Minimum Number of Throws Needed for Knot Security
Objective The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal number of throws to ensure knot security. Study Design Knots were tied with 3, 4, 5, or 6 square throws with 0-gauge coated polyester, polydioxanone, polypropylene, and polyglactin 910. The suture was soaked in 0.9% sodium chloride and...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of surgical education 2011-03, Vol.68 (2), p.130-133 |
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| container_title | Journal of surgical education |
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| creator | Muffly, Tyler M., MD Kow, Nathan, MD Iqbal, Imran, MD Barber, Matthew D., MD |
| description | Objective The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal number of throws to ensure knot security. Study Design Knots were tied with 3, 4, 5, or 6 square throws with 0-gauge coated polyester, polydioxanone, polypropylene, and polyglactin 910. The suture was soaked in 0.9% sodium chloride and subsequently transferred to a tensiometer and broken. Results A total of 225 knots were tied. Regardless of the suture type, tension at failure for knots with 4 throws, 5 throws, and 6 throws was higher than tension at failure of knots with only 3 throws (p < 0.05 for each). We found no difference in the tensile strength between knots with 4, 5, or 6 throws (p > 0.05 for each). Knots with 4 throws were significantly more likely to come untied than knots with 5 or 6 throws (p < 0.01). Conclusions Under laboratory conditions, the ideal knot has 5 throws to maximize tensile strength and rate of untying. This finding does not seem to vary by type of suture material. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jsurg.2010.11.001 |
| format | Article |
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Study Design Knots were tied with 3, 4, 5, or 6 square throws with 0-gauge coated polyester, polydioxanone, polypropylene, and polyglactin 910. The suture was soaked in 0.9% sodium chloride and subsequently transferred to a tensiometer and broken. Results A total of 225 knots were tied. Regardless of the suture type, tension at failure for knots with 4 throws, 5 throws, and 6 throws was higher than tension at failure of knots with only 3 throws (p < 0.05 for each). We found no difference in the tensile strength between knots with 4, 5, or 6 throws (p > 0.05 for each). Knots with 4 throws were significantly more likely to come untied than knots with 5 or 6 throws (p < 0.01). Conclusions Under laboratory conditions, the ideal knot has 5 throws to maximize tensile strength and rate of untying. This finding does not seem to vary by type of suture material.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1931-7204</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1878-7452</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2010.11.001</identifier><identifier>PMID: 21338970</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Humans ; Materials Testing ; Medical Knowledge ; Patient Care ; polyglactin 910 ; Practice Based Learning ; Safety Management ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Surgery ; Surgical Wound Dehiscence - prevention & control ; suture end length ; suture techniques ; Suture Techniques - adverse effects ; Suture Techniques - standards ; Sutures - adverse effects ; Sutures - standards ; Tensile Strength</subject><ispartof>Journal of surgical education, 2011-03, Vol.68 (2), p.130-133</ispartof><rights>Association of Program Directors in Surgery</rights><rights>2011 Association of Program Directors in Surgery</rights><rights>Copyright © 2011 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c413t-68c3bf94ad9c916f467478f36776af1497d95803df1035f33a02e84047c1cf1a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c413t-68c3bf94ad9c916f467478f36776af1497d95803df1035f33a02e84047c1cf1a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931720410002850$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21338970$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Muffly, Tyler M., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kow, Nathan, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iqbal, Imran, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barber, Matthew D., MD</creatorcontrib><title>Minimum Number of Throws Needed for Knot Security</title><title>Journal of surgical education</title><addtitle>J Surg Educ</addtitle><description>Objective The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal number of throws to ensure knot security. Study Design Knots were tied with 3, 4, 5, or 6 square throws with 0-gauge coated polyester, polydioxanone, polypropylene, and polyglactin 910. The suture was soaked in 0.9% sodium chloride and subsequently transferred to a tensiometer and broken. Results A total of 225 knots were tied. Regardless of the suture type, tension at failure for knots with 4 throws, 5 throws, and 6 throws was higher than tension at failure of knots with only 3 throws (p < 0.05 for each). We found no difference in the tensile strength between knots with 4, 5, or 6 throws (p > 0.05 for each). Knots with 4 throws were significantly more likely to come untied than knots with 5 or 6 throws (p < 0.01). Conclusions Under laboratory conditions, the ideal knot has 5 throws to maximize tensile strength and rate of untying. This finding does not seem to vary by type of suture material.