Risk of Disease from Wildlife Reservoirs: Badgers, Cattle, and Bovine Tuberculosis
Livestock face complex foraging options associated with optimizing nutrient intake while being able to avoid areas posing risk of parasites or disease. Areas of tall nutrient-rich swards around fecal deposits may be attractive for grazing, but might incur fitness costs from parasites. We use the exa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of dairy science 2004-02, Vol.87 (2), p.330-339 |
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| creator | Scantlebury, M. Hutchings, M.R. Allcroft, D.J. Harris, S. |
| description | Livestock face complex foraging options associated with optimizing nutrient intake while being able to avoid areas posing risk of parasites or disease. Areas of tall nutrient-rich swards around fecal deposits may be attractive for grazing, but might incur fitness costs from parasites. We use the example of dairy cattle and the risks of tuberculosis transmission posed to them by pastures contaminated with badger excreta to examine this trade-off. A risk may be posed either by aerosolized inhalation through investigation or by ingestion via grazing contaminated swards. We quantified the levels of investigation and grazing of 150 dairy cows at badger latrines (accumulations of feces and urine) and crossing points (urination-only sites). Grazing behavior was compared between strip-grazed and rotation-grazed fields. Strip grazing had fields subdivided for grazing periods of |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73172-0 |
| format | Article |
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Areas of tall nutrient-rich swards around fecal deposits may be attractive for grazing, but might incur fitness costs from parasites. We use the example of dairy cattle and the risks of tuberculosis transmission posed to them by pastures contaminated with badger excreta to examine this trade-off. A risk may be posed either by aerosolized inhalation through investigation or by ingestion via grazing contaminated swards. We quantified the levels of investigation and grazing of 150 dairy cows at badger latrines (accumulations of feces and urine) and crossing points (urination-only sites). Grazing behavior was compared between strip-grazed and rotation-grazed fields. Strip grazing had fields subdivided for grazing periods of <24h, whereas rotational grazing involved access to whole fields for 1 to 7 d each. A higher proportion of the herd investigated badger latrines than crossing points or controls. Cattle initially avoided swards around badger latrines but not around crossing points. Avoidance periods were shorter in strip-compared with rotation-grazing systems. In rotation-grazing management, latrines were avoided for longer times, but there were more investigative contacts than with strip-grazing management. If investigation is a major route of tuberculosis transmission, the risk to cattle is greatest in extensive rotation-grazing systems. However, if ingestion of fresh urine is the primary method of transmission, strip-grazing management may pose a greater threat. Farming systems affect the level and type of contact between livestock and wildlife excreta and thus the risks of disease.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0302</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3198</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73172-0</identifier><identifier>PMID: 14762076</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSCAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Savoy, IL: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Agriculture - methods ; animal behavior ; Animal productions ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; bovine tuberculosis ; Carnivora ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases - microbiology ; Cattle Diseases - transmission ; dairy cow ; dairy cows ; disease reservoirs ; Disease Reservoirs - veterinary ; Eating ; Environment ; Feces - microbiology ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; grazing intensity ; Health risks ; lactation ; Meles meles ; Milk and cheese industries. 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Areas of tall nutrient-rich swards around fecal deposits may be attractive for grazing, but might incur fitness costs from parasites. We use the example of dairy cattle and the risks of tuberculosis transmission posed to them by pastures contaminated with badger excreta to examine this trade-off. A risk may be posed either by aerosolized inhalation through investigation or by ingestion via grazing contaminated swards. We quantified the levels of investigation and grazing of 150 dairy cows at badger latrines (accumulations of feces and urine) and crossing points (urination-only sites). Grazing behavior was compared between strip-grazed and rotation-grazed fields. Strip grazing had fields subdivided for grazing periods of <24h, whereas rotational grazing involved access to whole fields for 1 to 7 d each. A higher proportion of the herd investigated badger latrines than crossing points or controls. Cattle initially avoided swards around badger latrines but not around crossing points. Avoidance periods were shorter in strip-compared with rotation-grazing systems. In rotation-grazing management, latrines were avoided for longer times, but there were more investigative contacts than with strip-grazing management. If investigation is a major route of tuberculosis transmission, the risk to cattle is greatest in extensive rotation-grazing systems. However, if ingestion of fresh urine is the primary method of transmission, strip-grazing management may pose a greater threat. Farming systems affect the level and type of contact between livestock and wildlife excreta and thus the risks of disease.