The pleiotropic effects of the SDF-1-CXCR4 axis in organogenesis, regeneration and tumorigenesis

Proper response of normal stem cells (NSC) to motomorphogens and chemoattractants plays a pivotal role in organ development and renewal/regeneration of damaged tissues. Similar chemoattractants may also regulate metastasis of cancer stem cells (CSC). Growing experimental evidence indicates that both...

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Veröffentlicht in:Leukemia 2006-11, Vol.20 (11), p.1915-1924
Hauptverfasser: Ratajczak, M Z, Zuba-Surma, E, Kucia, M, Reca, R, Wojakowski, W, Ratajczak, J
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container_issue 11
container_start_page 1915
container_title Leukemia
container_volume 20
creator Ratajczak, M Z
Zuba-Surma, E
Kucia, M
Reca, R
Wojakowski, W
Ratajczak, J
description Proper response of normal stem cells (NSC) to motomorphogens and chemoattractants plays a pivotal role in organ development and renewal/regeneration of damaged tissues. Similar chemoattractants may also regulate metastasis of cancer stem cells (CSC). Growing experimental evidence indicates that both NSC and CSC express G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane span receptor CXCR4 and respond to its specific ligand α -chemokine stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1), which is expressed by stroma cells from different tissues. In addition, a population of very small embryonic-like (VSEL) stem cells that express CXCR4 and respond robustly to an SDF-1 gradient was recently identified in adult tissues. VSELs express several markers of embryonic and primordial germ cells. It is proposed that these cells are deposited early in the development as a dormant pool of embryonic/pluripotent NSC. Expression of both CXCR4 and SDF-1 is upregulated in response to tissue hypoxia and damage signal attracting circulating NSC and CSC. Thus, pharmacological modulation of the SDF-1–CXCR4 axis may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies to enhance mobilization of CXCR4 + NSC and their homing to damaged organs as well as inhibition of the metastasis of CXCR4 + cancer cells.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/sj.leu.2404357
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subjects Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Cancer
Cancer Research
Chemokine CXCL12
Chemokines
Chemokines, CXC - physiology
Chemotactic factors
Critical Care Medicine
CXCR4 protein
Cytokines
Damage
Embryo cells
Embryogenesis
Germ cells
Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases
Hematology
Humans
Hypoxia
Intensive
Internal Medicine
Leukemia
Ligands
Liver
Medical sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metastases
Metastasis
Mutation
Neoplasms - physiopathology
Oncology
Organogenesis
Organogenesis - physiology
Organs
Pluripotency
Proteins
Receptors, CXCR4 - physiology
Regeneration
Regeneration - physiology
SDF-1 protein
spotlight-review
Stem cells
Stroma
Tissues
Tumorigenesis
title The pleiotropic effects of the SDF-1-CXCR4 axis in organogenesis, regeneration and tumorigenesis
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