Detection of dicofol and related pesticides in human breast milk from China, Korea and Japan
Previously, we demonstrated that the concentrations of DDTs were greater in breast milk collected from Chinese mothers than from Japanese and Korean mothers. To investigate dicofol as a possible source of the DDTs in human breast milk, we collected breast milk samples from 2007 to 2009 in China (Bei...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Chemosphere (Oxford) 2011, Vol.82 (1), p.25-31 |
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| creator | Fujii, Yukiko Haraguchi, Koichi Harada, Kouji H. Hitomi, Toshiaki Inoue, Kayoko Itoh, Yoshiko Watanabe, Takao Takenaka, Katsunobu Uehara, Shigeki Yang, Hye-Ran Kim, Min-Young Moon, Chan-Seok Kim, Hae-Sook Wang, Peiyu Liu, Aiping Hung, Nguyen Ngoc Koizumi, Akio |
| description | Previously, we demonstrated that the concentrations of DDTs were greater in breast milk collected from Chinese mothers than from Japanese and Korean mothers. To investigate dicofol as a possible source of the DDTs in human breast milk, we collected breast milk samples from 2007 to 2009 in China (Beijing), Korea (Seoul, Busan) and Japan (Sendai, Takarazuka and Takayama). Using these breast milk samples, we quantified the concentrations of dichlorobenzophenone, a pyrolysis product of dicofol (simply referred to as dicofol hereafter), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) using GC–MS. Overall, 12 of 14 pooled breast milk samples from 210 mothers contained detectable levels of dicofol (>0.1
ng
g
−1 lipid). The geometric mean concentration of dicofol in the Japanese breast milk samples was 0.3
ng
g
−1 lipid and significantly lower than that in Chinese (9.6
ng
g
−1 lipid) or Korean breast milk samples (1.9
ng
g
−1 lipid) (
p
<
0.05 for each). Furthermore, the ΣDDT levels in breast milk from China were 10-fold higher than those from Korea and Japan. The present results strongly suggest the presence of extensive emission sources of both dicofol and DDTs in China. However, exposure to dicofol cannot explain the large exposure of Chinese mothers to DDTs because of the trace levels of dicofol in the ΣDDTs. In the present study, dicofol was confirmed to be detectable in human breast milk. This is the first report to identify dicofol in human samples. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.036 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_855676758</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0045653510011793</els_id><sourcerecordid>855676758</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-dd38668716091ac4e32c2005888f2226811c75768c2c0920a8073ca697f9f5713</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkU1vEzEQhi1ERdPCXwBzQFzYMPbGX0cUKFAqcYDekCzXOyYOu-vF3iDx7-s04ePY00ie550ZPSbkOYMlAyZfb5d-g0Mq0wYzLjncvS-hlQ_IgmllGsaNfkgWACvRSNGKU3JWyhaghoV5RE45A8FAmgX59hZn9HNMI02BdtGnkHrqxo5m7N2MHZ2wzNHHDguNI93sBjfSm4yuzHSI_Q8achroehNH94p-SrVxl750kxsfk5Pg-oJPjvWcXF-8-7r-0Fx9fv9x_eaq8YLruem6VkupFZNgmPMrbLnnAEJrHTjnUjPmlVBSe-7BcHAaVOudNCqYIBRrz8nLw9wpp5-7eq8dYvHY927EtCtWCyGVVEJX0hxIn1MpGYOdchxc_m0Z2L1bu7X_ubV7t_tWdVuzT49bdjcDdn-Tf2RW4MURcMW7PmQ3-lj-ce1qpYQRlXt24IJL1n3Plbn-Uje1wIwEoVQl1gcCq7VfEbMtPuLosYu5_pbtUrzHwbfrEaTG</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>855676758</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Detection of dicofol and related pesticides in human breast milk from China, Korea and Japan</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)</source><creator>Fujii, Yukiko ; Haraguchi, Koichi ; Harada, Kouji H. ; Hitomi, Toshiaki ; Inoue, Kayoko ; Itoh, Yoshiko ; Watanabe, Takao ; Takenaka, Katsunobu ; Uehara, Shigeki ; Yang, Hye-Ran ; Kim, Min-Young ; Moon, Chan-Seok ; Kim, Hae-Sook ; Wang, Peiyu ; Liu, Aiping ; Hung, Nguyen Ngoc ; Koizumi, Akio</creator><creatorcontrib>Fujii, Yukiko ; Haraguchi, Koichi ; Harada, Kouji H. ; Hitomi, Toshiaki ; Inoue, Kayoko ; Itoh, Yoshiko ; Watanabe, Takao ; Takenaka, Katsunobu ; Uehara, Shigeki ; Yang, Hye-Ran ; Kim, Min-Young ; Moon, Chan-Seok ; Kim, Hae-Sook ; Wang, Peiyu ; Liu, Aiping ; Hung, Nguyen Ngoc ; Koizumi, Akio</creatorcontrib><description>Previously, we demonstrated that the concentrations of DDTs were greater in breast milk collected from Chinese mothers than from Japanese and Korean mothers. To investigate dicofol as a possible source of the DDTs in human breast milk, we collected breast milk samples from 2007 to 2009 in China (Beijing), Korea (Seoul, Busan) and Japan (Sendai, Takarazuka and Takayama). Using these breast milk samples, we quantified the concentrations of dichlorobenzophenone, a pyrolysis product of dicofol (simply referred to as dicofol hereafter), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) using GC–MS. Overall, 12 of 14 pooled breast milk samples from 210 mothers contained detectable levels of dicofol (>0.1