</description><subject>Agriculture - methods</subject><subject>animal behavior</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>bovine tuberculosis</subject><subject>Carnivora</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - microbiology</subject><subject>Cattle Diseases - transmission</subject><subject>dairy cow</subject><subject>dairy cows</subject><subject>disease reservoirs</subject><subject>Disease Reservoirs - veterinary</subject><subject>Eating</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Feces - microbiology</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>grazing intensity</subject><subject>Health risks</subject><subject>lactation</subject><subject>Meles meles</subject><subject>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</subject><subject>Mycobacterium bovis</subject><subject>nutrition</subject><subject>risk assessment</subject><subject>rotational grazing</subject><subject>strip grazing</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>Tuberculosis - transmission</subject><subject>Tuberculosis - veterinary</subject><subject>Urine - microbiology</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>Wildlife</subject><subject>wildlife-livestock relations</subject><issn>0022-0302</issn><issn>1525-3198</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkV2L1DAUhoMo7jj6F7QKisJ2zUfTNN654ycsCLO7eBnS9HQ2Y9usOe2I_950Z3DAK6_CgSfvyfuEkOeMnglWVm-3DZ5dUsp5TgXlr2nxRgmm0nSPLJjkMhdMV_fJ4i9yQh4hbtPIOJUPyQkrVMmpKhdkvfb4Iwtt9sEjWISsjaHPvvuu6XwL2RoQ4i74iO-yc9tsIOJptrLj2MFpZocmOw87P0B2NdUQ3dQF9PiYPGhth_DkcC7J9aePV6sv-cW3z19X7y9yJ4Ucc6jq2gqqaF2ABldoLopSKE4tNELLxJS0pJLJotK61rZttGhaJ8s61ShoIZbk1T73NoafE-Boeo8Ous4OECY0FWUpjusEvvgH3IYpDulthmlZcc4VS5DeQy4GxAituY2-t_G3YdTM1k2ybu6sm1mpoYW5s56mJXl6WDDVPTTHmwfNCXh5ACw627XRDs7jkZOSU63Ukbvxm5tfPoLB3nZdimXz-koZboSYFz7bc60Nxm5iyrq-5KkvpVqqqpzlrPYEpB_YeYgGnYfBQZNS3Wia4P-j2B_o8bTI</recordid><startdate>20040201</startdate><enddate>20040201</enddate><creator>Scantlebury, M.</creator><creator>Hutchings, M.R.</creator><creator>Allcroft, D.J.</creator><creator>Harris, S.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Am Dairy Sci Assoc</general><general>American Dairy Science Association</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20040201</creationdate><title>Risk of Disease from Wildlife Reservoirs: Badgers, Cattle, and Bovine Tuberculosis</title><author>Scantlebury, M. ; Hutchings, M.R. ; Allcroft, D.J. ; Harris, S.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c535t-e8bba3070b4e9ec4923463720aed39553560605154899b9afd93dfc56b0214043</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Agriculture - methods</topic><topic>animal behavior</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>bovine tuberculosis</topic><topic>Carnivora</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - microbiology</topic><topic>Cattle Diseases - transmission</topic><topic>dairy cow</topic><topic>dairy cows</topic><topic>disease reservoirs</topic><topic>Disease Reservoirs - veterinary</topic><topic>Eating</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Feces - microbiology</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>grazing intensity</topic><topic>Health risks</topic><topic>lactation</topic><topic>Meles meles</topic><topic>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</topic><topic>Mycobacterium bovis</topic><topic>nutrition</topic><topic>risk assessment</topic><topic>rotational grazing</topic><topic>strip grazing</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>Tuberculosis - transmission</topic><topic>Tuberculosis - veterinary</topic><topic>Urine - microbiology</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><topic>Wildlife</topic><topic>wildlife-livestock relations</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Scantlebury, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hutchings, M.R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Allcroft, D.J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harris, S.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Scantlebury, M.</au><au>Hutchings, M.R.</au><au>Allcroft, D.J.</au><au>Harris, S.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Risk of Disease from Wildlife Reservoirs: Badgers, Cattle, and Bovine Tuberculosis</atitle><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><date>2004-02-01</date><risdate>2004</risdate><volume>87</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>330</spage><epage>339</epage><pages>330-339</pages><issn>0022-0302</issn><eissn>1525-3198</eissn><coden>JDSCAE</coden><abstract>Livestock face complex foraging options associated with optimizing nutrient intake while being able to avoid areas posing risk of parasites or disease. Areas of tall nutrient-rich swards around fecal deposits may be attractive for grazing, but might incur fitness costs from parasites. We use the example of dairy cattle and the risks of tuberculosis transmission posed to them by pastures contaminated with badger excreta to examine this trade-off. A risk may be posed either by aerosolized inhalation through investigation or by ingestion via grazing contaminated swards. We quantified the levels of investigation and grazing of 150 dairy cows at badger latrines (accumulations of feces and urine) and crossing points (urination-only sites). Grazing behavior was compared between strip-grazed and rotation-grazed fields. Strip grazing had fields subdivided for grazing periods of <24h, whereas rotational grazing involved access to whole fields for 1 to 7 d each. A higher proportion of the herd investigated badger latrines than crossing points or controls. Cattle initially avoided swards around badger latrines but not around crossing points. Avoidance periods were shorter in strip-compared with rotation-grazing systems. In rotation-grazing management, latrines were avoided for longer times, but there were more investigative contacts than with strip-grazing management. If investigation is a major route of tuberculosis transmission, the risk to cattle is greatest in extensive rotation-grazing systems. However, if ingestion of fresh urine is the primary method of transmission, strip-grazing management may pose a greater threat. Farming systems affect the level and type of contact between livestock and wildlife excreta and thus the risks of disease.</abstract><cop>Savoy, IL</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>14762076</pmid><doi>10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73172-0</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of dairy science, 2004-02, Vol.87 (2), p.330-339 |
| issn | 0022-0302 1525-3198 |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Agriculture - methods animal behavior Animal productions Animals Biological and medical sciences bovine tuberculosis Carnivora Cattle Cattle Diseases - microbiology Cattle Diseases - transmission dairy cow dairy cows disease reservoirs Disease Reservoirs - veterinary Eating Environment Feces - microbiology Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology grazing intensity Health risks lactation Meles meles Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams Mycobacterium bovis nutrition risk assessment rotational grazing strip grazing Terrestrial animal productions Tuberculosis - transmission Tuberculosis - veterinary Urine - microbiology Vertebrates Wildlife wildlife-livestock relations |
| title | Risk of Disease from Wildlife Reservoirs: Badgers, Cattle, and Bovine Tuberculosis |
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