A Cross-Cultural Study of Family and Peer Correlates of Adolescent Misconduct
Participants were 4 groups of early adolescents from middle-class backgrounds (European and Chinese Americans in southern California and Chinese in Taipei, Taiwan, and Beijing, China). The 591 adolescents ( M age = 13.8 years) completed questionnaires about their involvement in misconduct and about...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Developmental psychology 1998-07, Vol.34 (4), p.770-781 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 781 |
---|---|
container_issue | 4 |
container_start_page | 770 |
container_title | Developmental psychology |
container_volume | 34 |
creator | Chen, Chuansheng Greenberger, Ellen Lester, Julia Dong, Qi Guo, Miaw-Sheue |
description | Participants were 4 groups of early adolescents from middle-class backgrounds (European and Chinese Americans in southern California and Chinese in Taipei, Taiwan, and Beijing, China). The 591 adolescents (
M
age = 13.8 years) completed questionnaires about their involvement in misconduct and about family and peer characteristics. Mothers of a subsample of adolescents (
n
= 405) also completed a questionnaire about their relationships with their adolescents. The 4 groups of adolescents reported significantly different mean levels of family and peer correlates but showed strikingly similar levels and patterns of self-reported misconduct. Structural equation models revealed that 2 latent variables (family relationships and peer sanctions) accounted for more variance in misconduct among European and Chinese American adolescents (51%-62%) than among the 2 Chinese groups (15%-24%), mainly because of a greater contribution of peer factors in the former groups. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0012-1649.34.4.770 |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_80035405</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><ericid>EJ574088</ericid><sourcerecordid>80035405</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a607t-25c719325c5b3100e1549d02b3d572512eb4eaeedbd1078fac05698e90a58a93</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkVtr3DAQRkUvpJu0f6C0YNrSl-CtbqPL42KSXkhIIHkXsjULDl57K9mB_feV2WVpSy9Pg_jOjKQ5hLxmdMmo0J8oZbxkStqlkEu51Jo-IQtmhS0pWPuUnDIAbQ1wo56RxZF-QU5TeshHKSyckBOrDOPKLsj1qqjikFJZTd04Rd8Vd-MUdsWwLi79pu12he9DcYsYi2qIETs_YprTVRg6TA32Y3Hdpmbow9SML8nzte8SvjrUM3J_eXFffSmvbj5_rVZXpVdUjyWHRuc35wK1YJQiA2kD5bUIoDkwjrVEjxjqwKg2a99QUNagpR6Mt-KMfNyP3cbh-4RpdJv8BOw63-MwJWcoFSAp_BcELalVIDP47jfwYZhin__gVN6ZEkD1vyDOJUgQRmXo_d8gpi3TDLiaKb6nmnn5EdduG9uNjzvHqJtFu1mdm9U5IZ10WXRuensYPdUbDMeWg8ycv9nnGNvmmF58m39pTI7P97HferdNu8bHsW1miVMW248u4OPPl334M_0r9gObVsJ-</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>614363507</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>A Cross-Cultural Study of Family and Peer Correlates of Adolescent Misconduct</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>EBSCOhost APA PsycARTICLES</source><source>Periodicals Index Online</source><source>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</source><creator>Chen, Chuansheng ; Greenberger, Ellen ; Lester, Julia ; Dong, Qi ; Guo, Miaw-Sheue</creator><contributor>Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn ; Rubin, Kenneth H</contributor><creatorcontrib>Chen, Chuansheng ; Greenberger, Ellen ; Lester, Julia ; Dong, Qi ; Guo, Miaw-Sheue ; Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn ; Rubin, Kenneth H</creatorcontrib><description>Participants were 4 groups of early adolescents from middle-class backgrounds (European and Chinese Americans in southern California and Chinese in Taipei, Taiwan, and Beijing, China). The 591 adolescents (
M
age = 13.8 years) completed questionnaires about their involvement in misconduct and about family and peer characteristics. Mothers of a subsample of adolescents (
n
