Influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport in the arterial wall
The accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the important factors in atherogenesis. Two different time scales may influence LDL transport in vivo: (1) LDL transport is coupled to blood flow with a pulse cycle of around 1 s in humans; (2) LDL transport within the arterial wall is medi...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Annals of biomedical engineering 2007-10, Vol.35 (10), p.1782-1790 |
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| creator | Sun, Nanfeng Wood, Nigel B Hughes, Alun D Thom, Simon A M Xu, X Yun |
| description | The accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the important factors in atherogenesis. Two different time scales may influence LDL transport in vivo: (1) LDL transport is coupled to blood flow with a pulse cycle of around 1 s in humans; (2) LDL transport within the arterial wall is mediated by transmural flow in the order of 10(-8) m/s. Most existing models have assumed steady flow conditions and overlooked the interactions between physical phenomena with different time scales. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport and examine the validity of steady flow assumption. The effect of pulsatile flow on transmural transport was incorporated by using a lumen-free cyclic (LFC) and a lumen-free time-averaged (LFTA) procedures. It is found that the steady flow simulation predicted a focal distribution in the post-stenotic region, differing from the diffuse distribution pattern produced by the pulsatile flow simulation. The LFTA procedure, in which time-averaged shear-dependent transport properties calculated from instantaneous wall shear stress (WSS) were used, predicted a similar distribution pattern to the LFC simulations. We conclude that the steady flow assumption is inadequate and instantaneous hemodynamic conditions have important influence on LDL transmural transport in arterial geometries with disturbed and complicated flow patterns. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10439-007-9347-1 |
| format | Article |
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Two different time scales may influence LDL transport in vivo: (1) LDL transport is coupled to blood flow with a pulse cycle of around 1 s in humans; (2) LDL transport within the arterial wall is mediated by transmural flow in the order of 10(-8) m/s. Most existing models have assumed steady flow conditions and overlooked the interactions between physical phenomena with different time scales. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport and examine the validity of steady flow assumption. The effect of pulsatile flow on transmural transport was incorporated by using a lumen-free cyclic (LFC) and a lumen-free time-averaged (LFTA) procedures. It is found that the steady flow simulation predicted a focal distribution in the post-stenotic region, differing from the diffuse distribution pattern produced by the pulsatile flow simulation. The LFTA procedure, in which time-averaged shear-dependent transport properties calculated from instantaneous wall shear stress (WSS) were used, predicted a similar distribution pattern to the LFC simulations. We conclude that the steady flow assumption is inadequate and instantaneous hemodynamic conditions have important influence on LDL transmural transport in arterial geometries with disturbed and complicated flow patterns.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-6964</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-9686</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10439-007-9347-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17629792</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Springer Nature B.V</publisher><subject>Animals ; Arteries - physiology ; Biological Transport, Active ; Biomedical materials ; Blood flow ; Blood Pressure - physiology ; Capillary Permeability - physiology ; Computer Simulation ; Diffusion ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, LDL - metabolism ; Mathematical models ; Models, Cardiovascular ; Pulsatile Flow - physiology ; Shear stress ; Simulation ; Steady flow ; Surgical implants ; Transport ; Wall shear stresses</subject><ispartof>Annals of biomedical engineering, 2007-10, Vol.35 (10), p.1782-1790</ispartof><rights>Biomedical Engineering Society 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-eefdfb90ac016baeb662ab60778cf3b4cc6870ed77ee2cd7f66a3c25f97018543</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-eefdfb90ac016baeb662ab60778cf3b4cc6870ed77ee2cd7f66a3c25f97018543</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27903,27904</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17629792$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Sun, Nanfeng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wood, Nigel B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hughes, Alun D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thom, Simon A M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, X Yun</creatorcontrib><title>Influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport in the arterial wall</title><title>Annals of biomedical engineering</title><addtitle>Ann Biomed Eng</addtitle><description>The accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the important factors in atherogenesis. Two different time scales may influence LDL transport in vivo: (1) LDL transport is coupled to blood flow with a pulse cycle of around 1 s in humans; (2) LDL transport within the arterial wall is mediated by transmural flow in the order of 10(-8) m/s. Most existing models have assumed steady flow conditions and overlooked the interactions between physical phenomena with different time scales. