An in vivo study comparing the ocular absorption of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin prior to phacoemulsification
To compare aqueous humor concentrations of levofloxacin vs ciprofloxacin when used as prophylactic medications before phacoemulsification. Patients (n = 93) were randomly assigned to receive either 0.5% levofloxacin (Quixin) or 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) using one of the following dosing regimens:...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of ophthalmology 2004-02, Vol.137 (2), p.308-312 |
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| creator | Bucci, Frank A |
| description | To compare aqueous humor concentrations of levofloxacin vs ciprofloxacin when used as prophylactic medications before phacoemulsification.
Patients (n = 93) were randomly assigned to receive either 0.5% levofloxacin (Quixin) or 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) using one of the following dosing regimens: (A) 1 to 2 drops four times a day for 2 days preoperatively; (B) 5 doses (1 to 2 drops) delivered every 10 minutes in the hour immediately preceding surgery; or (C) the combination of A and B.
Aqueous samples (0.1 ml) were obtained immediately before surgery, and drug concentrations were measured using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
The mean concentration of levofloxacin in the aqueous humor was significantly greater than that of ciprofloxacin in all treatment groups (P < .001): 284.8 vs 67.4 μg/ml (regimen A); 1,135.6 vs 185.6 μg/ml (regimen B); and 1,618.6 vs 241.5 (regimen C). Dosing regimen B delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen A for both levofloxacin (P ≤ .001) and ciprofloxacin (P = .004). Dosing regimen C delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen B for levofloxacin (P = .05) but not for ciprofloxacin (P = .384).
Although the concentration of active drug in levofloxacin is approximately 1.7-fold higher than that in ciprofloxacin, the aqueous concentration of levofloxacin after topical administration was four to seven times greater than ciprofloxacin; these differences were statistically significant. With dosing regimens B and C, levofloxacin concentrations in the aqueous humor were above the MIC90 for most common ocular pathogens, including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Ciprofloxacin did not reach such concentrations in any treatment group. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ajo.2003.08.057 |
| format | Article |
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Patients (n = 93) were randomly assigned to receive either 0.5% levofloxacin (Quixin) or 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) using one of the following dosing regimens: (A) 1 to 2 drops four times a day for 2 days preoperatively; (B) 5 doses (1 to 2 drops) delivered every 10 minutes in the hour immediately preceding surgery; or (C) the combination of A and B.
Aqueous samples (0.1 ml) were obtained immediately before surgery, and drug concentrations were measured using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
The mean concentration of levofloxacin in the aqueous humor was significantly greater than that of ciprofloxacin in all treatment groups (P < .001): 284.8 vs 67.4 μg/ml (regimen A); 1,135.6 vs 185.6 μg/ml (regimen B); and 1,618.6 vs 241.5 (regimen C). Dosing regimen B delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen A for both levofloxacin (P ≤ .001) and ciprofloxacin (P = .004). Dosing regimen C delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen B for levofloxacin (P = .05) but not for ciprofloxacin (P = .384).
Although the concentration of active drug in levofloxacin is approximately 1.7-fold higher than that in ciprofloxacin, the aqueous concentration of levofloxacin after topical administration was four to seven times greater than ciprofloxacin; these differences were statistically significant. With dosing regimens B and C, levofloxacin concentrations in the aqueous humor were above the MIC90 for most common ocular pathogens, including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Ciprofloxacin did not reach such concentrations in any treatment group.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9394</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1891</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2003.08.057</identifier><identifier>PMID: 14962422</identifier><identifier>CODEN: AJOPAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Absorption ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacokinetics ; Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; Antimicrobial agents ; Aqueous Humor - metabolism ; Bacterial infections ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biological Availability ; Calibration ; Cataracts ; Chromatography ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ciprofloxacin - pharmacokinetics ; Ciprofloxacin - therapeutic use ; Drug dosages ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Eye ; Eye surgery ; Female ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Gram-positive bacteria ; Humans ; Infections ; Laboratories ; Levofloxacin ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Molecular weight ; Ofloxacin - pharmacokinetics ; Ofloxacin - therapeutic use ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Patients ; Phacoemulsification ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Single-Blind Method ; Surgery</subject><ispartof>American journal of ophthalmology, 2004-02, Vol.137 (2), p.308-312</ispartof><rights>2003 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-9b095ee32478f04019c716bb1dae7d6408db7778c1a65cb279023085a5fb9ae3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-9b095ee32478f04019c716bb1dae7d6408db7778c1a65cb279023085a5fb9ae3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002939403010882$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15582879$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14962422$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bucci, Frank A</creatorcontrib><title>An in vivo study comparing the ocular absorption of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin prior to phacoemulsification</title><title>American journal of ophthalmology</title><addtitle>Am J Ophthalmol</addtitle><description>To compare aqueous humor concentrations of levofloxacin vs ciprofloxacin when used as prophylactic medications before phacoemulsification.
