Bifocal lens control of myopic progression in children
Bifocal spectacle lenses have been used as a strategy to slow myopic progression in children since the 1950s and perhaps earlier. The reported success of this strategy varies greatly, as does the design of studies reporting the outcomes of their use-from earlier retrospective analysis of records to...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical and experimental optometry 2011-01, Vol.94 (1), p.24-32 |
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| container_title | Clinical and experimental optometry |
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| creator | Cheng, Desmond Woo, George C Schmid, Katrina L |
| description | Bifocal spectacle lenses have been used as a strategy to slow myopic progression in children since the 1950s and perhaps earlier. The reported success of this strategy varies greatly, as does the design of studies reporting the outcomes of their use-from earlier retrospective analysis of records to later prospective clinical trials. Collectively, published data support the suggestion that bifocal lenses inhibit myopic development in children but only by a small amount and only in a subset of children. Possible reasons for the greatly varying outcomes include a lack of individualism of the treatment and failure to take the vergence system into account. This review summarises the results of bifocal and multifocal studies, describes how accommodation, convergence and their interaction are linked to myopic development and details how a bifocal treatment that takes this into account may be devised. Also discussed is whether alterations to peripheral retinal blur contribute to bifocal lens effects. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2010.00510.x |
| format | Article |
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The reported success of this strategy varies greatly, as does the design of studies reporting the outcomes of their use-from earlier retrospective analysis of records to later prospective clinical trials. Collectively, published data support the suggestion that bifocal lenses inhibit myopic development in children but only by a small amount and only in a subset of children. Possible reasons for the greatly varying outcomes include a lack of individualism of the treatment and failure to take the vergence system into account. This review summarises the results of bifocal and multifocal studies, describes how accommodation, convergence and their interaction are linked to myopic development and details how a bifocal treatment that takes this into account may be devised. 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Clinical and Experimental Optometry © 2010 Optometrists Association Australia.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4770-ca6615665fcba170a4475e9ee375795862536f37a6afb7af6261a55d9e16fad63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4770-ca6615665fcba170a4475e9ee375795862536f37a6afb7af6261a55d9e16fad63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fj.1444-0938.2010.00510.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fj.1444-0938.2010.00510.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20718785$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Desmond</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Woo, George C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmid, Katrina L</creatorcontrib><title>Bifocal lens control of myopic progression in children</title><title>Clinical and experimental optometry</title><addtitle>Clin Exp Optom</addtitle><description>Bifocal spectacle lenses have been used as a strategy to slow myopic progression in children since the 1950s and perhaps earlier. The reported success of this strategy varies greatly, as does the design of studies reporting the outcomes of their use-from earlier retrospective analysis of records to later prospective clinical trials. Collectively, published data support the suggestion that bifocal lenses inhibit myopic development in children but only by a small amount and only in a subset of children. Possible reasons for the greatly varying outcomes include a lack of individualism of the treatment and failure to take the vergence system into account. This review summarises the results of bifocal and multifocal studies, describes how accommodation, convergence and their interaction are linked to myopic development and details how a bifocal treatment that takes this into account may be devised. Also discussed is whether alterations to peripheral retinal blur contribute to bifocal lens effects.</description><subject>Accommodation, Ocular</subject><subject>bifocal spectacle lens</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>children</subject><subject>Convergence, Ocular</subject><subject>Disease Progression</subject><subject>Equipment Design</subject><subject>Eyeglasses - standards</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>myopia</subject><subject>Myopia - drug therapy</subject><subject>Myopia - physiopathology</subject><subject>Myopia - rehabilitation</subject><subject>near work</subject><subject>Optometry - methods</subject><subject>Professional Practice</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><subject>vergence</subject><issn>0816-4622</issn><issn>1444-0938</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2011</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkE1PAyEQhonR2Fr9C2ZvnrYCy8du4kU3fiVNetHEG6EsKA27VGjT7r-XutqrzmGGDO87DA8AGYJTlOJ6OUWEkBxWRTnFMHUhpCnvjsD4cHEMxrBELCcM4xE4i3EJISZFRU7BCEOOSl7SMWB31nglXeZ0FzPlu3XwLvMma3u_sipbBf8edIzWd5ntMvVhXRN0dw5OjHRRX_zUCXh9uH-pn_LZ_PG5vp3linAOcyUZQ5QxatRCIg4lIZzqSuuCU17RkmFaMFNwyaRZcGkYZkhS2lQaMSMbVkzA1TA37fG50XEtWhuVdk522m-iKDGmlJL0rwkoB6UKPsagjVgF28rQCwTFHppYij0bsWcj9tDENzSxS9bLn0c2i1Y3B-MvpSS4GQRb63T_78GifpunQ7LXg912xodWbn1wjVjL3vlgguyUjaL4c8svJl2PCQ</recordid><startdate>20110101</startdate><enddate>20110101</enddate><creator>Cheng, Desmond</creator><creator>Woo, George C</creator><creator>Schmid, Katrina L</creator><general>Taylor & Francis</general><general>Blackwell Publishing Asia</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20110101</creationdate><title>Bifocal lens control of myopic progression in children</title><author>Cheng, Desmond ; Woo, George C ; Schmid, Katrina L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4770-ca6615665fcba170a4475e9ee375795862536f37a6afb7af6261a55d9e16fad63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Accommodation, Ocular</topic><topic>bifocal spectacle lens</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>children</topic><topic>Convergence, Ocular</topic><topic>Disease Progression</topic><topic>Equipment Design</topic><topic>Eyeglasses - standards</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>myopia</topic><topic>Myopia - drug therapy</topic><topic>Myopia - physiopathology</topic><topic>Myopia - rehabilitation</topic><topic>near work</topic><topic>Optometry - methods</topic><topic>Professional Practice</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><topic>vergence</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Desmond</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Woo, George C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmid, Katrina L</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Clinical and experimental optometry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Cheng, Desmond</au><au>Woo, George C</au><au>Schmid, Katrina L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Bifocal lens control of myopic progression in children</atitle><jtitle>Clinical and experimental optometry</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Exp Optom</addtitle><date>2011-01-01</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>94</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>24</spage><epage>32</epage><pages>24-32</pages><issn>0816-4622</issn><eissn>1444-0938</eissn><abstract>Bifocal spectacle lenses have been used as a strategy to slow myopic progression in children since the 1950s and perhaps earlier. 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| identifier | ISSN: 0816-4622 |
| ispartof | Clinical and experimental optometry, 2011-01, Vol.94 (1), p.24-32 |
| issn | 0816-4622 1444-0938 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Accommodation, Ocular bifocal spectacle lens Child children Convergence, Ocular Disease Progression Equipment Design Eyeglasses - standards Humans myopia Myopia - drug therapy Myopia - physiopathology Myopia - rehabilitation near work Optometry - methods Professional Practice Prospective Studies Retrospective Studies Treatment Outcome vergence |
| title | Bifocal lens control of myopic progression in children |
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