Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran
Objectives To investigate the perceived factors leading to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) smoking initiation and maintenance in Iranian university students. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 students aged 20–25 enrolled in Isfahan University and Kashan University in 2007. Demogr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of public health 2011-04, Vol.56 (2), p.175-180 |
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| container_title | International journal of public health |
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| creator | Roohafza, Hamidreza Sadeghi, Masoumeh Shahnam, Maryam Bahonar, Ahmad Sarafzadegan, Nizal |
| description | Objectives
To investigate the perceived factors leading to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) smoking initiation and maintenance in Iranian university students.
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 students aged 20–25 enrolled in Isfahan University and Kashan University in 2007. Demographic factors as well as cigarette and ghelyan status, and perceived factors related to cigarette or ghelyan smoking initiation and maintenance were recorded. Principal component analysis was carried out to cluster perceived smoking initiation and maintenance factors.
Result
In a multiple logistic regression model, perceived psychological factors were more significant to cigarette smoking initiation and maintenance than ghelyan smoking among girls (odds ratio, OR = 1.90;
P
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00038-009-0107-x |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_859496522</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>859496522</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-c150254bdde38eb52eaa480f913f8d4daf91cd3a0c576553ab10eb8175b511a43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU1P3DAQhq2qqHz1B_RSWb1AD4FxEjvZI1pBi4QEh_ZsTezJ1ijrbG0Hdv89XpZSCYmTx55nXlt-GPsi4EwANOcRAKq2AJgVIKAp1h_YgVBKFK1U9cfXWqp9dhjjPYCCFsQntl8ClCAadcDWdxQMuQeyvEeTxhB5oAFT3qeRG7fAQCkRR2_5Yz4OK7cifrr4Q8MG_XfuvEsOkxv9M7JE5xN59IZyi08-J4fo0obHNFnyKfKx59cB_THb63GI9PllPWK_ry5_zX8WN7c_rucXN4WpGkiFERJKWXfWUtVSJ0tCrFvoZ6LqW1tbzJWxFYKRjZKywk4Ada1oZCeFwLo6Yie73FUY_04Uk166aGgY0NM4Rd3KWT1Tsiwz-e0NeT9OwefHbaH8d0ps48QOMmGMMVCvV8EtMWy0AL2VondSdJait1L0Os98fQmeuiXZ14l_FjJQ7oCYW35B4f_N76c-AbYqmVc</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>859060614</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Roohafza, Hamidreza ; Sadeghi, Masoumeh ; Shahnam, Maryam ; Bahonar, Ahmad ; Sarafzadegan, Nizal</creator><creatorcontrib>Roohafza, Hamidreza ; Sadeghi, Masoumeh ; Shahnam, Maryam ; Bahonar, Ahmad ; Sarafzadegan, Nizal</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives
To investigate the perceived factors leading to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) smoking initiation and maintenance in Iranian university students.
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 students aged 20–25 enrolled in Isfahan University and Kashan University in 2007. Demographic factors as well as cigarette and ghelyan status, and perceived factors related to cigarette or ghelyan smoking initiation and maintenance were recorded. Principal component analysis was carried out to cluster perceived smoking initiation and maintenance factors.
Result
In a multiple logistic regression model, perceived psychological factors were more significant to cigarette smoking initiation and maintenance than ghelyan smoking among girls (odds ratio, OR = 1.90;
P
< 0.04) although perceived psychological factors (OR = 2.20;
P
< 0.001) and social factors (OR = 2.42;
P
< 0.001) were more significant in cigarette smoking initiation than ghelyan smoking initiation among boys (OR = 2.42;
P
< 0.001). Moreover, study appears that in boys, perceived entertainment factors could play more significant role in ghelyan smoking initiation compared with cigarette smoking initiation (OR = 0.42;
P
< 0.001).
Conclusion
Whereas the factors related to smoking initiation and maintenance are different in both genders and in both tobacco products, identification of cigarette and ghelyan smoking may guide policy makers to develop comprehensive interventions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1661-8556</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1661-8564</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00038-009-0107-x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20020176</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel</publisher><subject>Adult ; Cigarettes ; College students ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Health ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Iran ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine ; Original Article ; Perceptions ; Pipes ; Psychology ; Public Health ; Sex Factors ; Smoking - epidemiology ; Students - psychology ; Universities ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>International journal of public health, 2011-04, Vol.56 (2), p.175-180</ispartof><rights>Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel/Switzerland 2009</rights><rights>Swiss School of Public Health 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-c150254bdde38eb52eaa480f913f8d4daf91cd3a0c576553ab10eb8175b511a43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-c150254bdde38eb52eaa480f913f8d4daf91cd3a0c576553ab10eb8175b511a43</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00038-009-0107-x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00038-009-0107-x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20020176$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Roohafza, Hamidreza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sadeghi, Masoumeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shahnam, Maryam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bahonar, Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarafzadegan, Nizal</creatorcontrib><title>Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran</title><title>International journal of public health</title><addtitle>Int J Public Health</addtitle><addtitle>Int J Public Health</addtitle><description>Objectives
To investigate the perceived factors leading to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) smoking initiation and maintenance in Iranian university students.
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 students aged 20–25 enrolled in Isfahan University and Kashan University in 2007. Demographic factors as well as cigarette and ghelyan status, and perceived factors related to cigarette or ghelyan smoking initiation and maintenance were recorded. Principal component analysis was carried out to cluster perceived smoking initiation and maintenance factors.