</description><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Medical Knowledge</subject><subject>Patient Care</subject><subject>polyglactin 910</subject><subject>Practice Based Learning</subject><subject>Safety Management</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Surgical Wound Dehiscence - prevention & control</subject><subject>suture end length</subject><subject>suture techniques</subject><subject>Suture Techniques - adverse effects</subject><subject>Suture Techniques - standards</subject><subject>Sutures - adverse effects</subject><subject>Sutures - standards</subject><subject>Tensile Strength</subject><issn>1931-7204</issn><issn>1878-7452</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1u1TAQhS0EakvpEyCh7FjlMmM7sb0ACVWFVvRn0bK2cp0xOCRxsROq-_Yk3MKiG1YzGp0zo_kOY68RNghYv-s2XZ7Ttw2HdYIbAHzGjlArXSpZ8edLbwSWioM8ZC9z7gAqabg5YIcchdBGwRHDqzCGYR6K63nYUiqiL-6-p_iQi2uiltrCx1R8GeNU3JKbU5h2r9gL3_SZTh7rMfv66ezu9Ly8vPl8cfrxsnQSxVTW2omtN7JpjTNYe1krqbQXtVJ141Ea1ZpKg2g9gqi8EA1w0hKkcug8NuKYvd3vvU_x50x5skPIjvq-GSnO2epKSMWNrBal2Ctdijkn8vY-haFJO4tgV1S2s39Q2RWVRbQLqsX15nH_vB2o_ef5y2YRvN8LaPnyV6Bksws0OmpDIjfZNob_HPjwxO_6BbZr-h-0o9zFOY0LQIs2cwv2dk1rDQsBgOsKxG87do3I</recordid><startdate>20110301</startdate><enddate>20110301</enddate><creator>Muffly, Tyler M., MD</creator><creator>Kow, Nathan, MD</creator><creator>Iqbal, Imran, MD</creator><creator>Barber, Matthew D., MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110301</creationdate><title>Minimum Number of Throws Needed for Knot Security</title><author>Muffly, Tyler M., MD ; Kow, Nathan, MD ; Iqbal, Imran, MD ; Barber, Matthew D., MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c413t-68c3bf94ad9c916f467478f36776af1497d95803df1035f33a02e84047c1cf1a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Materials Testing</topic><topic>Medical Knowledge</topic><topic>Patient Care</topic><topic>polyglactin 910</topic><topic>Practice Based Learning</topic><topic>Safety Management</topic><topic>Sensitivity and Specificity</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Surgical Wound Dehiscence - prevention & control</topic><topic>suture end length</topic><topic>suture techniques</topic><topic>Suture Techniques - adverse effects</topic><topic>Suture Techniques - standards</topic><topic>Sutures - adverse effects</topic><topic>Sutures - standards</topic><topic>Tensile Strength</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Muffly, Tyler M., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kow, Nathan, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iqbal, Imran, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Barber, Matthew D., MD</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of surgical education</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Muffly, Tyler M., MD</au><au>Kow, Nathan, MD</au><au>Iqbal, Imran, MD</au><au>Barber, Matthew D., MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Minimum Number of Throws Needed for Knot Security</atitle><jtitle>Journal of surgical education</jtitle><addtitle>J Surg Educ</addtitle><date>2011-03-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>68</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>130</spage><epage>133</epage><pages>130-133</pages><issn>1931-7204</issn><eissn>1878-7452</eissn><abstract>Objective The purpose of the study was to determine the optimal number of throws to ensure knot security. Study Design Knots were tied with 3, 4, 5, or 6 square throws with 0-gauge coated polyester, polydioxanone, polypropylene, and polyglactin 910. The suture was soaked in 0.9% sodium chloride and subsequently transferred to a tensiometer and broken. Results A total of 225 knots were tied. Regardless of the suture type, tension at failure for knots with 4 throws, 5 throws, and 6 throws was higher than tension at failure of knots with only 3 throws (p < 0.05 for each). We found no difference in the tensile strength between knots with 4, 5, or 6 throws (p > 0.05 for each). Knots with 4 throws were significantly more likely to come untied than knots with 5 or 6 throws (p < 0.01). Conclusions Under laboratory conditions, the ideal knot has 5 throws to maximize tensile strength and rate of untying. This finding does not seem to vary by type of suture material.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>21338970</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jsurg.2010.11.001</doi><tpages>4</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of surgical education, 2011-03, Vol.68 (2), p.130-133 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Humans Materials Testing Medical Knowledge Patient Care polyglactin 910 Practice Based Learning Safety Management Sensitivity and Specificity Surgery Surgical Wound Dehiscence - prevention & control suture end length suture techniques Suture Techniques - adverse effects Suture Techniques - standards Sutures - adverse effects Sutures - standards Tensile Strength |
| title | Minimum Number of Throws Needed for Knot Security |
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