Word length effects in long-term memory
The word length effect has been a central feature of theorising about immediate memory. The notion that short-term memory traces rapidly decay unless refreshed by rehearsal is based primarily upon the finding that serial recall for short words is better than that for long words. The decay account of...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of memory and language 2007, Vol.56 (1), p.35-48 |
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description | The word length effect has been a central feature of theorising about immediate memory. The notion that short-term memory traces rapidly decay unless refreshed by rehearsal is based primarily upon the finding that serial recall for short words is better than that for long words. The decay account of the word length effect has come under pressure in recent times. The current research tests alternative explanations of the word length effect, ones that suggest first, that word length effects should be found in long-term memory tasks. Second, one alternative predicts that the standard short-word advantage should only be observed in tasks in which participants use serial order memory. In tasks where only item memory is used, the approach predicts a long word advantage. Consistent with this notion, standard word length effects were found in long-term serial recall and free recall tasks, but a long word advantage was found in item recognition and cued recall tasks. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jml.2006.08.015 |
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The notion that short-term memory traces rapidly decay unless refreshed by rehearsal is based primarily upon the finding that serial recall for short words is better than that for long words. The decay account of the word length effect has come under pressure in recent times. The current research tests alternative explanations of the word length effect, ones that suggest first, that word length effects should be found in long-term memory tasks. Second, one alternative predicts that the standard short-word advantage should only be observed in tasks in which participants use serial order memory. In tasks where only item memory is used, the approach predicts a long word advantage. 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The notion that short-term memory traces rapidly decay unless refreshed by rehearsal is based primarily upon the finding that serial recall for short words is better than that for long words. The decay account of the word length effect has come under pressure in recent times. The current research tests alternative explanations of the word length effect, ones that suggest first, that word length effects should be found in long-term memory tasks. Second, one alternative predicts that the standard short-word advantage should only be observed in tasks in which participants use serial order memory. In tasks where only item memory is used, the approach predicts a long word advantage. Consistent with this notion, standard word length effects were found in long-term serial recall and free recall tasks, but a long word advantage was found in item recognition and cued recall tasks.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cognition & reasoning</subject><subject>Cognitive Processes</subject><subject>Effect Size</subject><subject>Free recall</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Item-order memory</subject><subject>Language</subject><subject>Language Research</subject><subject>Learning. Memory</subject><subject>Long Term Memory</subject><subject>Memory</subject><subject>Phrase Structure</subject><subject>Psychological Studies</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Recall (Psychology)</subject><subject>Serial Ordering</subject><subject>Serial recall</subject><subject>Short Term Memory</subject><subject>Suprasegmentals</subject><subject>Vocabulary</subject><subject>Word length</subject><subject>Word Recognition</subject><subject>Working memory</subject><issn>0749-596X</issn><issn>1096-0821</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kE1LHTEUhkNR6FX7AwpdDIJ2NePJ5yS4KmJtRXBjaXchZk40w3zYZG7Bf28u91LBhauzeJ_35fAQ8plCQ4Gqs77px6FhAKoB3QCVH8iKglE1aEb3yApaYWpp1J-P5CDnHoBS2bIV-fp7Tl014PSwPFYYAvolV3Gqhnl6qBdMYzXiOKfnI7If3JDx0-4ekl_fL-8uftQ3t1c_L77d1F4Is9RcQKcpZdqBAy25EtIJDFSFewWeK4-Ot9R4xxlrKdfCB6YcBtdhuDda8ENyut19SvPfNebFjjF7HAY34bzOVssyaZQp4PEbsJ_XaSq_WUYlcCnYBqJbyKc554TBPqU4uvRsKdiNN9vb4s1uvFnQtngrnZPdsMveDSG5ycf8WtSyFOVm-8uWwxT9__jyuhXaCF7i811cbP2LmGz2ESePXUxFsu3m-M4TL3i6iY4</recordid><startdate>2007</startdate><enddate>2007</enddate><creator>Tehan, Gerald</creator><creator>Tolan, Georgina Anne</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier BV</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T9</scope><scope>8BM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2007</creationdate><title>Word length effects in long-term memory</title><author>Tehan, Gerald ; Tolan, Georgina Anne</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c449t-340d81128a0a0853645a4ef16fb60c36cea3719ca32271384cf26aefadefb9843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cognition & reasoning</topic><topic>Cognitive Processes</topic><topic>Effect Size</topic><topic>Free recall</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Item-order memory</topic><topic>Language</topic><topic>Language Research</topic><topic>Learning. Memory</topic><topic>Long Term Memory</topic><topic>Memory</topic><topic>Phrase Structure</topic><topic>Psychological Studies</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Recall (Psychology)</topic><topic>Serial Ordering</topic><topic>Serial recall</topic><topic>Short Term Memory</topic><topic>Suprasegmentals</topic><topic>Vocabulary</topic><topic>Word length</topic><topic>Word Recognition</topic><topic>Working memory</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tehan, Gerald</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tolan, Georgina Anne</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)</collection><collection>ComDisDome</collection><jtitle>Journal of memory and language</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tehan, Gerald</au><au>Tolan, Georgina Anne</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ748943</ericid><atitle>Word length effects in long-term memory</atitle><jtitle>Journal of memory and language</jtitle><date>2007</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>35</spage><epage>48</epage><pages>35-48</pages><issn>0749-596X</issn><eissn>1096-0821</eissn><coden>JMLAE6</coden><abstract>The word length effect has been a central feature of theorising about immediate memory. The notion that short-term memory traces rapidly decay unless refreshed by rehearsal is based primarily upon the finding that serial recall for short words is better than that for long words. The decay account of the word length effect has come under pressure in recent times. The current research tests alternative explanations of the word length effect, ones that suggest first, that word length effects should be found in long-term memory tasks. Second, one alternative predicts that the standard short-word advantage should only be observed in tasks in which participants use serial order memory. In tasks where only item memory is used, the approach predicts a long word advantage. 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subjects | Biological and medical sciences Cognition & reasoning Cognitive Processes Effect Size Free recall Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Human Item-order memory Language Language Research Learning. Memory Long Term Memory Memory Phrase Structure Psychological Studies Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Recall (Psychology) Serial Ordering Serial recall Short Term Memory Suprasegmentals Vocabulary Word length Word Recognition Working memory |
title | Word length effects in long-term memory |
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