Formant Frequency Characteristics in Normal Arabic-Speaking Jordanians
Summary This study is designed to test the acoustic characteristics of the normal Arabic voice. The subjects were 300 normal Arabic speakers (100 adult males, 100 adult females, and 100 children). The subjects produced a sustained phonation of the six steady state Arabic vowels (/i:/, /e:/, /a:/, ,...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of voice 2011-03, Vol.25 (2), p.e75-e84 |
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description | Summary This study is designed to test the acoustic characteristics of the normal Arabic voice. The subjects were 300 normal Arabic speakers (100 adult males, 100 adult females, and 100 children). The subjects produced a sustained phonation of the six steady state Arabic vowels (/i:/, /e:/, /a:/, , /o:/, and /u:/). The samples were input into the Time-Frequency Analysis Software ( TF 32). F0, F1, F2, and F3 of the six Arabic vowels were analyzed. Comparisons among speakers of Jordanian Arabic showed that males’ formant frequencies were significantly different in comparison with those of females and children. On the other hand, a significant difference was found between females and children in F1, but not in F2 or F3. Comparison with other ethnicities indicated that adult Arab males’ formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1 and F2 and a higher F3; adult Arab females’ formant frequencies showed a generally higher F1 and lower F2 and F3; whereas children formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1, F2, and F3. It is recommended that speech-language pathologists in Jordan use the new formant norms when evaluating and/or treating Jordanian Arabic speakers. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.10.018 |
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The subjects were 300 normal Arabic speakers (100 adult males, 100 adult females, and 100 children). The subjects produced a sustained phonation of the six steady state Arabic vowels (/i:/, /e:/, /a:/, , /o:/, and /u:/). The samples were input into the Time-Frequency Analysis Software ( TF 32). F0, F1, F2, and F3 of the six Arabic vowels were analyzed. Comparisons among speakers of Jordanian Arabic showed that males’ formant frequencies were significantly different in comparison with those of females and children. On the other hand, a significant difference was found between females and children in F1, but not in F2 or F3. Comparison with other ethnicities indicated that adult Arab males’ formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1 and F2 and a higher F3; adult Arab females’ formant frequencies showed a generally higher F1 and lower F2 and F3; whereas children formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1, F2, and F3. It is recommended that speech-language pathologists in Jordan use the new formant norms when evaluating and/or treating Jordanian Arabic speakers.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0892-1997</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-4588</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.10.018</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21277740</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JOVOEA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Mosby, Inc</publisher><subject>Acoustic analysis ; Acoustics ; Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Analysis ; Arabic voice ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Formant frequencies ; Humans ; Jordan ; Language ; Larynx - physiology ; Male ; Normative data ; Otolaryngology ; Phonation ; Sex Factors ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software ; Speech Acoustics ; Speech Production Measurement ; Time Factors ; Voice ; Voice Quality ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Journal of voice, 2011-03, Vol.25 (2), p.e75-e84</ispartof><rights>The Voice Foundation</rights><rights>2011 The Voice Foundation</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 The Voice Foundation. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-f0fb1dad0611d5e95ad72c510c392601e828eaceb96ab22c188eeef06c865f843</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-f0fb1dad0611d5e95ad72c510c392601e828eaceb96ab22c188eeef06c865f843</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892199710002110$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21277740$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Natour, Yaser S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marie, Basem S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saleem, Mawada A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tadros, Yacoub K</creatorcontrib><title>Formant Frequency Characteristics in Normal Arabic-Speaking Jordanians</title><title>Journal of voice</title><addtitle>J Voice</addtitle><description>Summary This study is designed to test the acoustic characteristics of the normal Arabic voice. The subjects were 300 normal Arabic speakers (100 adult males, 100 adult females, and 100 children). The subjects produced a sustained phonation of the six steady state Arabic vowels (/i:/, /e:/, /a:/, , /o:/, and /u:/). The samples were input into the Time-Frequency Analysis Software ( TF 32). F0, F1, F2, and F3 of the six Arabic vowels were analyzed. Comparisons among speakers of Jordanian Arabic showed that males’ formant frequencies were significantly different in comparison with those of females and children. On the other hand, a significant difference was found between females and children in F1, but not in F2 or F3. Comparison with other ethnicities indicated that adult Arab males’ formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1 and F2 and a higher F3; adult Arab females’ formant frequencies showed a generally higher F1 and lower F2 and F3; whereas children formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1, F2, and F3. It is recommended that speech-language pathologists in Jordan use the new formant norms when evaluating and/or treating Jordanian Arabic speakers.