Effect of ketamine on the limb withdrawal reflex evoked by transcutaneous electrical stimulation in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activity of ketamine and isoflurane in horses using a limb withdrawal reflex (WR) model. Single and repeated stimulations were applied to the digital nerve of the left forelimb in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane before, during and a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The veterinary journal (1997) 2010-12, Vol.186 (3), p.304-311 |
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| creator | Levionnois, Olivier L. Menge, Monika Thormann, Wolfgang Mevissen, Meike Spadavecchia, Claudia |
| description | The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activity of ketamine and isoflurane in horses using a limb withdrawal reflex (WR) model. Single and repeated stimulations were applied to the digital nerve of the left forelimb in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane before, during and after intravenous administration of racemic ketamine. Surface electromyographic activity was recorded from the deltoid muscle. Higher stimulation intensity was required to evoke a reflex during ketamine administration. Furthermore, the amplitudes of response to stimulations were significantly and dose-dependently depressed and a flattening of the stimulus–response curves was observed. The reflex activity recovered partially once the ketamine infusion finished. The results demonstrated that the limb WR can be used to quantify the temporal effect of ketamine on the sensory-motor processing in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.018 |
| format | Article |
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Single and repeated stimulations were applied to the digital nerve of the left forelimb in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane before, during and after intravenous administration of racemic ketamine. Surface electromyographic activity was recorded from the deltoid muscle. Higher stimulation intensity was required to evoke a reflex during ketamine administration. Furthermore, the amplitudes of response to stimulations were significantly and dose-dependently depressed and a flattening of the stimulus–response curves was observed. The reflex activity recovered partially once the ketamine infusion finished. The results demonstrated that the limb WR can be used to quantify the temporal effect of ketamine on the sensory-motor processing in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1090-0233</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-2971</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.018</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19748807</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>anesthesia ; Anesthetics, Dissociative - administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Dissociative - pharmacology ; Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Inhalation - pharmacology ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Electric Stimulation ; electrical stimulation ; Electrical stimulus ; Electromyography ; Electromyography - veterinary ; Equine ; Forelimb ; forelimbs ; horses ; Horses - physiology ; isoflurane ; Isoflurane - administration & dosage ; Isoflurane - pharmacology ; Ketamine ; Ketamine - administration & dosage ; Ketamine - pharmacology ; Male ; Reflex - drug effects ; Reflex - physiology ; Withdrawal reflex</subject><ispartof>The veterinary journal (1997), 2010-12, Vol.186 (3), p.304-311</ispartof><rights>2009 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c379t-9019266752b052be47949c7eafd2f036f594615b22390f5855abfb3cc49a4553</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c379t-9019266752b052be47949c7eafd2f036f594615b22390f5855abfb3cc49a4553</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.018$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19748807$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Levionnois, Olivier L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Menge, Monika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thormann, Wolfgang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mevissen, Meike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spadavecchia, Claudia</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of ketamine on the limb withdrawal reflex evoked by transcutaneous electrical stimulation in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane</title><title>The veterinary journal (1997)</title><addtitle>Vet J</addtitle><description>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activity of ketamine and isoflurane in horses using a limb withdrawal reflex (WR) model. Single and repeated stimulations were applied to the digital nerve of the left forelimb in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane before, during and after intravenous administration of racemic ketamine. Surface electromyographic activity was recorded from the deltoid muscle. Higher stimulation intensity was required to evoke a reflex during ketamine administration. Furthermore, the amplitudes of response to stimulations were significantly and dose-dependently depressed and a flattening of the stimulus–response curves was observed. The reflex activity recovered partially once the ketamine infusion finished. The results demonstrated that the limb WR can be used to quantify the temporal effect of ketamine on the sensory-motor processing in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane.</description><subject>anesthesia</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Dissociative - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Dissociative - pharmacology</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Anesthetics, Inhalation - pharmacology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Electric Stimulation</subject><subject>electrical stimulation</subject><subject>Electrical stimulus</subject><subject>Electromyography</subject><subject>Electromyography - veterinary</subject><subject>Equine</subject><subject>Forelimb</subject><subject>forelimbs</subject><subject>horses</subject><subject>Horses - physiology</subject><subject>isoflurane</subject><subject>Isoflurane - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Isoflurane - pharmacology</subject><subject>Ketamine</subject><subject>Ketamine - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Ketamine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Reflex - drug effects</subject><subject>Reflex - physiology</subject><subject>Withdrawal reflex</subject><issn>1090-0233</issn><issn>1532-2971</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMtu1DAUQCNERR_wAyzAO1ZJr-28LLFBVSlIlbqgrC3HuaaeOvFgO1P6B_1sHGUkdiwse3Huke8pivcUKgq0vdxV6bBzFQMQFfQV0P5VcUYbzkomOvo6v0FACYzz0-I8xh1ksK7Zm-KUiq7ue-jOipdrY1An4g15xKQmOyPxM0kPSJydBvJk08MY1JNyJKBx-IfgwT_iSIZnkoKao16SmtEvkaDLomB1RmOy0-JUslllZ7L3s8VI1KwwZnOyMQtWM7HRG7dkD74tToxyEd8d74vi_uv1_dW38vbu5vvVl9tS806kUgAVrG27hg2QD9adqIXuUJmRGeCtaUTd0mZgjAswTd80ajAD17oWqm4aflF82rT74H8v-TtyslGjc9sSsqct77tO8EyyjdTBx5iXl_tgJxWeJQW59pc7ufaXa38Jvcz989CHo34ZJhz_jRyDZ-DjBhjlpfoVbJQ_fzCgfN0LhFiJzxuBucLBYpBRW5w1jjbkwHL09n8_-At6CaMY</recordid><startdate>20101201</startdate><enddate>20101201</enddate><creator>Levionnois, Olivier L.</creator><creator>Menge, Monika</creator><creator>Thormann, Wolfgang</creator><creator>Mevissen, Meike</creator><creator>Spadavecchia, Claudia</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20101201</creationdate><title>Effect of ketamine on the limb withdrawal reflex evoked by transcutaneous electrical stimulation in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane</title><author>Levionnois, Olivier L. ; Menge, Monika ; Thormann, Wolfgang ; Mevissen, Meike ; Spadavecchia, Claudia</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c379t-9019266752b052be47949c7eafd2f036f594615b22390f5855abfb3cc49a4553</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>anesthesia</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Dissociative - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Dissociative - pharmacology</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Anesthetics, Inhalation - pharmacology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Electric Stimulation</topic><topic>electrical stimulation</topic><topic>Electrical stimulus</topic><topic>Electromyography</topic><topic>Electromyography - veterinary</topic><topic>Equine</topic><topic>Forelimb</topic><topic>forelimbs</topic><topic>horses</topic><topic>Horses - physiology</topic><topic>isoflurane</topic><topic>Isoflurane - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Isoflurane - pharmacology</topic><topic>Ketamine</topic><topic>Ketamine - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Ketamine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Reflex - drug effects</topic><topic>Reflex - physiology</topic><topic>Withdrawal reflex</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Levionnois, Olivier L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Menge, Monika</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thormann, Wolfgang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mevissen, Meike</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spadavecchia, Claudia</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The veterinary journal (1997)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Levionnois, Olivier L.</au><au>Menge, Monika</au><au>Thormann, Wolfgang</au><au>Mevissen, Meike</au><au>Spadavecchia, Claudia</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of ketamine on the limb withdrawal reflex evoked by transcutaneous electrical stimulation in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane</atitle><jtitle>The veterinary journal (1997)</jtitle><addtitle>Vet J</addtitle><date>2010-12-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>186</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>304</spage><epage>311</epage><pages>304-311</pages><issn>1090-0233</issn><eissn>1532-2971</eissn><abstract>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activity of ketamine and isoflurane in horses using a limb withdrawal reflex (WR) model. Single and repeated stimulations were applied to the digital nerve of the left forelimb in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane before, during and after intravenous administration of racemic ketamine. Surface electromyographic activity was recorded from the deltoid muscle. Higher stimulation intensity was required to evoke a reflex during ketamine administration. Furthermore, the amplitudes of response to stimulations were significantly and dose-dependently depressed and a flattening of the stimulus–response curves was observed. The reflex activity recovered partially once the ketamine infusion finished. The results demonstrated that the limb WR can be used to quantify the temporal effect of ketamine on the sensory-motor processing in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>19748807</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.08.018</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | The veterinary journal (1997), 2010-12, Vol.186 (3), p.304-311 |
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| subjects | anesthesia Anesthetics, Dissociative - administration & dosage Anesthetics, Dissociative - pharmacology Anesthetics, Inhalation - administration & dosage Anesthetics, Inhalation - pharmacology Animals Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Electric Stimulation electrical stimulation Electrical stimulus Electromyography Electromyography - veterinary Equine Forelimb forelimbs horses Horses - physiology isoflurane Isoflurane - administration & dosage Isoflurane - pharmacology Ketamine Ketamine - administration & dosage Ketamine - pharmacology Male Reflex - drug effects Reflex - physiology Withdrawal reflex |
| title | Effect of ketamine on the limb withdrawal reflex evoked by transcutaneous electrical stimulation in ponies anaesthetised with isoflurane |
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