= 405) also completed a questionnaire about their relationships with their adolescents. The 4 groups of adolescents reported significantly different mean levels of family and peer correlates but showed strikingly similar levels and patterns of self-reported misconduct. Structural equation models revealed that 2 latent variables (family relationships and peer sanctions) accounted for more variance in misconduct among European and Chinese American adolescents (51%-62%) than among the 2 Chinese groups (15%-24%), mainly because of a greater contribution of peer factors in the former groups.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-1649</identifier><identifier>ISBN: 1557985286</identifier><identifier>ISBN: 9781557985286</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-0599</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.34.4.770</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9681269</identifier><identifier>CODEN: DEVPA9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adolescent Attitudes ; Adolescent Behavior - ethnology ; Adolescents ; Asian Americans ; Asians ; Behavior ; Behavior Problems ; Child psychology ; China ; Chinese Americans ; Chinese People ; Correlates ; Correlation ; Cross Cultural Differences ; Cross Cultural Studies ; Crosscultural studies ; Cultural Characteristics ; Cultural Differences ; Cultural Influences ; Dangerous Behavior ; Early Adolescents ; European Americans ; Families & family life ; Family Characteristics ; Family Relations ; Female ; Foreign Countries ; Human ; Humans ; Male ; Misconduct ; Mother-Child Relations ; Mothers ; Parent Child Relationship ; Parental Attitudes ; Parenting ; Peer Group ; Peer Groups ; Peer Relations ; Questionnaires ; Social Adjustment ; Social influence ; Taiwanese People ; Teenagers ; United States ; White People</subject><ispartof>Developmental psychology, 1998-07, Vol.34 (4), p.770-781</ispartof><rights>1998 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>Copyright American Psychological Association Jul 1998</rights><rights>1998, American Psychological Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a607t-25c719325c5b3100e1549d02b3d572512eb4eaeedbd1078fac05698e90a58a93</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,27856,27911,27912,30986,30987</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ574088$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9681269$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn</contributor><contributor>Rubin, Kenneth H</contributor><creatorcontrib>Chen, Chuansheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenberger, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lester, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Miaw-Sheue</creatorcontrib><title>A Cross-Cultural Study of Family and Peer Correlates of Adolescent Misconduct</title><title>Developmental psychology</title><addtitle>Dev Psychol</addtitle><description>Participants were 4 groups of early adolescents from middle-class backgrounds (European and Chinese Americans in southern California and Chinese in Taipei, Taiwan, and Beijing, China). The 591 adolescents (
M
age = 13.8 years) completed questionnaires about their involvement in misconduct and about family and peer characteristics. Mothers of a subsample of adolescents (
n
= 405) also completed a questionnaire about their relationships with their adolescents. The 4 groups of adolescents reported significantly different mean levels of family and peer correlates but showed strikingly similar levels and patterns of self-reported misconduct. Structural equation models revealed that 2 latent variables (family relationships and peer sanctions) accounted for more variance in misconduct among European and Chinese American adolescents (51%-62%) than among the 2 Chinese groups (15%-24%), mainly because of a greater contribution of peer factors in the former groups.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescent Attitudes</subject><subject>Adolescent Behavior - ethnology</subject><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>Asian Americans</subject><subject>Asians</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Behavior Problems</subject><subject>Child psychology</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Chinese Americans</subject><subject>Chinese People</subject><subject>Correlates</subject><subject>Correlation</subject><subject>Cross Cultural Differences</subject><subject>Cross Cultural Studies</subject><subject>Crosscultural studies</subject><subject>Cultural Characteristics</subject><subject>Cultural Differences</subject><subject>Cultural Influences</subject><subject>Dangerous Behavior</subject><subject>Early Adolescents</subject><subject>European Americans</subject><subject>Families & family life</subject><subject>Family