Dynamics of potassium leaching on a hillslope grassland soil
There have been only a few studies of potassium (K) losses from grassland systems, and little is known about their dynamics, especially in relation to nitrogen (N) management. A study was performed during the autumn and winter of 1999 and 2000 to understand the effects of N and drainage on the dynam...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental quality 2004-01, Vol.33 (1), p.192-200 |
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| description | There have been only a few studies of potassium (K) losses from grassland systems, and little is known about their dynamics, especially in relation to nitrogen (N) management. A study was performed during the autumn and winter of 1999 and 2000 to understand the effects of N and drainage on the dynamics of K leaching on a hillslope grassland soil in southwestern England. Two N application rates were studied (0 and 280 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)), both with and without tile drainage. Treatments receiving N also received farmyard manure (FM). Higher total K losses and K concentrations in the leachates were found in the N + FM treatments (150 and 185% higher than in 0 N treatments), which were related to K additions in the FM. Drainage reduced K losses by 35% because of an increase in dry matter production and a reduction in overland and preferential flow. The pattern of change in K concentration in the leachates was associated with preferential flow at the beginning of the drainage season and with matrix flow later in winter, and was best described by a double exponential curve. Rainfall intensity and the autumn application of FM were the main determinants of K losses by leaching. The study provided new insights into the relationships between soil hydrology, rainfall, and K leaching and its implications for grassland systems. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2134/jeq2004.0192 |
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A study was performed during the autumn and winter of 1999 and 2000 to understand the effects of N and drainage on the dynamics of K leaching on a hillslope grassland soil in southwestern England. Two N application rates were studied (0 and 280 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)), both with and without tile drainage. Treatments receiving N also received farmyard manure (FM). Higher total K losses and K concentrations in the leachates were found in the N + FM treatments (150 and 185% higher than in 0 N treatments), which were related to K additions in the FM. Drainage reduced K losses by 35% because of an increase in dry matter production and a reduction in overland and preferential flow. The pattern of change in K concentration in the leachates was associated with preferential flow at the beginning of the drainage season and with matrix flow later in winter, and was best described by a double exponential curve. Rainfall intensity and the autumn application of FM were the main determinants of K losses by leaching. The study provided new insights into the relationships between soil hydrology, rainfall, and K leaching and its implications for grassland systems.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0047-2425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/jeq2004.0192</identifier><identifier>PMID: 14964374</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JEVQAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison, WI: Crop Science Society of America</publisher><subject>Agronomy ; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Animal manures ; Autumn ; Biological and medical sciences ; Determinants ; Drainage ; drainage water ; Dry matter ; dry matter accumulation ; Drying ; Dynamic tests ; Dynamical systems ; Dynamics ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Ecosystems ; England ; Environmental quality ; Exact sciences and technology ; fertilizer rates ; Fertilizers ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; grassland soils ; Grasslands ; hills ; Humans ; Hydrogeology ; Hydrology ; Hydrology. Hydrogeology ; Leachates ; Leaching ; losses from soil ; NPK fertilizers ; Physical properties ; Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils ; Poaceae ; Potassium ; Potassium - chemistry ; Preferential flow ; Rain ; rain intensity ; Rainfall ; Rainfall intensity ; Receiving ; Reduction ; Seasons ; slope ; Soil ; Soil (material) ; Soil and water pollution ; Soil hydrology ; soil nutrient balance ; Soil science ; Soils ; Tile drainage ; Water and solute dynamics ; water flow ; Winter</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental quality, 2004-01, Vol.33 (1), p.192-200</ispartof><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Jan/Feb 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a443t-c8f1edd10e3b0bd1625f29fb1c22db7929ecfd14b0af8cc2ff58abec932551df3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15408742$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14964374$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Alfaro, M.A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gregory, P.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarvis, S.C</creatorcontrib><title>Dynamics of potassium leaching on a hillslope grassland soil</title><title>Journal of environmental quality</title><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><description>There have been only a few studies of potassium (K) losses from grassland systems, and little is known about their dynamics, especially in relation to nitrogen (N) management. A study was performed during the autumn and winter of 1999 and 2000 to understand the effects of N and drainage on the dynamics of K leaching on a hillslope grassland soil in southwestern England. Two N application rates were studied (0 and 280 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)), both with and without tile drainage. Treatments receiving N also received farmyard manure (FM). Higher total K losses and K concentrations in the leachates were found in the N + FM treatments (150 and 185% higher than in 0 N treatments), which were related to K additions in the FM. Drainage reduced K losses by 35% because of an increase in dry matter production and a reduction in overland and preferential flow. The pattern of change in K concentration in the leachates was associated with preferential flow at the beginning of the drainage season and with matrix flow later in winter, and was best described by a double exponential curve. Rainfall intensity and the autumn application of FM were the main determinants of K losses by leaching. The study provided new insights into the relationships between soil hydrology, rainfall, and K leaching and its implications for grassland systems.