vh4lNx9Or5er9OLy7Hz57iK1WuZTKqERiCYWbBttirqtja3zJkdodAO5KbJS2VyUEqxRArQqpDbGaF2K-HiNOkre7HzH4L_PSFPVu3ilrovn8DNVJucqCnn5fzLjWZ4pIyPJd6QNnihgW43B9RDuK8GrbYjVQ4gVz7aDbYhR8nJvPtc9Nn8Ev1OLwOs9AGShawPEBOkvp0wpVGki92rHteAr2ITI3KwlF1n8CXGT4eoXOYSxag</recordid><startdate>20110301</startdate><enddate>20110301</enddate><creator>Balaji, Vasudevan</creator><creator>Sessa, Guido</creator><creator>Smart, Christine D</creator><general>American Phytopathological Society</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110301</creationdate><title>Silencing of Host Basal Defense Response-Related Gene Expression Increases Susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis</title><author>Balaji, Vasudevan ; Sessa, Guido ; Smart, Christine D</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c426t-2ad1ee82adefd487bfb8cb6d6ead4da687593c6192ac831a437248884491132d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Actinomycetales - genetics</topic><topic>Actinomycetales - growth & development</topic><topic>Actinomycetales - pathogenicity</topic><topic>Actinomycetales - physiology</topic><topic>Bacterial plant pathogens</topic><topic>bacterial wilt</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Clavibacter michiganensis</topic><topic>Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis</topic><topic>disease resistance</topic><topic>Disease Susceptibility</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</topic><topic>Gene Silencing</topic><topic>genes</topic><topic>Genes, Plant</topic><topic>Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics</topic><topic>host-pathogen relationships</topic><topic>Lycopersicon esculentum</topic><topic>microbial growth</topic><topic>Nicotiana - genetics</topic><topic>Nicotiana - microbiology</topic><topic>Nicotiana - physiology</topic><topic>Nicotiana benthamiana</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - genetics</topic><topic>Plant Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>plant response</topic><topic>Plant Stems</topic><topic>population size</topic><topic>Seedlings</topic><topic>Solanum</topic><topic>Solanum lycopersicum</topic><topic>tomatoes</topic><topic>Transcription, Genetic</topic><topic>ubiquitin-protein ligase</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Balaji, Vasudevan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sessa, Guido</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smart, Christine D</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Phytopathology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Balaji, Vasudevan</au><au>Sessa, Guido</au><au>Smart, Christine D</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Silencing of Host Basal Defense Response-Related Gene Expression Increases Susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis</atitle><jtitle>Phytopathology</jtitle><addtitle>Phytopathology</addtitle><date>2011-03-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>101</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>349</spage><epage>357</epage><pages>349-357</pages><issn>0031-949X</issn><eissn>1943-7684</eissn><coden>PHYTAJ</coden><abstract>Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is an actinomycete, causing bacterial wilt and canker disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to identify genes playing a role in host basal defense response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis infection using Nicotiana benthamiana as a model plant. A preliminary VIGS screen comprising 160 genes from tomato known to be involved in defense-related signaling identified a set of 14 genes whose suppression led to altered host-pathogen interactions. Expression of each of these genes and three additional targets was then suppressed in larger-scale VIGS experiments and the effect of silencing on development of wilt disease symptoms and bacterial growth during an N. benthamiana-C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis compatible interaction was determined. Disease susceptibility and in planta bacterial population size were enhanced by silencing genes encoding N. benthamiana homologs of ubiquitin activating enzyme, snakin-2, extensin-like protein, divinyl ether synthase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 2, and Pto-like kinase. The identification of genes having a role in the host basal defense-response to C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis advances our understanding of the plant responses activated by C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and raises possibilities for devising novel and effective molecular strategies to control bacterial canker and wilt in tomato.</abstract><cop>St. Paul, MN</cop><pub>American Phytopathological Society</pub><pmid>21062112</pmid><doi>10.1094/PHYTO-05-10-0132</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Phytopathology, 2011-03, Vol.101 (3), p.349-357 |
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| subjects | Actinomycetales - genetics Actinomycetales - growth & development Actinomycetales - pathogenicity Actinomycetales - physiology Bacterial plant pathogens bacterial wilt Biological and medical sciences Clavibacter michiganensis Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis disease resistance Disease Susceptibility Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Gene Silencing genes Genes, Plant Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics host-pathogen relationships Lycopersicon esculentum microbial growth Nicotiana - genetics Nicotiana - microbiology Nicotiana - physiology Nicotiana benthamiana Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Plant Diseases - genetics Plant Diseases - microbiology plant response Plant Stems population size Seedlings Solanum Solanum lycopersicum tomatoes Transcription, Genetic ubiquitin-protein ligase |
| title | Silencing of Host Basal Defense Response-Related Gene Expression Increases Susceptibility of Nicotiana benthamiana to Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis |
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