Premenstrual asthma and atopy markers

Background The frequency of atopy in women with premenstrual asthma (PMA) and its possible effect on the premenstrual exacerbation of asthma are unknown. Objective To analyze the relation between atopy markers (total IgE, Phadiatop, and specific IgE) and PMA. Methods Asthmatic women of reproductive...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Annals of allergy, asthma, & immunology asthma, & immunology, 2010-09, Vol.105 (3), p.218-222
Hauptverfasser: Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD, Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD, Maldonado, José A., MD, Borrero, Fátima, MD, Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD, Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD, Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD, Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD, Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD, Gil, Francisco L., MD
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 222
container_issue 3
container_start_page 218
container_title Annals of allergy, asthma, & immunology
container_volume 105
creator Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD
Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD
Maldonado, José A., MD
Borrero, Fátima, MD
Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD
Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD
Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD
Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD
Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD
Gil, Francisco L., MD
description Background The frequency of atopy in women with premenstrual asthma (PMA) and its possible effect on the premenstrual exacerbation of asthma are unknown. Objective To analyze the relation between atopy markers (total IgE, Phadiatop, and specific IgE) and PMA. Methods Asthmatic women of reproductive age completed a questionnaire about respiratory symptoms and recorded peak flow during an entire menstrual cycle to be classified as asthmatic patients with or without PMA. Their asthma severity was graded according to the 2005 Global Initiative for Asthma scale. PMA was defined as a clinical or functional exacerbation (≥20%) in the premenstrual phase compared with the preovulatory phase. Blood tests for several atopy markers were conducted for: total IgE and screening for aeroallergens (Phadiatop) and specific IgE. Results Blood determinations were performed in 59 asthmatic women, of whom 31 (53%) had PMA. Twenty-six patients with PMA (84%) and 12 without PMA (43%) had total IgE values greater than 100 kU/L ( P = .001). Twenty-one patients with PMA (68%) and 14 without PMA (50%) tested positive for Phadiatop ( P = .17). Those who were positive for Phadiatop were also tested for specific IgE. No relation was found between specific IgE and PMA; values for ryegrass (63%), olive (60%), and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (54%) exceeded 0.35 kU/L. Conclusions PMA seems to be closely linked to total IgE levels but not to specific allergens. The atopy affects the clinical manifestations of PMA in women of reproductive age.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.anai.2010.06.022
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_807279261</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S1081120610006587</els_id><sourcerecordid>807279261</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-fd4da77b53968b9e7f30ff6cc63a522ec60d64b7415a946a84d541e3c6a5e2033</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkUuLFDEURoMozkP_gAvpzeCq2pt3CkQYBkeFAQdG1-F26hampx5tUiX0v5-U3Sq4GFcJ4Xw3yfkYe8VhzYGbt9s1DhjXAsoBmDUI8YSdci1VpZQ0T8seHK-4AHPCznLeAgB3Rj5nJwIcgHXulF3cJuppyFOasVthnr73uMKhWeE07varHtM9pfyCPWuxy_TyuJ6zb9cfvl59qm6-fPx8dXlTBWXFVLWNatDajZa1cZuabCuhbU0IRqIWgoKBxqiNVVxjrQw61WjFSQaDmgRIec7eHObu0vhjpjz5PuZAXYcDjXP2DqywtTD8v6TVCoSxShdSHMiQxpwTtX6XYvnX3nPwi0e_9YtHv3j0YHzxWEKvj-PnTU_Nn8hvcQW4OAKYA3ZtwiHE_JeTQtbiF_fuwFHR9jNS8jlEGgI1MVGYfDPGx9_x_p946OIQy433tKe8Hec0lEI891l48HdL40vhvHRttLPyAVcoo0M</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>754026745</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Premenstrual asthma and atopy markers</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><creator>Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD ; Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD ; Maldonado, José A., MD ; Borrero, Fátima, MD ; Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD ; Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD ; Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD ; Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD ; Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD ; Gil, Francisco L., MD</creator><creatorcontrib>Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD ; Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD ; Maldonado, José A., MD ; Borrero, Fátima, MD ; Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD ; Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD ; Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD ; Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD ; Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD ; Gil, Francisco L., MD</creatorcontrib><description>Background The frequency of atopy in women with premenstrual asthma (PMA) and its possible effect on the premenstrual exacerbation of asthma are unknown. Objective To analyze the relation between atopy markers (total IgE, Phadiatop, and specific IgE) and PMA. Methods Asthmatic women of reproductive age completed a questionnaire about respiratory symptoms and recorded peak flow during an entire menstrual cycle to be classified as asthmatic patients with or without PMA. Their asthma severity was graded according to the 2005 Global Initiative for Asthma scale. PMA was defined as a clinical or functional exacerbation (≥20%) in the premenstrual phase compared with the preovulatory phase. Blood tests for several atopy markers were conducted for: total IgE and screening for aeroallergens (Phadiatop) and specific IgE. Results Blood determinations were performed in 59 asthmatic women, of whom 31 (53%) had PMA. Twenty-six patients with PMA (84%) and 12 without PMA (43%) had total IgE values greater than 100 kU/L ( P = .001). Twenty-one patients with PMA (68%) and 14 without PMA (50%) tested positive for Phadiatop ( P = .17). Those who were positive for Phadiatop were also tested for specific IgE. No relation was found between specific IgE and PMA; values for ryegrass (63%), olive (60%), and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (54%) exceeded 0.35 kU/L. Conclusions PMA seems to be closely linked to total IgE levels but not to specific allergens. The atopy affects the clinical manifestations of PMA in women of reproductive age.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1081-1206</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1534-4436</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2010.06.022</identifier><identifier>PMID: 20800788</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Allergens - immunology ; Allergy and Immunology ; Asthma - blood ; Asthma - complications ; Asthma - epidemiology ; Asthma - physiopathology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma ; Dermatology ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Disease Progression ; Epitopes ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Fundamental immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E - blood ; Medical sciences ; Menstrual Cycle - blood ; Olea ; Pneumology ; Premenstrual Syndrome - blood ; Premenstrual Syndrome - epidemiology ; Premenstrual Syndrome - etiology ; Premenstrual Syndrome - physiopathology ; Respiration Disorders ; Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis</subject><ispartof>Annals of allergy, asthma, &amp; immunology, 2010-09, Vol.105 (3), p.218-222</ispartof><rights>American College of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology</rights><rights>2010 American College of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2010 American College of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-fd4da77b53968b9e7f30ff6cc63a522ec60d64b7415a946a84d541e3c6a5e2033</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-fd4da77b53968b9e7f30ff6cc63a522ec60d64b7415a946a84d541e3c6a5e2033</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1081120610006587$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65534</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=23239288$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20800788$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maldonado, José A., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borrero, Fátima, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gil, Francisco L., MD</creatorcontrib><title>Premenstrual asthma and atopy markers</title><title>Annals of allergy, asthma, &amp; immunology</title><addtitle>Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol</addtitle><description>Background The frequency of atopy in women with premenstrual asthma (PMA) and its possible effect on the premenstrual exacerbation of asthma are unknown. Objective To analyze the relation between atopy markers (total IgE, Phadiatop, and specific IgE) and PMA. Methods Asthmatic women of reproductive age completed a questionnaire about respiratory symptoms and recorded peak flow during an entire menstrual cycle to be classified as asthmatic patients with or without PMA. Their asthma severity was graded according to the 2005 Global Initiative for Asthma scale. PMA was defined as a clinical or functional