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport and examine the validity of steady flow assumption. The effect of pulsatile flow on transmural transport was incorporated by using a lumen-free cyclic (LFC) and a lumen-free time-averaged (LFTA) procedures. It is found that the steady flow simulation predicted a focal distribution in the post-stenotic region, differing from the diffuse distribution pattern produced by the pulsatile flow simulation. The LFTA procedure, in which time-averaged shear-dependent transport properties calculated from instantaneous wall shear stress (WSS) were used, predicted a similar distribution pattern to the LFC simulations. We conclude that the steady flow assumption is inadequate and instantaneous hemodynamic conditions have important influence on LDL transmural transport in arterial geometries with disturbed and complicated flow patterns.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Arteries - physiology</subject><subject>Biological Transport, Active</subject><subject>Biomedical materials</subject><subject>Blood flow</subject><subject>Blood Pressure - physiology</subject><subject>Capillary Permeability - physiology</subject><subject>Computer Simulation</subject><subject>Diffusion</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Lipoproteins, LDL - metabolism</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>Models, Cardiovascular</subject><subject>Pulsatile Flow - physiology</subject><subject>Shear stress</subject><subject>Simulation</subject><subject>Steady flow</subject><subject>Surgical implants</subject><subject>Transport</subject><subject>Wall shear stresses</subject><issn>0090-6964</issn><issn>1573-9686</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0k1r3DAQBmBRGppt2h_QSxE9tL04nZGskXQM6VdgIZf0LGStRB209layCfn3tdmFQg_JSXN4ZgQzL2PvEC4RQH-pCK20zVI2Vra6wRdsg0rLxpKhl2wDYKEhS-05e13rPQCikeoVO0dNwmorNuzqZkh5jkOIfEz8MOfqpz5HnvL4wMeBb79u-VT8UA9jmXg_8Ol35L5MsfQ-8wef8xt2lnyu8e3pvWC_vn-7u_7ZbG9_3FxfbZvQKjk1MaZd6iz4AEidjx2R8B2B1iYk2bUhkNEQd1rHKMJOJyIvg1DJakCjWnnBPh3nHsr4Z451cvu-hpizH-I4V2ckopYoV_nxSUlGGK2BnoVyWRhaa5-FApQFodevPz8JkTRKZY2BhX74j96PcxmWFTqtiBRZJRaERxTKWGuJyR1Kv_fl0SG4NQPumAG3lmsGHC4970-D524fd_86TkeXfwH8h6pO</recordid><startdate>20071001</startdate><enddate>20071001</enddate><creator>Sun, Nanfeng</creator><creator>Wood, Nigel B</creator><creator>Hughes, Alun D</creator><creator>Thom, Simon A M</creator><creator>Xu, X Yun</creator><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20071001</creationdate><title>Influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport in the arterial wall</title><author>Sun, Nanfeng ; Wood, Nigel B ; Hughes, Alun D ; Thom, Simon A M ; Xu, X Yun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-eefdfb90ac016baeb662ab60778cf3b4cc6870ed77ee2cd7f66a3c25f97018543</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Arteries - 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Annals of biomedical engineering</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Sun, Nanfeng</au><au>Wood, Nigel B</au><au>Hughes, Alun D</au><au>Thom, Simon A M</au><au>Xu, X Yun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport in the arterial wall</atitle><jtitle>Annals of biomedical engineering</jtitle><addtitle>Ann Biomed Eng</addtitle><date>2007-10-01</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1782</spage><epage>1790</epage><pages>1782-1790</pages><issn>0090-6964</issn><eissn>1573-9686</eissn><abstract>The accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the important factors in atherogenesis. Two different time scales may influence LDL transport in vivo: (1) LDL transport is coupled to blood flow with a pulse cycle of around 1 s in humans; (2) LDL transport within the arterial wall is mediated by transmural flow in the order of 10(-8) m/s. Most existing models have assumed steady flow conditions and overlooked the interactions between physical phenomena with different time scales. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport and examine the validity of steady flow assumption. The effect of pulsatile flow on transmural transport was incorporated by using a lumen-free cyclic (LFC) and a lumen-free time-averaged (LFTA) procedures. It is found that the steady flow simulation predicted a focal distribution in the post-stenotic region, differing from the diffuse distribution pattern produced by the pulsatile flow simulation. The LFTA procedure, in which time-averaged shear-dependent transport properties calculated from instantaneous wall shear stress (WSS) were used, predicted a similar distribution pattern to the LFC simulations. We conclude that the steady flow assumption is inadequate and instantaneous hemodynamic conditions have important influence on LDL transmural transport in arterial geometries with disturbed and complicated flow patterns.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Springer Nature B.V</pub><pmid>17629792</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10439-007-9347-1</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Annals of biomedical engineering, 2007-10, Vol.35 (10), p.1782-1790 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals |
| subjects | Animals Arteries - physiology Biological Transport, Active Biomedical materials Blood flow Blood Pressure - physiology Capillary Permeability - physiology Computer Simulation Diffusion Humans Lipoproteins, LDL - metabolism Mathematical models Models, Cardiovascular Pulsatile Flow - physiology Shear stress Simulation Steady flow Surgical implants Transport Wall shear stresses |
| title | Influence of pulsatile flow on LDL transport in the arterial wall |
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