ng
g
−1 lipid). The geometric mean concentration of dicofol in the Japanese breast milk samples was 0.3
ng
g
−1 lipid and significantly lower than that in Chinese (9.6
ng
g
−1 lipid) or Korean breast milk samples (1.9
ng
g
−1 lipid) (
p
<
0.05 for each). Furthermore, the ΣDDT levels in breast milk from China were 10-fold higher than those from Korea and Japan. The present results strongly suggest the presence of extensive emission sources of both dicofol and DDTs in China. However, exposure to dicofol cannot explain the large exposure of Chinese mothers to DDTs because of the trace levels of dicofol in the ΣDDTs. In the present study, dicofol was confirmed to be detectable in human breast milk. This is the first report to identify dicofol in human samples.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0045-6535</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1298</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.036</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21051069</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CMSHAF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; breast milk ; chemical concentration ; China ; DDT (pesticide) ; DDT - metabolism ; DDTs ; Dicofol ; Dicofol - metabolism ; emissions ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Human milk ; Humans ; Insecticides - metabolism ; Japan ; Korea ; lipids ; Maternal Exposure - statistics & numerical data ; Medical sciences ; metabolites ; Milk, Human - metabolism ; mothers ; Pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals toxicology ; pyrolysis ; Toxicology</subject><ispartof>Chemosphere (Oxford), 2011, Vol.82 (1), p.25-31</ispartof><rights>2010 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-dd38668716091ac4e32c2005888f2226811c75768c2c0920a8073ca697f9f5713</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-dd38668716091ac4e32c2005888f2226811c75768c2c0920a8073ca697f9f5713</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.036$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,782,786,3552,4026,27930,27931,27932,46002</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=23447595$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21051069$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fujii, Yukiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haraguchi, Koichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harada, Kouji H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hitomi, Toshiaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Kayoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Itoh, Yoshiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Takao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takenaka, Katsunobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uehara, Shigeki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Hye-Ran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Min-Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moon, Chan-Seok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hae-Sook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Peiyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Aiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hung, Nguyen Ngoc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koizumi, Akio</creatorcontrib><title>Detection of dicofol and related pesticides in human breast milk from China, Korea and Japan</title><title>Chemosphere (Oxford)</title><addtitle>Chemosphere</addtitle><description>Previously, we demonstrated that the concentrations of DDTs were greater in breast milk collected from Chinese mothers than from Japanese and Korean mothers. To investigate dicofol as a possible source of the DDTs in human breast milk, we collected breast milk samples from 2007 to 2009 in China (Beijing), Korea (Seoul, Busan) and Japan (Sendai, Takarazuka and Takayama). Using these breast milk samples, we quantified the concentrations of dichlorobenzophenone, a pyrolysis product of dicofol (simply referred to as dicofol hereafter), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) using GC–MS. Overall, 12 of 14 pooled breast milk samples from 210 mothers contained detectable levels of dicofol (>0.1