Result
In a multiple logistic regression model, perceived psychological factors were more significant to cigarette smoking initiation and maintenance than ghelyan smoking among girls (odds ratio, OR = 1.90;
P
< 0.04) although perceived psychological factors (OR = 2.20;
P
< 0.001) and social factors (OR = 2.42;
P
< 0.001) were more significant in cigarette smoking initiation than ghelyan smoking initiation among boys (OR = 2.42;
P
< 0.001). Moreover, study appears that in boys, perceived entertainment factors could play more significant role in ghelyan smoking initiation compared with cigarette smoking initiation (OR = 0.42;
P
< 0.001).
Conclusion
Whereas the factors related to smoking initiation and maintenance are different in both genders and in both tobacco products, identification of cigarette and ghelyan smoking may guide policy makers to develop comprehensive interventions.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cigarettes</subject><subject>College students</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Health Behavior</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iran</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>Perceptions</subject><subject>Pipes</subject><subject>Psychology</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Smoking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Students - psychology</subject><subject>Universities</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1661-8556</issn><issn>1661-8564</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU1P3DAQhq2qqHz1B_RSWb1AD4FxEjvZI1pBi4QEh_ZsTezJ1ijrbG0Hdv89XpZSCYmTx55nXlt-GPsi4EwANOcRAKq2AJgVIKAp1h_YgVBKFK1U9cfXWqp9dhjjPYCCFsQntl8ClCAadcDWdxQMuQeyvEeTxhB5oAFT3qeRG7fAQCkRR2_5Yz4OK7cifrr4Q8MG_XfuvEsOkxv9M7JE5xN59IZyi08-J4fo0obHNFnyKfKx59cB_THb63GI9PllPWK_ry5_zX8WN7c_rucXN4WpGkiFERJKWXfWUtVSJ0tCrFvoZ6LqW1tbzJWxFYKRjZKywk4Ada1oZCeFwLo6Yie73FUY_04Uk166aGgY0NM4Rd3KWT1Tsiwz-e0NeT9OwefHbaH8d0ps48QOMmGMMVCvV8EtMWy0AL2VondSdJait1L0Os98fQmeuiXZ14l_FjJQ7oCYW35B4f_N76c-AbYqmVc</recordid><startdate>20110401</startdate><enddate>20110401</enddate><creator>Roohafza, Hamidreza</creator><creator>Sadeghi, Masoumeh</creator><creator>Shahnam, Maryam</creator><creator>Bahonar, Ahmad</creator><creator>Sarafzadegan, Nizal</creator><general>SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110401</creationdate><title>Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran</title><author>Roohafza, Hamidreza ; Sadeghi, Masoumeh ; Shahnam, Maryam ; Bahonar, Ahmad ; Sarafzadegan, Nizal</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-c150254bdde38eb52eaa480f913f8d4daf91cd3a0c576553ab10eb8175b511a43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Cigarettes</topic><topic>College students</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Health Behavior</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Iran</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>Perceptions</topic><topic>Pipes</topic><topic>Psychology</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Smoking - epidemiology</topic><topic>Students - psychology</topic><topic>Universities</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Roohafza, Hamidreza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sadeghi, Masoumeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shahnam, Maryam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bahonar, Ahmad</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sarafzadegan, Nizal</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Roohafza, Hamidreza</au><au>Sadeghi, Masoumeh</au><au>Shahnam, Maryam</au><au>Bahonar, Ahmad</au><au>Sarafzadegan, Nizal</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran</atitle><jtitle>International journal of public health</jtitle><stitle>Int J Public Health</stitle><addtitle>Int J Public Health</addtitle><date>2011-04-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>175</spage><epage>180</epage><pages>175-180</pages><issn>1661-8556</issn><eissn>1661-8564</eissn><abstract>Objectives
To investigate the perceived factors leading to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) smoking initiation and maintenance in Iranian university students.
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 233 students aged 20–25 enrolled in Isfahan University and Kashan University in 2007. Demographic factors as well as cigarette and ghelyan status, and perceived factors related to cigarette or ghelyan smoking initiation and maintenance were recorded. Principal component analysis was carried out to cluster perceived smoking initiation and maintenance factors.
Result
In a multiple logistic regression model, perceived psychological factors were more significant to cigarette smoking initiation and maintenance than ghelyan smoking among girls (odds ratio, OR = 1.90;
P
< 0.04) although perceived psychological factors (OR = 2.20;
P
< 0.001) and social factors (OR = 2.42;
P
< 0.001) were more significant in cigarette smoking initiation than ghelyan smoking initiation among boys (OR = 2.42;
P
< 0.001). Moreover, study appears that in boys, perceived entertainment factors could play more significant role in ghelyan smoking initiation compared with cigarette smoking initiation (OR = 0.42;
P
< 0.001).
Conclusion
Whereas the factors related to smoking initiation and maintenance are different in both genders and in both tobacco products, identification of cigarette and ghelyan smoking may guide policy makers to develop comprehensive interventions.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel</pub><pmid>20020176</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00038-009-0107-x</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Adult Cigarettes College students Cross-Sectional Studies Environmental Health Female Health Behavior Humans Iran Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine Original Article Perceptions Pipes Psychology Public Health Sex Factors Smoking - epidemiology Students - psychology Universities Young Adult |
| title | Perceived factors related to cigarette and waterpipe (ghelyan) initiation and maintenance in university students of Iran |
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