Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modeling of alterations in coronary wall shear stress produced by stent implantation

Rates of coronary restenosis after stent implantation vary with stent design. Recent evidence suggests that alterations in wall shear stress associated with different stent types and changes in local vessel geometry after implantation may account for this disparity. We tested the hypothesis that wal...

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Veröffentlicht in:Annals of biomedical engineering 2003-09, Vol.31 (8), p.972-980
Hauptverfasser: LaDisa, Jr, John F, Guler, Ismail, Olson, Lars E, Hettrick, Douglas A, Kersten, Judy R, Warltier, David C, Pagel, Paul S
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container_end_page 980
container_issue 8
container_start_page 972
container_title Annals of biomedical engineering
container_volume 31
creator LaDisa, Jr, John F
Guler, Ismail
Olson, Lars E
Hettrick, Douglas A
Kersten, Judy R
Warltier, David C
Pagel, Paul S
description Rates of coronary restenosis after stent implantation vary with stent design. Recent evidence suggests that alterations in wall shear stress associated with different stent types and changes in local vessel geometry after implantation may account for this disparity. We tested the hypothesis that wall shear stress is altered in a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model after coronary implantation of a 16 mm slotted-tube stent during simulations of resting blood flow and maximal vasodilation. Canine left anterior descending coronary artery blood flow velocity and interior diameter were used to construct CFD models and evaluate wall shear stress proximal and distal to and within the stented region. Channeling of adjacent blood layers due to stent geometry had a profound affect on wall shear stress. Stagnation zones were localized around stent struts. Minimum wall shear stress decreased by 77% in stented compared to unstented vessels. Regions of low wall shear stress were extended at the stent outlet and localized to regions where adjacent axial strut spacing was minimized and the circumferential distance between struts was greatest within the stent. The present results depict alterations in wall shear stress caused by a slotted-tube stent and support the hypothesis that stent geometry may be a risk factor for restenosis by affecting local wall shear stress distributions.
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subjects Adenosine - pharmacology
Alterations
Animals
Arteries - drug effects
Arteries - physiopathology
Arteries - surgery
Biomedical engineering
Blood flow
Blood Flow Velocity
Blood Vessel Prosthesis
Computational fluid dynamics
Computer Simulation
Coronary Vessels - drug effects
Coronary Vessels - physiopathology
Coronary Vessels - surgery
Dogs
Flow velocity
Fluid dynamics
Geometry
Hemorheology - methods
Hydrodynamics
Implantation
Mathematical models
Models, Cardiovascular
Pulmonary arteries
Risk factors
Shear Strength
Shear stress
Stents
Struts
Surgical implants
Vasodilator Agents - pharmacology
Wall shear stresses
title Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modeling of alterations in coronary wall shear stress produced by stent implantation
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