</description><subject>Agronomy</subject><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Animal manures</subject><subject>Autumn</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Determinants</subject><subject>Drainage</subject><subject>drainage water</subject><subject>Dry matter</subject><subject>dry matter accumulation</subject><subject>Drying</subject><subject>Dynamic tests</subject><subject>Dynamical systems</subject><subject>Dynamics</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Ecosystems</subject><subject>England</subject><subject>Environmental quality</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>fertilizer rates</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>grassland soils</subject><subject>Grasslands</subject><subject>hills</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Hydrology</subject><subject>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Leachates</subject><subject>Leaching</subject><subject>losses from soil</subject><subject>NPK fertilizers</subject><subject>Physical properties</subject><subject>Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils</subject><subject>Poaceae</subject><subject>Potassium</subject><subject>Potassium - chemistry</subject><subject>Preferential flow</subject><subject>Rain</subject><subject>rain intensity</subject><subject>Rainfall</subject><subject>Rainfall intensity</subject><subject>Receiving</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Seasons</subject><subject>slope</subject><subject>Soil</subject><subject>Soil (material)</subject><subject>Soil and water pollution</subject><subject>Soil hydrology</subject><subject>soil nutrient balance</subject><subject>Soil science</subject><subject>Soils</subject><subject>Tile drainage</subject><subject>Water and solute dynamics</subject><subject>water flow</subject><subject>Winter</subject><issn>0047-2425</issn><issn>1537-2537</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0UtrHDEMAGBTGpJt2lvO7VBoe9pUkl9j6CWkjwQCPSQ5Dx6PvZnFM96Mdw7593HIhkIO3YskxIcQEmMnCKeEXHxf-3sCEKeAht6wBUqul1TCW7Yo7VILkkfsXc5rACTQ6pAdoTBKcC0W7MfPh9EOvctVCtUmbW3O_TxU0Vt314-rKo2Vre76GHNMG1-tpgKiHbsqpz6-ZwfBxuw_7PIxu_396-b8Ynn198_l-dnV0grBt0tXB_Rdh-B5C22HimQgE1p0RF2rDRnvQoeiBRtq5ygEWdvWO8NJSuwCP2Zfn-dupnQ_-7xthj47H8siPs25qQGl0nVd4Lf_Qi04GuRK7R1ZTmu4kHwvRIVagjT7oVDaaHiCn1_BdZqnsRywQaO5IgOyoI87NLeD75rN1A92emhePlfAlx2w2dkYJju6Pv9zUkCtBRX36dkFmxq7moq5vSZADmC05KT5I6vwrsk</recordid><startdate>20040101</startdate><enddate>20040101</enddate><creator>Alfaro, M.A</creator><creator>Gregory, P.J</creator><creator>Jarvis, S.C</creator><general>Crop Science Society of America</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040101</creationdate><title>Dynamics of potassium leaching on a hillslope grassland soil</title><author>Alfaro, M.A ; Gregory, P.J ; Jarvis, S.C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a443t-c8f1edd10e3b0bd1625f29fb1c22db7929ecfd14b0af8cc2ff58abec932551df3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Agronomy</topic><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>Animal manures</topic><topic>Autumn</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Determinants</topic><topic>Drainage</topic><topic>drainage water</topic><topic>Dry matter</topic><topic>dry matter accumulation</topic><topic>Drying</topic><topic>Dynamic tests</topic><topic>Dynamical systems</topic><topic>Dynamics</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Ecosystems</topic><topic>England</topic><topic>Environmental quality</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>fertilizer rates</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>grassland soils</topic><topic>Grasslands</topic><topic>hills</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Hydrology</topic><topic>Hydrology. 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Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of environmental quality</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Alfaro, M.A</au><au>Gregory, P.J</au><au>Jarvis, S.C</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dynamics of potassium leaching on a hillslope grassland soil</atitle><jtitle>Journal of environmental quality</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><date>2004-01-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>33</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>192</spage><epage>200</epage><pages>192-200</pages><issn>0047-2425</issn><eissn>1537-2537</eissn><coden>JEVQAA</coden><abstract>There have been only a few studies of potassium (K) losses from grassland systems, and little is known about their dynamics, especially in relation to nitrogen (N) management. A study was performed during the autumn and winter of 1999 and 2000 to understand the effects of N and drainage on the dynamics of K leaching on a hillslope grassland soil in southwestern England. Two N application rates were studied (0 and 280 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1)), both with and without tile drainage. Treatments receiving N also received farmyard manure (FM). Higher total K losses and K concentrations in the leachates were found in the N + FM treatments (150 and 185% higher than in 0 N treatments), which were related to K additions in the FM. Drainage reduced K losses by 35% because of an increase in dry matter production and a reduction in overland and preferential flow. The pattern of change in K concentration in the leachates was associated with preferential flow at the beginning of the drainage season and with matrix flow later in winter, and was best described by a double exponential curve. Rainfall intensity and the autumn application of FM were the main determinants of K losses by leaching. The study provided new insights into the relationships between soil hydrology, rainfall, and K leaching and its implications for grassland systems.</abstract><cop>Madison, WI</cop><pub>Crop Science Society of America</pub><pmid>14964374</pmid><doi>10.2134/jeq2004.0192</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Agronomy Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Animal manures Autumn Biological and medical sciences Determinants Drainage drainage water Dry matter dry matter accumulation Drying Dynamic tests Dynamical systems Dynamics Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Ecosystems England Environmental quality Exact sciences and technology fertilizer rates Fertilizers Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology grassland soils Grasslands hills Humans Hydrogeology Hydrology Hydrology. Hydrogeology Leachates Leaching losses from soil NPK fertilizers Physical properties Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils Poaceae Potassium Potassium - chemistry Preferential flow Rain rain intensity Rainfall Rainfall intensity Receiving Reduction Seasons slope Soil Soil (material) Soil and water pollution Soil hydrology soil nutrient balance Soil science Soils Tile drainage Water and solute dynamics water flow Winter |
| title | Dynamics of potassium leaching on a hillslope grassland soil |
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