Patients (n = 93) were randomly assigned to receive either 0.5% levofloxacin (Quixin) or 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) using one of the following dosing regimens: (A) 1 to 2 drops four times a day for 2 days preoperatively; (B) 5 doses (1 to 2 drops) delivered every 10 minutes in the hour immediately preceding surgery; or (C) the combination of A and B.
Aqueous samples (0.1 ml) were obtained immediately before surgery, and drug concentrations were measured using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
The mean concentration of levofloxacin in the aqueous humor was significantly greater than that of ciprofloxacin in all treatment groups (P < .001): 284.8 vs 67.4 μg/ml (regimen A); 1,135.6 vs 185.6 μg/ml (regimen B); and 1,618.6 vs 241.5 (regimen C). Dosing regimen B delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen A for both levofloxacin (P ≤ .001) and ciprofloxacin (P = .004). Dosing regimen C delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen B for levofloxacin (P = .05) but not for ciprofloxacin (P = .384).
Although the concentration of active drug in levofloxacin is approximately 1.7-fold higher than that in ciprofloxacin, the aqueous concentration of levofloxacin after topical administration was four to seven times greater than ciprofloxacin; these differences were statistically significant. With dosing regimens B and C, levofloxacin concentrations in the aqueous humor were above the MIC90 for most common ocular pathogens, including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Ciprofloxacin did not reach such concentrations in any treatment group.</description><subject>Absorption</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Antibiotic Prophylaxis</subject><subject>Antimicrobial agents</subject><subject>Aqueous Humor - metabolism</subject><subject>Bacterial infections</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biological Availability</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Cataracts</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</subject><subject>Ciprofloxacin - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Ciprofloxacin - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Drug dosages</subject><subject>Drug Therapy, Combination</subject><subject>Eye</subject><subject>Eye surgery</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</subject><subject>Gram-positive bacteria</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Levofloxacin</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Molecular weight</subject><subject>Ofloxacin - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Ofloxacin - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Ophthalmic Solutions</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Phacoemulsification</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Single-Blind Method</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><issn>0002-9394</issn><issn>1879-1891</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUFr3DAQhUVoaTZpf0AvRVDSm92RLFsSPYWQpoVAL7kLWR4nMrblSvbS_Ptq2YWFHnoaNHxveHqPkI8MSgas-TqUdgglB6hKUCXU8oLsmJK6YEqzN2QHALzQlRaX5CqlIT8bKeQ7csmEbrjgfEfC7Uz9TPd-H2hat-6VujAtNvr5ma4vSIPbRhupbVOIy-rDTENPR9yHfgx_rMtSO3fU-SWeN0v0IdI10OXFuoDTNibfe2cP8vfkbW_HhB9O85o8fb9_uvtRPP56-Hl3-1g4AXItdAu6Rqy4kKoHAUw7yZq2ZZ1F2TUCVNdKKZVjtqldy6UGXoGqbd232mJ1Tb4cz2ZfvzdMq5l8cjiOdsawJaNyfCA4y-Dnf8AhbHHO1gzjjWQVCKYyxY6UiyGliL3Jf5xsfDUMzKEKM5hchTlUYUCZXEXWfDpd3toJu7PilH0Gbk6ATc6OfbSz8-nM1bXiuczMfTtymPPae4wmOY-zw85HdKvpgv-Pjb_SQ6d8</recordid><startdate>20040201</startdate><enddate>20040201</enddate><creator>Bucci, Frank A</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><general>Elsevier Limited</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040201</creationdate><title>An in vivo study comparing the ocular absorption of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin prior to phacoemulsification</title><author>Bucci, Frank A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-9b095ee32478f04019c716bb1dae7d6408db7778c1a65cb279023085a5fb9ae3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Absorption</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Antibiotic Prophylaxis</topic><topic>Antimicrobial agents</topic><topic>Aqueous Humor - metabolism</topic><topic>Bacterial infections</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biological Availability</topic><topic>Calibration</topic><topic>Cataracts</topic><topic>Chromatography</topic><topic>Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid</topic><topic>Ciprofloxacin - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Ciprofloxacin - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Drug dosages</topic><topic>Drug Therapy, Combination</topic><topic>Eye</topic><topic>Eye surgery</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</topic><topic>Gram-positive bacteria</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Laboratories</topic><topic>Levofloxacin</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Molecular weight</topic><topic>Ofloxacin - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Ofloxacin - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Ophthalmic Solutions</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Phacoemulsification</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Single-Blind Method</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bucci, Frank A</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of ophthalmology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bucci, Frank A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>An in vivo study comparing the ocular absorption of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin prior to phacoemulsification</atitle><jtitle>American journal of ophthalmology</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Ophthalmol</addtitle><date>2004-02-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>137</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>308</spage><epage>312</epage><pages>308-312</pages><issn>0002-9394</issn><eissn>1879-1891</eissn><coden>AJOPAA</coden><abstract>To compare aqueous humor concentrations of levofloxacin vs ciprofloxacin when used as prophylactic medications before phacoemulsification.
Patients (n = 93) were randomly assigned to receive either 0.5% levofloxacin (Quixin) or 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan) using one of the following dosing regimens: (A) 1 to 2 drops four times a day for 2 days preoperatively; (B) 5 doses (1 to 2 drops) delivered every 10 minutes in the hour immediately preceding surgery; or (C) the combination of A and B.
Aqueous samples (0.1 ml) were obtained immediately before surgery, and drug concentrations were measured using high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
The mean concentration of levofloxacin in the aqueous humor was significantly greater than that of ciprofloxacin in all treatment groups (P < .001): 284.8 vs 67.4 μg/ml (regimen A); 1,135.6 vs 185.6 μg/ml (regimen B); and 1,618.6 vs 241.5 (regimen C). Dosing regimen B delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen A for both levofloxacin (P ≤ .001) and ciprofloxacin (P = .004). Dosing regimen C delivered significantly more drug to the aqueous humor than regimen B for levofloxacin (P = .05) but not for ciprofloxacin (P = .384).
Although the concentration of active drug in levofloxacin is approximately 1.7-fold higher than that in ciprofloxacin, the aqueous concentration of levofloxacin after topical administration was four to seven times greater than ciprofloxacin; these differences were statistically significant. With dosing regimens B and C, levofloxacin concentrations in the aqueous humor were above the MIC90 for most common ocular pathogens, including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Ciprofloxacin did not reach such concentrations in any treatment group.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>14962422</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ajo.2003.08.057</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Absorption Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacokinetics Anti-Infective Agents - therapeutic use Antibiotic Prophylaxis Antimicrobial agents Aqueous Humor - metabolism Bacterial infections Biological and medical sciences Biological Availability Calibration Cataracts Chromatography Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Ciprofloxacin - pharmacokinetics Ciprofloxacin - therapeutic use Drug dosages Drug Therapy, Combination Eye Eye surgery Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Gram-positive bacteria Humans Infections Laboratories Levofloxacin Male Medical sciences Microbial Sensitivity Tests Middle Aged Molecular weight Ofloxacin - pharmacokinetics Ofloxacin - therapeutic use Ophthalmic Solutions Patients Phacoemulsification Pharmacology. Drug treatments Single-Blind Method Surgery |
| title | An in vivo study comparing the ocular absorption of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin prior to phacoemulsification |
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