Two dimensional ultrasound scanning of excised brains—I. Normal anatomy

This study demonstrated techniques for visualization of detailed brain anatomy with two dimensional ultrasound. The use of large aperture focused ultrasound transceivers appears to be essential for displaying the outlines of thalamus, internal capsule and substantial nigra in addition to those of the ventricles. The ability to vary grey scale and edge enhancement using either linear or logarithmic amplification through a scan converter assisted in identification of anatomical structural detail. It was most clearly visualized when the images were displayed with accentuation of edge enhancement. Brain position during ultrasound scanning was also important for maximal visualization of structural detail. Anatomical studies are useful in clinical application of two dimensional ultrasound brain visualization, to assure maximum diagnostic information with minimum scan time. The development of ultrasound diagnostic instruments and techniques is expected to add valuable information to computer assisted tomography, isotope brain scanning and cerebral angiography in the management of brain disorders, particularly in infants.