Vascular Calcification in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Types, Clinical Impact and Pathogenesis

Vascular calcification plays a major role in cardiovascular disease, which is one of the main causes of mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Vascular calcification is determined by prevalent traditional and uraemia-related (non-traditional) risk factors. It occurs mainly in the arteries, wh...

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Veröffentlicht in:Medical principles and practice 2011-01, Vol.20 (3), p.203-212
Hauptverfasser: Román-García, Pablo, Rodríguez-García, Minerva, Cabezas-Rodríguez, Iván, López-Ongil, Susana, Díaz-López, Bernardino, Cannata-Andía, Jorge B.
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container_end_page 212
container_issue 3
container_start_page 203
container_title Medical principles and practice
container_volume 20
creator Román-García, Pablo
Rodríguez-García, Minerva
Cabezas-Rodríguez, Iván
López-Ongil, Susana
Díaz-López, Bernardino
Cannata-Andía, Jorge B.
description Vascular calcification plays a major role in cardiovascular disease, which is one of the main causes of mortality in chronic kidney disease patients. Vascular calcification is determined by prevalent traditional and uraemia-related (non-traditional) risk factors. It occurs mainly in the arteries, which are classified into three types according to their size and structural characteristics. In addition, vascular calcification has been associated with bone loss and fractures in chronic kidney disease patients and the general population, stressing the fact that both disorders can share pathogenetic pathways. The strategies to control vascular calcification involve several measures, chief among them the control of hyperphosphataemia. Furthermore, it has been recently described that strategies that reduce bone resorption and increase bone mineralization may decrease the risk of vascular calcifications; however, this approach still remains controversial. The mechanisms involved in vascular calcification are complex and not yet fully understood. Phosphorus plays a major role, while other factors related to bone formation have been recently identified.
doi_str_mv 10.1159/000323434
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source MEDLINE; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central
subjects Calcification, Physiologic
Calcinosis - blood
Calcinosis - complications
Humans
Hypercalcemia - complications
Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary - complications
Hyperphosphatemia - complications
Kidney Diseases - complications
Review
Risk Factors
Vascular Diseases - complications
title Vascular Calcification in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Types, Clinical Impact and Pathogenesis
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