</description><subject>Acoustic analysis</subject><subject>Acoustics</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Arabic voice</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Formant frequencies</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Jordan</subject><subject>Language</subject><subject>Larynx - physiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Normative data</subject><subject>Otolaryngology</subject><subject>Phonation</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Software</subject><subject>Speech Acoustics</subject><subject>Speech Production Measurement</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Voice</subject><subject>Voice Quality</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0892-1997</issn><issn>1873-4588</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkk1v1DAQhi0EokvhHyAUiUO5ZJlxPuxckKoVy4cqOBTOljOZgNOss9jZSvvvcdgCUg9wsjR-5rXnfUeI5whrBKxfD-vhdnLEawm_SmtA_UCsUKsiLyutH4oV6Ebm2DTqTDyJcQAAmW4fizOJUilVwkpst1PYWT9n28A_DuzpmG2-22Bp5uDi7ChmzmefFmjMLoNtHeXXe7Y3zn_LPk6hs95ZH5-KR70dIz-7O8_F1-3bL5v3-dXndx82l1c5lUrNeQ99i53toEbsKm4q2ylJFQIVjawBWUvNlrhtattKSag1M_dQk66rXpfFubg46e7DlL4bZ7NzkXgcrefpEI2uykJpVVWJfPVPEqFI9pQlFgl9eQ8dpkPwaY5EIUhITi2C5YmiMMUYuDf74HY2HBO0cLUZzCkRsySyVFMiqe3Fnfih3XH3p-l3BAl4cwI4-XbrOJhILgXBnQtMs-km978X7gvQ6LwjO97wkePfWUyUBsz1shXLUuCyD5h8-AniFbHd</recordid><startdate>20110301</startdate><enddate>20110301</enddate><creator>Natour, Yaser S</creator><creator>Marie, Basem S</creator><creator>Saleem, Mawada A</creator><creator>Tadros, Yacoub K</creator><general>Mosby, Inc</general><general>Elsevier Science Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T9</scope><scope>8BM</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110301</creationdate><title>Formant Frequency Characteristics in Normal Arabic-Speaking Jordanians</title><author>Natour, Yaser S ; Marie, Basem S ; Saleem, Mawada A ; Tadros, Yacoub K</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-f0fb1dad0611d5e95ad72c510c392601e828eaceb96ab22c188eeef06c865f843</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Acoustic analysis</topic><topic>Acoustics</topic><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Arabic voice</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Formant frequencies</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Jordan</topic><topic>Language</topic><topic>Larynx - physiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Normative data</topic><topic>Otolaryngology</topic><topic>Phonation</topic><topic>Sex Factors</topic><topic>Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted</topic><topic>Software</topic><topic>Speech Acoustics</topic><topic>Speech Production Measurement</topic><topic>Time Factors</topic><topic>Voice</topic><topic>Voice Quality</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Natour, Yaser S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marie, Basem S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saleem, Mawada A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tadros, Yacoub K</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts (LLBA)</collection><collection>ComDisDome</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of voice</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Natour, Yaser S</au><au>Marie, Basem S</au><au>Saleem, Mawada A</au><au>Tadros, Yacoub K</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Formant Frequency Characteristics in Normal Arabic-Speaking Jordanians</atitle><jtitle>Journal of voice</jtitle><addtitle>J Voice</addtitle><date>2011-03-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>e75</spage><epage>e84</epage><pages>e75-e84</pages><issn>0892-1997</issn><eissn>1873-4588</eissn><coden>JOVOEA</coden><abstract>Summary This study is designed to test the acoustic characteristics of the normal Arabic voice. The subjects were 300 normal Arabic speakers (100 adult males, 100 adult females, and 100 children). The subjects produced a sustained phonation of the six steady state Arabic vowels (/i:/, /e:/, /a:/, , /o:/, and /u:/). The samples were input into the Time-Frequency Analysis Software ( TF 32). F0, F1, F2, and F3 of the six Arabic vowels were analyzed. Comparisons among speakers of Jordanian Arabic showed that males’ formant frequencies were significantly different in comparison with those of females and children. On the other hand, a significant difference was found between females and children in F1, but not in F2 or F3. Comparison with other ethnicities indicated that adult Arab males’ formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1 and F2 and a higher F3; adult Arab females’ formant frequencies showed a generally higher F1 and lower F2 and F3; whereas children formant frequencies showed a generally lower F1, F2, and F3. It is recommended that speech-language pathologists in Jordan use the new formant norms when evaluating and/or treating Jordanian Arabic speakers.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Mosby, Inc</pub><pmid>21277740</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.10.018</doi></addata></record> |
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subjects | Acoustic analysis Acoustics Adolescent Age Factors Analysis Arabic voice Biomechanical Phenomena Child Child, Preschool Female Formant frequencies Humans Jordan Language Larynx - physiology Male Normative data Otolaryngology Phonation Sex Factors Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted Software Speech Acoustics Speech Production Measurement Time Factors Voice Voice Quality Young Adult |
title | Formant Frequency Characteristics in Normal Arabic-Speaking Jordanians |
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