Use of Logarithms to the Base 2 in recording Serological Reactions
The expression of dilution titres for serological reactions frequently requires the use of large numbers. In cases where the antibody content of an immune serum is high, the conventional means of recording the titre may be misleading ; that is, the difference between a titre of 1 : 10,240 and 1 : 20...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Nature (London) 1957-12, Vol.180 (4598), p.1363-1363 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 1363 |
---|---|
container_issue | 4598 |
container_start_page | 1363 |
container_title | Nature (London) |
container_volume | 180 |
creator | VENNES, JOHN W. MACDONALD, RUSSELL E. GERHARDT, PHILIPP |
description | The expression of dilution titres for serological reactions frequently requires the use of large numbers. In cases where the antibody content of an immune serum is high, the conventional means of recording the titre may be misleading ; that is, the difference between a titre of 1 : 10,240 and 1 : 20,480 seemingly is greater than that between 1 : 40 and 1 : 80 but both represent only a single dilution step in the usual procedure and have the same degree of precision. Since serological procedures usually involve serial twofold dilutions, the resulting titres are exponential functions of 2. Consequently, we suggest the simple expedient of using logarithms to the base 2 (log
2
) to express serological titration data. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1038/1801363a0 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_82048029</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>82048029</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-b1da1c6c2c563fb00d306e61890753e9609574c2a4b170c22869adbfaf9571543</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNptkEtLw0AUhQdRbK0u_AMyK0EheueZydIWX1AQ1K7DZDJJU5JMnUkW_vuOtOjG1YVzPj64B6FLAncEmLonCgiTTMMRmhKeyoRLlR6jKQBVCSgmJ-gshA0ACJLyUzQhjGdMUDFF81Ww2FV46Wrtm2HdBTw4PKwtnuvYUNz02FvjfNn0Nf6w3rWuboxu8bvVZmhcH87RSaXbYC8Od4ZWT4-fi5dk-fb8unhYJoYJNiQFKTUx0lAjJKsKgJKBtJKoDFLBbCYhEyk3VPOCpGAoVTLTZVHpKuZEcDZD13vv1ruv0YYh75pgbNvq3rox5IoCV0CzCN7sQeNdCN5W-dY3nfbfOYH8Z7D8d7DIXh2kY9HZ8o88LBSB2z0QYtXX1ucbN_o-PvqPbQc863Cd</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>82048029</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Use of Logarithms to the Base 2 in recording Serological Reactions</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals</source><source>Nature Journals Online</source><creator>VENNES, JOHN W. ; MACDONALD, RUSSELL E. ; GERHARDT, PHILIPP</creator><creatorcontrib>VENNES, JOHN W. ; MACDONALD, RUSSELL E. ; GERHARDT, PHILIPP</creatorcontrib><description>The expression of dilution titres for serological reactions frequently requires the use of large numbers. In cases where the antibody content of an immune serum is high, the conventional means of recording the titre may be misleading ; that is, the difference between a titre of 1 : 10,240 and 1 : 20,480 seemingly is greater than that between 1 : 40 and 1 : 80 but both represent only a single dilution step in the usual procedure and have the same degree of precision. Since serological procedures usually involve serial twofold dilutions, the resulting titres are exponential functions of 2. Consequently, we suggest the simple expedient of using logarithms to the base 2 (log
2
) to express serological titration data.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/1801363a0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 13493525</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences ; Humans ; letter ; multidisciplinary ; Old Medline ; Science ; Science (multidisciplinary) ; Serology</subject><ispartof>Nature (London), 1957-12, Vol.180 (4598), p.1363-1363</ispartof><rights>Springer Nature Limited 1957</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-b1da1c6c2c563fb00d306e61890753e9609574c2a4b170c22869adbfaf9571543</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-b1da1c6c2c563fb00d306e61890753e9609574c2a4b170c22869adbfaf9571543</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/1801363a0$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/1801363a0$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906,41469,42538,51300</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13493525$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>VENNES, JOHN W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MACDONALD, RUSSELL E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GERHARDT, PHILIPP</creatorcontrib><title>Use of Logarithms to the Base 2 in recording Serological Reactions</title><title>Nature (London)</title><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><description>The expression of dilution titres for serological reactions frequently requires the use of large numbers. In cases where the antibody content of an immune serum is high, the conventional means of recording the titre may be misleading ; that is, the difference between a titre of 1 : 10,240 and 1 : 20,480 seemingly is greater than that between 1 : 40 and 1 : 80 but both represent only a single dilution step in the usual procedure and have the same degree of precision. Since serological procedures usually involve serial twofold dilutions, the resulting titres are exponential functions of 2. Consequently, we suggest the simple expedient of using logarithms to the base 2 (log