exacerbation (≥20%) in the premenstrual phase compared with the preovulatory phase. Blood tests for several atopy markers were conducted for: total IgE and screening for aeroallergens (Phadiatop) and specific IgE. Results Blood determinations were performed in 59 asthmatic women, of whom 31 (53%) had PMA. Twenty-six patients with PMA (84%) and 12 without PMA (43%) had total IgE values greater than 100 kU/L ( P = .001). Twenty-one patients with PMA (68%) and 14 without PMA (50%) tested positive for Phadiatop ( P = .17). Those who were positive for Phadiatop were also tested for specific IgE. No relation was found between specific IgE and PMA; values for ryegrass (63%), olive (60%), and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (54%) exceeded 0.35 kU/L. Conclusions PMA seems to be closely linked to total IgE levels but not to specific allergens. The atopy affects the clinical manifestations of PMA in women of reproductive age.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Allergens - immunology</subject><subject>Allergy and Immunology</subject><subject>Asthma - blood</subject><subject>Asthma - complications</subject><subject>Asthma - epidemiology</subject><subject>Asthma - physiopathology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma</subject><subject>Dermatology</subject><subject>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</subject><subject>Disease Progression</subject><subject>Epitopes</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Fundamental immunology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin E - blood</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Menstrual Cycle - blood</subject><subject>Olea</subject><subject>Pneumology</subject><subject>Premenstrual Syndrome - blood</subject><subject>Premenstrual Syndrome - epidemiology</subject><subject>Premenstrual Syndrome - etiology</subject><subject>Premenstrual Syndrome - physiopathology</subject><subject>Respiration Disorders</subject><subject>Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis</subject><issn>1081-1206</issn><issn>1534-4436</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2010</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkUuLFDEURoMozkP_gAvpzeCq2pt3CkQYBkeFAQdG1-F26hampx5tUiX0v5-U3Sq4GFcJ4Xw3yfkYe8VhzYGbt9s1DhjXAsoBmDUI8YSdci1VpZQ0T8seHK-4AHPCznLeAgB3Rj5nJwIcgHXulF3cJuppyFOasVthnr73uMKhWeE07varHtM9pfyCPWuxy_TyuJ6zb9cfvl59qm6-fPx8dXlTBWXFVLWNatDajZa1cZuabCuhbU0IRqIWgoKBxqiNVVxjrQw61WjFSQaDmgRIec7eHObu0vhjpjz5PuZAXYcDjXP2DqywtTD8v6TVCoSxShdSHMiQxpwTtX6XYvnX3nPwi0e_9YtHv3j0YHzxWEKvj-PnTU_Nn8hvcQW4OAKYA3ZtwiHE_JeTQtbiF_fuwFHR9jNS8jlEGgI1MVGYfDPGx9_x_p946OIQy433tKe8Hec0lEI891l48HdL40vhvHRttLPyAVcoo0M</recordid><startdate>20100901</startdate><enddate>20100901</enddate><creator>Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD</creator><creator>Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Maldonado, José A., MD</creator><creator>Borrero, Fátima, MD</creator><creator>Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD</creator><creator>Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD</creator><creator>Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD</creator><creator>Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD</creator><creator>Gil, Francisco L., MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20100901</creationdate><title>Premenstrual asthma and atopy markers</title><author>Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD ; Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD ; Maldonado, José A., MD ; Borrero, Fátima, MD ; Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD ; Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD ; Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD ; Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD ; Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD ; Gil, Francisco L., MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c472t-fd4da77b53968b9e7f30ff6cc63a522ec60d64b7415a946a84d541e3c6a5e2033</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2010</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Allergens - immunology</topic><topic>Allergy and Immunology</topic><topic>Asthma - blood</topic><topic>Asthma - complications</topic><topic>Asthma - epidemiology</topic><topic>Asthma - physiopathology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma</topic><topic>Dermatology</topic><topic>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</topic><topic>Disease Progression</topic><topic>Epitopes</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Fundamental immunology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin E - blood</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Menstrual Cycle - blood</topic><topic>Olea</topic><topic>Pneumology</topic><topic>Premenstrual Syndrome - blood</topic><topic>Premenstrual Syndrome - epidemiology</topic><topic>Premenstrual Syndrome - etiology</topic><topic>Premenstrual Syndrome - physiopathology</topic><topic>Respiration Disorders</topic><topic>Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Maldonado, José A., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borrero, Fátima, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gil, Francisco L., MD</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Annals of allergy, asthma, &amp; immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Pereira-Vega, Antonio, MD, PhD</au><au>Sánchez, José L., MD, PhD</au><au>Maldonado, José A., MD</au><au>Borrero, Fátima, MD</au><au>Rico, Ignacio Vázquez, MD</au><au>Vázquez, Rosa, MD, PhD</au><au>Álvarez, Francisco, MD, PhD</au><au>Ignacio, José M., MD, PhD</au><au>Romero, Pedro, MD, PhD</au><au>Gil, Francisco L., MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Premenstrual asthma and atopy markers</atitle><jtitle>Annals of allergy, asthma, &amp; immunology</jtitle><addtitle>Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol</addtitle><date>2010-09-01</date><risdate>2010</risdate><volume>105</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>218</spage><epage>222</epage><pages>218-222</pages><issn>1081-1206</issn><eissn>1534-4436</eissn><abstract>Background The frequency of atopy in women with premenstrual asthma (PMA) and its possible effect on the premenstrual exacerbation of asthma are unknown. Objective To analyze the relation between atopy markers (total IgE, Phadiatop, and specific IgE) and PMA. Methods Asthmatic women of reproductive age completed a questionnaire about respiratory symptoms and recorded peak flow during an entire menstrual cycle to be classified as asthmatic patients with or without PMA. Their asthma severity was graded according to the 2005 Global Initiative for Asthma scale. PMA was defined as a clinical or functional exacerbation (≥20%) in the premenstrual phase compared with the preovulatory phase. Blood tests for several atopy markers were conducted for: total IgE and screening for aeroallergens (Phadiatop) and specific IgE. Results Blood determinations were performed in 59 asthmatic women, of whom 31 (53%) had PMA. Twenty-six patients with PMA (84%) and 12 without PMA (43%) had total IgE values greater than 100 kU/L ( P = .001). Twenty-one patients with PMA (68%) and 14 without PMA (50%) tested positive for Phadiatop ( P = .17). Those who were positive for Phadiatop were also tested for specific IgE. No relation was found between specific IgE and PMA; values for ryegrass (63%), olive (60%), and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (54%) exceeded 0.35 kU/L. Conclusions PMA seems to be closely linked to total IgE levels but not to specific allergens. The atopy affects the clinical manifestations of PMA in women of reproductive age.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>20800788</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.anai.2010.06.022</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 1081-1206
ispartof Annals of allergy, asthma, & immunology, 2010-09, Vol.105 (3), p.218-222
issn 1081-1206
1534-4436
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_807279261
source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Adolescent
Adult
Allergens - immunology
Allergy and Immunology
Asthma - blood
Asthma - complications
Asthma - epidemiology
Asthma - physiopathology
Biological and medical sciences
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma
Dermatology
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
Disease Progression
Epitopes
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Fundamental immunology
Humans
Immunoglobulin E - blood
Medical sciences
Menstrual Cycle - blood
Olea
Pneumology
Premenstrual Syndrome - blood
Premenstrual Syndrome - epidemiology
Premenstrual Syndrome - etiology
Premenstrual Syndrome - physiopathology
Respiration Disorders
Sarcoidosis. Granulomatous diseases of unproved etiology. Connective tissue diseases. Elastic tissue diseases. Vasculitis
title Premenstrual asthma and atopy markers
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-15T01%3A01%3A16IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Premenstrual%20asthma%20and%20atopy%20markers&rft.jtitle=Annals%20of%20allergy,%20asthma,%20&%20immunology&rft.au=Pereira-Vega,%20Antonio,%20MD,%20PhD&rft.date=2010-09-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=218&rft.epage=222&rft.pages=218-222&rft.issn=1081-1206&rft.eissn=1534-4436&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.anai.2010.06.022&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E807279261%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=754026745&rft_id=info:pmid/20800788&rft_els_id=S1081120610006587&rfr_iscdi=true