Direct evidence for cyanide-insensitive quinol oxidase (alternative oxidase) in apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum: phylogenetic and therapeutic implications

Cryptosporidium parvum is a parasitic protozoan that causes the diarrheal disease cryptosporidiosis, for which no satisfactory chemotherapy is currently available. Although the presence of mitochondria in this parasite has been suggested, its respiratory system is poorly understood due to difficulti...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2004-01, Vol.313 (4), p.1044-1052
Hauptverfasser: Suzuki, Takashi, Hashimoto, Tetsuo, Yabu, Yoshisada, Kido, Yasutoshi, Sakamoto, Kimitoshi, Nihei, Coh-ichi, Hato, Mariko, Suzuki, Shu-ichi, Amano, Yuko, Nagai, Kazuo, Hosokawa, Tomoyoshi, Minagawa, Nobuko, Ohta, Nobuo, Kita, Kiyoshi
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container_issue 4
container_start_page 1044
container_title Biochemical and biophysical research communications
container_volume 313
creator Suzuki, Takashi
Hashimoto, Tetsuo
Yabu, Yoshisada
Kido, Yasutoshi
Sakamoto, Kimitoshi
Nihei, Coh-ichi
Hato, Mariko
Suzuki, Shu-ichi
Amano, Yuko
Nagai, Kazuo
Hosokawa, Tomoyoshi
Minagawa, Nobuko
Ohta, Nobuo
Kita, Kiyoshi
description Cryptosporidium parvum is a parasitic protozoan that causes the diarrheal disease cryptosporidiosis, for which no satisfactory chemotherapy is currently available. Although the presence of mitochondria in this parasite has been suggested, its respiratory system is poorly understood due to difficulties in performing biochemical analyses. In order to better understand the respiratory chain of C. parvum, we surveyed its genomic DNA database in GenBank and identified a partial sequence encoding cyanide-insensitive alternative oxidase (AOX). Based on this sequence, we cloned C. parvum AOX ( CpAOX) cDNA from the phylum apicomplexa for the first time. The deduced amino acid sequence (335 a.a.) of CpAOX contains diiron coordination motifs (–E–, –EXXH–) that are conserved among AOXs. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that CpAOX is a mitochondrial-type AOX, possibly derived from mitochondrial endosymbiont gene transfer. The recombinant enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli showed quinol oxidase activity. This activity was insensitive to cyanide and highly sensitive to ascofuranone, a specific inhibitor of trypanosome AOX.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.038
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Although the presence of mitochondria in this parasite has been suggested, its respiratory system is poorly understood due to difficulties in performing biochemical analyses. In order to better understand the respiratory chain of C. parvum, we surveyed its genomic DNA database in GenBank and identified a partial sequence encoding cyanide-insensitive alternative oxidase (AOX). Based on this sequence, we cloned C. parvum AOX ( CpAOX) cDNA from the phylum apicomplexa for the first time. The deduced amino acid sequence (335 a.a.) of CpAOX contains diiron coordination motifs (–E–, –EXXH–) that are conserved among AOXs. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that CpAOX is a mitochondrial-type AOX, possibly derived from mitochondrial endosymbiont gene transfer. The recombinant enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli showed quinol oxidase activity. This activity was insensitive to cyanide and highly sensitive to ascofuranone, a specific inhibitor of trypanosome AOX.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>14706648</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.038</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Alternative oxidase
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Ascofuranone
Base Sequence
Cloning, Molecular
Cryptosporidiosis - drug therapy
Cryptosporidium parvum
Cryptosporidium parvum - drug effects
Cryptosporidium parvum - enzymology
Cryptosporidium parvum - genetics
DNA, Protozoan - genetics
Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology
Humans
Mitochondria - enzymology
Molecular Sequence Data
Oxidoreductases - antagonists & inhibitors
Oxidoreductases - chemistry
Oxidoreductases - genetics
Oxidoreductases - metabolism
Phylogenetic analysis
Phylogeny
Recombinant Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors
Recombinant Proteins - chemistry
Recombinant Proteins - genetics
Recombinant Proteins - metabolism
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology
title Direct evidence for cyanide-insensitive quinol oxidase (alternative oxidase) in apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum: phylogenetic and therapeutic implications
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