The spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand, 1997–2005

In New Zealand Campylobacter infection rates have increased steadily since 1980, reaching a peak in 2003 (396/100 000 population). Compared to other nations, disease rates are unfavourably high (e.g. Australia 117/100 000 population, UK 85/100 000 population, USA 13/100 000 population). This ecologi...

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Veröffentlicht in:Epidemiology and infection 2010-10, Vol.138 (10), p.1359-1371
Hauptverfasser: RIND, E., PEARCE, J.
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description In New Zealand Campylobacter infection rates have increased steadily since 1980, reaching a peak in 2003 (396/100 000 population). Compared to other nations, disease rates are unfavourably high (e.g. Australia 117/100 000 population, UK 85/100 000 population, USA 13/100 000 population). This ecological study investigated spatial variations in Campylobacter infection rates across New Zealand's Territorial Local Authorities (TLAs, n=73) for the period 1997–2005. Applying multiple linear regression, we examined whether geographical factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, climate, land use, water and the food environment were associated with local differences in the occurrence of Campylobacter infection rates. The results suggested significant variations in campylobacteriosis across TLAs (average annual rates ranging from 97 to 526/100 000 population), with higher rates in the South Island. Disease rates were associated with lower socio-economic deprivation (P
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Compared to other nations, disease rates are unfavourably high (e.g. Australia 117/100 000 population, UK 85/100 000 population, USA 13/100 000 population). This ecological study investigated spatial variations in Campylobacter infection rates across New Zealand's Territorial Local Authorities (TLAs, n=73) for the period 1997–2005. Applying multiple linear regression, we examined whether geographical factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, climate, land use, water and the food environment were associated with local differences in the occurrence of Campylobacter infection rates. The results suggested significant variations in campylobacteriosis across TLAs (average annual rates ranging from 97 to 526/100 000 population), with higher rates in the South Island. Disease rates were associated with lower socio-economic deprivation (P&lt;0·01), the proportion of the population aged 25–44 years (P&lt;0·01) and fresh food outlet density (P&lt;0·76). The results underline the role of area-level characteristics in explaining the spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand. In particular, the findings draw attention to the relatively unexplored role of fresh food outlets as a potential risk factor for increased Campylobacter notifications.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0950-2688</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1469-4409</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1017/S095026881000018X</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20141648</identifier><identifier>CODEN: EPINEU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Biological and medical sciences ; Campylobacter ; Campylobacter - isolation &amp; purification ; Campylobacter infection ; Campylobacter infections ; Campylobacter Infections - epidemiology ; Campylobacter Infections - microbiology ; Campylobacteriosis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease ; Drinking water ; ecological study ; Epidemiology ; Ethnicity ; Food Supply ; Foodborne Diseases - epidemiology ; Foodborne Diseases - microbiology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Disease rates were associated with lower socio-economic deprivation (P&lt;0·01), the proportion of the population aged 25–44 years (P&lt;0·01) and fresh food outlet density (P&lt;0·76). The results underline the role of area-level characteristics in explaining the spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand. 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Infect</addtitle><date>2010-10-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>138</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>1359</spage><epage>1371</epage><pages>1359-1371</pages><issn>0950-2688</issn><eissn>1469-4409</eissn><coden>EPINEU</coden><abstract>In New Zealand Campylobacter infection rates have increased steadily since 1980, reaching a peak in 2003 (396/100 000 population). Compared to other nations, disease rates are unfavourably high (e.g. Australia 117/100 000 population, UK 85/100 000 population, USA 13/100 000 population). This ecological study investigated spatial variations in Campylobacter infection rates across New Zealand's Territorial Local Authorities (TLAs, n=73) for the period 1997–2005. Applying multiple linear regression, we examined whether geographical factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, climate, land use, water and the food environment were associated with local differences in the occurrence of Campylobacter infection rates. The results suggested significant variations in campylobacteriosis across TLAs (average annual rates ranging from 97 to 526/100 000 population), with higher rates in the South Island. Disease rates were associated with lower socio-economic deprivation (P&lt;0·01), the proportion of the population aged 25–44 years (P&lt;0·01) and fresh food outlet density (P&lt;0·76). The results underline the role of area-level characteristics in explaining the spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand. In particular, the findings draw attention to the relatively unexplored role of fresh food outlets as a potential risk factor for increased Campylobacter notifications.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><pmid>20141648</pmid><doi>10.1017/S095026881000018X</doi><tpages>13</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adolescent
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Campylobacter
Campylobacter - isolation & purification
Campylobacter infection
Campylobacter infections
Campylobacter Infections - epidemiology
Campylobacter Infections - microbiology
Campylobacteriosis
Child
Child, Preschool
Disease
Drinking water
ecological study
Epidemiology
Ethnicity
Food Supply
Foodborne Diseases - epidemiology
Foodborne Diseases - microbiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
geographical determinants
Groundwater
Humans
Infections
Investigations
Laboratories
Male
Microbiology
New Zealand
New Zealand - epidemiology
Notifiable diseases
Pathogens
Population
Potable water
Prevalence
Public health
Rain
Rural areas
Socioeconomics
Trends
Urban areas
Vegetables
Water consumption
title The spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis in New Zealand, 1997–2005
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