ng
g
−1 lipid). The geometric mean concentration of dicofol in the Japanese breast milk samples was 0.3
ng
g
−1 lipid and significantly lower than that in Chinese (9.6
ng
g
−1 lipid) or Korean breast milk samples (1.9
ng
g
−1 lipid) (
p
<
0.05 for each). Furthermore, the ΣDDT levels in breast milk from China were 10-fold higher than those from Korea and Japan. The present results strongly suggest the presence of extensive emission sources of both dicofol and DDTs in China. However, exposure to dicofol cannot explain the large exposure of Chinese mothers to DDTs because of the trace levels of dicofol in the ΣDDTs. In the present study, dicofol was confirmed to be detectable in human breast milk. This is the first report to identify dicofol in human samples.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>breast milk</subject><subject>chemical concentration</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>DDT (pesticide)</subject><subject>DDT - metabolism</subject><subject>DDTs</subject><subject>Dicofol</subject><subject>Dicofol - metabolism</subject><subject>emissions</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Human milk</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insecticides - metabolism</subject><subject>Japan</subject><subject>Korea</subject><subject>lipids</subject><subject>Maternal Exposure - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>metabolites</subject><subject>Milk, Human - metabolism</subject><subject>mothers</subject><subject>Pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals toxicology</subject><subject>pyrolysis</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>0045-6535</issn><issn>1879-1298</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1vEzEQhi1ERdPCXwBzQFzYMPbGX0cUKFAqcYDekCzXOyYOu-vF3iDx7-s04ePY00ie550ZPSbkOYMlAyZfb5d-g0Mq0wYzLjncvS-hlQ_IgmllGsaNfkgWACvRSNGKU3JWyhaghoV5RE45A8FAmgX59hZn9HNMI02BdtGnkHrqxo5m7N2MHZ2wzNHHDguNI93sBjfSm4yuzHSI_Q8achroehNH94p-SrVxl750kxsfk5Pg-oJPjvWcXF-8-7r-0Fx9fv9x_eaq8YLruem6VkupFZNgmPMrbLnnAEJrHTjnUjPmlVBSe-7BcHAaVOudNCqYIBRrz8nLw9wpp5-7eq8dYvHY927EtCtWCyGVVEJX0hxIn1MpGYOdchxc_m0Z2L1bu7X_ubV7t_tWdVuzT49bdjcDdn-Tf2RW4MURcMW7PmQ3-lj-ce1qpYQRlXt24IJL1n3Plbn-Uje1wIwEoVQl1gcCq7VfEbMtPuLosYu5_pbtUrzHwbfrEaTG</recordid><startdate>2011</startdate><enddate>2011</enddate><creator>Fujii, Yukiko</creator><creator>Haraguchi, Koichi</creator><creator>Harada, Kouji H.</creator><creator>Hitomi, Toshiaki</creator><creator>Inoue, Kayoko</creator><creator>Itoh, Yoshiko</creator><creator>Watanabe, Takao</creator><creator>Takenaka, Katsunobu</creator><creator>Uehara, Shigeki</creator><creator>Yang, Hye-Ran</creator><creator>Kim, Min-Young</creator><creator>Moon, Chan-Seok</creator><creator>Kim, Hae-Sook</creator><creator>Wang, Peiyu</creator><creator>Liu, Aiping</creator><creator>Hung, Nguyen Ngoc</creator><creator>Koizumi, Akio</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>2011</creationdate><title>Detection of dicofol and related pesticides in human breast milk from China, Korea and Japan</title><author>Fujii, Yukiko ; Haraguchi, Koichi ; Harada, Kouji H. ; Hitomi, Toshiaki ; Inoue, Kayoko ; Itoh, Yoshiko ; Watanabe, Takao ; Takenaka, Katsunobu ; Uehara, Shigeki ; Yang, Hye-Ran ; Kim, Min-Young ; Moon, Chan-Seok ; Kim, Hae-Sook ; Wang, Peiyu ; Liu, Aiping ; Hung, Nguyen Ngoc ; Koizumi, Akio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c528t-dd38668716091ac4e32c2005888f2226811c75768c2c0920a8073ca697f9f5713</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>breast milk</topic><topic>chemical concentration</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>DDT (pesticide)</topic><topic>DDT - metabolism</topic><topic>DDTs</topic><topic>Dicofol</topic><topic>Dicofol - metabolism</topic><topic>emissions</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>Human milk</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insecticides - metabolism</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Korea</topic><topic>lipids</topic><topic>Maternal Exposure - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>metabolites</topic><topic>Milk, Human - metabolism</topic><topic>mothers</topic><topic>Pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals