Respiratory protein–generated reactive oxygen species as an antimicrobial strategy
The evolution of the host-pathogen relationship comprises a series of invasive-defensive tactics elicited by both participants. The stereotype is that the antimicrobial immune response requires multistep processes. Little is known about the primordial immunosurveillance system, which probably has co...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature Immunology 2007-10, Vol.8 (10), p.1114-1122 |
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| creator | Jiang, Naxin Tan, Nguan Soon Ho, Bow Ding, Jeak Ling |
| description | The evolution of the host-pathogen relationship comprises a series of invasive-defensive tactics elicited by both participants. The stereotype is that the antimicrobial immune response requires multistep processes. Little is known about the primordial immunosurveillance system, which probably has components that directly link sensors and effectors. Here we found that the respiratory proteins of both the horseshoe crab and human were directly activated by microbial proteases and were enhanced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, resulting in the production of more reactive oxygen species. Hemolytic virulent pathogens, which produce proteases as invasive factors, are more susceptible to this killing mechanism. This 'shortcut' antimicrobial strategy represents a fundamental and universal mode of immunosurveillance, which has been in existence since before the split of protostomes and deuterostomes and still persists today. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/ni1501 |
| format | Article |
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The stereotype is that the antimicrobial immune response requires multistep processes. Little is known about the primordial immunosurveillance system, which probably has components that directly link sensors and effectors. Here we found that the respiratory proteins of both the horseshoe crab and human were directly activated by microbial proteases and were enhanced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, resulting in the production of more reactive oxygen species. Hemolytic virulent pathogens, which produce proteases as invasive factors, are more susceptible to this killing mechanism. 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The stereotype is that the antimicrobial immune response requires multistep processes. Little is known about the primordial immunosurveillance system, which probably has components that directly link sensors and effectors. Here we found that the respiratory proteins of both the horseshoe crab and human were directly activated by microbial proteases and were enhanced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns, resulting in the production of more reactive oxygen species. Hemolytic virulent pathogens, which produce proteases as invasive factors, are more susceptible to this killing mechanism. This 'shortcut' antimicrobial strategy represents a fundamental and universal mode of immunosurveillance, which has been in existence since before the split of protostomes and deuterostomes and still persists today.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacterial proteins</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Blood Bactericidal Activity</subject><subject>Decapoda</subject><subject>Enzyme Activation</subject><subject>Enzyme Precursors - metabolism</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hemocyanins - physiology</subject><subject>Hemoglobins - physiology</subject><subject>Horseshoe Crabs</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immunity, Innate</subject><subject>Immunology</subject><subject>Immunopathology</subject><subject>Infectious Diseases</subject><subject>Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism</subject><subject>Oxygen</subject><subject>Pathogens</subject><subject>Properties</subject><subject>Quinone</subject><subject>Reactive Oxygen Species - 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| subjects | Animals Bacterial proteins Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Blood Bactericidal Activity Decapoda Enzyme Activation Enzyme Precursors - metabolism Evaluation Health aspects Hemocyanins - physiology Hemoglobins - physiology Horseshoe Crabs Humans Immune response Immunity, Innate Immunology Immunopathology Infectious Diseases Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism Oxygen Pathogens Properties Quinone Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Sensors |
| title | Respiratory protein–generated reactive oxygen species as an antimicrobial strategy |
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