2
) to express serological titration data.</description><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>letter</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Old Medline</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Science (multidisciplinary)</subject><subject>Serology</subject><issn>0028-0836</issn><issn>1476-4687</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1957</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNptkEtLw0AUhQdRbK0u_AMyK0EheueZydIWX1AQ1K7DZDJJU5JMnUkW_vuOtOjG1YVzPj64B6FLAncEmLonCgiTTMMRmhKeyoRLlR6jKQBVCSgmJ-gshA0ACJLyUzQhjGdMUDFF81Ww2FV46Wrtm2HdBTw4PKwtnuvYUNz02FvjfNn0Nf6w3rWuboxu8bvVZmhcH87RSaXbYC8Od4ZWT4-fi5dk-fb8unhYJoYJNiQFKTUx0lAjJKsKgJKBtJKoDFLBbCYhEyk3VPOCpGAoVTLTZVHpKuZEcDZD13vv1ruv0YYh75pgbNvq3rox5IoCV0CzCN7sQeNdCN5W-dY3nfbfOYH8Z7D8d7DIXh2kY9HZ8o88LBSB2z0QYtXX1ucbN_o-PvqPbQc863Cd</recordid><startdate>19571214</startdate><enddate>19571214</enddate><creator>VENNES, JOHN W.</creator><creator>MACDONALD, RUSSELL E.</creator><creator>GERHARDT, PHILIPP</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19571214</creationdate><title>Use of Logarithms to the Base 2 in recording Serological Reactions</title><author>VENNES, JOHN W. ; MACDONALD, RUSSELL E. ; GERHARDT, PHILIPP</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c353t-b1da1c6c2c563fb00d306e61890753e9609574c2a4b170c22869adbfaf9571543</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1957</creationdate><topic>Humanities and Social Sciences</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>letter</topic><topic>multidisciplinary</topic><topic>Old Medline</topic><topic>Science</topic><topic>Science (multidisciplinary)</topic><topic>Serology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>VENNES, JOHN W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MACDONALD, RUSSELL E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GERHARDT, PHILIPP</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>VENNES, JOHN W.</au><au>MACDONALD, RUSSELL E.</au><au>GERHARDT, PHILIPP</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Use of Logarithms to the Base 2 in recording Serological Reactions</atitle><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle><stitle>Nature</stitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><date>1957-12-14</date><risdate>1957</risdate><volume>180</volume><issue>4598</issue><spage>1363</spage><epage>1363</epage><pages>1363-1363</pages><issn>0028-0836</issn><eissn>1476-4687</eissn><abstract>The expression of dilution titres for serological reactions frequently requires the use of large numbers. In cases where the antibody content of an immune serum is high, the conventional means of recording the titre may be misleading ; that is, the difference between a titre of 1 : 10,240 and 1 : 20,480 seemingly is greater than that between 1 : 40 and 1 : 80 but both represent only a single dilution step in the usual procedure and have the same degree of precision. Since serological procedures usually involve serial twofold dilutions, the resulting titres are exponential functions of 2. Consequently, we suggest the simple expedient of using logarithms to the base 2 (log
2
) to express serological titration data.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>13493525</pmid><doi>10.1038/1801363a0</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0028-0836 |
ispartof | Nature (London), 1957-12, Vol.180 (4598), p.1363-1363 |
issn | 0028-0836 1476-4687 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_82048029 |
source | MEDLINE; Springer Nature - Complete Springer Journals; Nature Journals Online |
subjects | Humanities and Social Sciences Humans letter multidisciplinary Old Medline Science Science (multidisciplinary) Serology |
title | Use of Logarithms to the Base 2 in recording Serological Reactions |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-19T22%3A19%3A59IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Use%20of%20Logarithms%20to%20the%20Base%202%20in%20recording%20Serological%20Reactions&rft.jtitle=Nature%20(London)&rft.au=VENNES,%20JOHN%20W.&rft.date=1957-12-14&rft.volume=180&rft.issue=4598&rft.spage=1363&rft.epage=1363&rft.pages=1363-1363&rft.issn=0028-0836&rft.eissn=1476-4687&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/1801363a0&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E82048029%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=82048029&rft_id=info:pmid/13493525&rfr_iscdi=true |