toxicology</topic><topic>pyrolysis</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fujii, Yukiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haraguchi, Koichi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harada, Kouji H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hitomi, Toshiaki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Kayoko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Itoh, Yoshiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Watanabe, Takao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Takenaka, Katsunobu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uehara, Shigeki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Hye-Ran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Min-Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moon, Chan-Seok</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hae-Sook</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Peiyu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Aiping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hung, Nguyen Ngoc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koizumi, Akio</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Chemosphere (Oxford)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fujii, Yukiko</au><au>Haraguchi, Koichi</au><au>Harada, Kouji H.</au><au>Hitomi, Toshiaki</au><au>Inoue, Kayoko</au><au>Itoh, Yoshiko</au><au>Watanabe, Takao</au><au>Takenaka, Katsunobu</au><au>Uehara, Shigeki</au><au>Yang, Hye-Ran</au><au>Kim, Min-Young</au><au>Moon, Chan-Seok</au><au>Kim, Hae-Sook</au><au>Wang, Peiyu</au><au>Liu, Aiping</au><au>Hung, Nguyen Ngoc</au><au>Koizumi, Akio</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Detection of dicofol and related pesticides in human breast milk from China, Korea and Japan</atitle><jtitle>Chemosphere (Oxford)</jtitle><addtitle>Chemosphere</addtitle><date>2011</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>82</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>25</spage><epage>31</epage><pages>25-31</pages><issn>0045-6535</issn><eissn>1879-1298</eissn><coden>CMSHAF</coden><abstract>Previously, we demonstrated that the concentrations of DDTs were greater in breast milk collected from Chinese mothers than from Japanese and Korean mothers. To investigate dicofol as a possible source of the DDTs in human breast milk, we collected breast milk samples from 2007 to 2009 in China (Beijing), Korea (Seoul, Busan) and Japan (Sendai, Takarazuka and Takayama). Using these breast milk samples, we quantified the concentrations of dichlorobenzophenone, a pyrolysis product of dicofol (simply referred to as dicofol hereafter), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) using GC–MS. Overall, 12 of 14 pooled breast milk samples from 210 mothers contained detectable levels of dicofol (>0.1
ng
g
−1 lipid). The geometric mean concentration of dicofol in the Japanese breast milk samples was 0.3
ng
g
−1 lipid and significantly lower than that in Chinese (9.6
ng
g
−1 lipid) or Korean breast milk samples (1.9
ng
g
−1 lipid) (
p
<
0.05 for each). Furthermore, the ΣDDT levels in breast milk from China were 10-fold higher than those from Korea and Japan. The present results strongly suggest the presence of extensive emission sources of both dicofol and DDTs in China. However, exposure to dicofol cannot explain the large exposure of Chinese mothers to DDTs because of the trace levels of dicofol in the ΣDDTs. In the present study, dicofol was confirmed to be detectable in human breast milk. This is the first report to identify dicofol in human samples.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>21051069</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.036</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Chemosphere (Oxford), 2011, Vol.82 (1), p.25-31 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | Adult Biological and medical sciences breast milk chemical concentration China DDT (pesticide) DDT - metabolism DDTs Dicofol Dicofol - metabolism emissions Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Human milk Humans Insecticides - metabolism Japan Korea lipids Maternal Exposure - statistics & numerical data Medical sciences metabolites Milk, Human - metabolism mothers Pesticides, fertilizers and other agrochemicals toxicology pyrolysis Toxicology |
| title | Detection of dicofol and related pesticides in human breast milk from China, Korea and Japan |
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