Characteristics</subject><subject>Family Relations</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Foreign Countries</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Misconduct</subject><subject>Mother-Child Relations</subject><subject>Mothers</subject><subject>Parent Child Relationship</subject><subject>Parental Attitudes</subject><subject>Parenting</subject><subject>Peer Group</subject><subject>Peer Groups</subject><subject>Peer Relations</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Social Adjustment</subject><subject>Social influence</subject><subject>Taiwanese People</subject><subject>Teenagers</subject><subject>United States</subject><subject>White People</subject><issn>0012-1649</issn><issn>1939-0599</issn><isbn>1557985286</isbn><isbn>9781557985286</isbn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>K30</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkVtr3DAQRkUvpJu0f6C0YNrSl-CtbqPL42KSXkhIIHkXsjULDl57K9mB_feV2WVpSy9Pg_jOjKQ5hLxmdMmo0J8oZbxkStqlkEu51Jo-IQtmhS0pWPuUnDIAbQ1wo56RxZF-QU5TeshHKSyckBOrDOPKLsj1qqjikFJZTd04Rd8Vd-MUdsWwLi79pu12he9DcYsYi2qIETs_YprTVRg6TA32Y3Hdpmbow9SML8nzte8SvjrUM3J_eXFffSmvbj5_rVZXpVdUjyWHRuc35wK1YJQiA2kD5bUIoDkwjrVEjxjqwKg2a99QUNagpR6Mt-KMfNyP3cbh-4RpdJv8BOw63-MwJWcoFSAp_BcELalVIDP47jfwYZhin__gVN6ZEkD1vyDOJUgQRmXo_d8gpi3TDLiaKb6nmnn5EdduG9uNjzvHqJtFu1mdm9U5IZ10WXRuensYPdUbDMeWg8ycv9nnGNvmmF58m39pTI7P97HferdNu8bHsW1miVMW248u4OPPl334M_0r9gObVsJ-</recordid><startdate>19980701</startdate><enddate>19980701</enddate><creator>Chen, Chuansheng</creator><creator>Greenberger, Ellen</creator><creator>Lester, Julia</creator><creator>Dong, Qi</creator><creator>Guo, Miaw-Sheue</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>7SW</scope><scope>BJH</scope><scope>BNH</scope><scope>BNI</scope><scope>BNJ</scope><scope>BNO</scope><scope>ERI</scope><scope>PET</scope><scope>REK</scope><scope>WWN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>HAGHG</scope><scope>JILTI</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>8BJ</scope><scope>FQK</scope><scope>JBE</scope><scope>K7.</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19980701</creationdate><title>A Cross-Cultural Study of Family and Peer Correlates of Adolescent Misconduct</title><author>Chen, Chuansheng ; Greenberger, Ellen ; Lester, Julia ; Dong, Qi ; Guo, Miaw-Sheue</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a607t-25c719325c5b3100e1549d02b3d572512eb4eaeedbd1078fac05698e90a58a93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adolescent Attitudes</topic><topic>Adolescent Behavior - ethnology</topic><topic>Adolescents</topic><topic>Asian Americans</topic><topic>Asians</topic><topic>Behavior</topic><topic>Behavior Problems</topic><topic>Child psychology</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Chinese Americans</topic><topic>Chinese People</topic><topic>Correlates</topic><topic>Correlation</topic><topic>Cross Cultural Differences</topic><topic>Cross Cultural Studies</topic><topic>Crosscultural studies</topic><topic>Cultural Characteristics</topic><topic>Cultural Differences</topic><topic>Cultural Influences</topic><topic>Dangerous Behavior</topic><topic>Early Adolescents</topic><topic>European Americans</topic><topic>Families & family life</topic><topic>Family Characteristics</topic><topic>Family Relations</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Foreign Countries</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Misconduct</topic><topic>Mother-Child Relations</topic><topic>Mothers</topic><topic>Parent Child Relationship</topic><topic>Parental Attitudes</topic><topic>Parenting</topic><topic>Peer Group</topic><topic>Peer Groups</topic><topic>Peer Relations</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Social Adjustment</topic><topic>Social influence</topic><topic>Taiwanese People</topic><topic>Teenagers</topic><topic>United States</topic><topic>White People</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chen, Chuansheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Greenberger, Ellen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lester, Julia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong, Qi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guo, Miaw-Sheue</creatorcontrib><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Ovid)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>ERIC( SilverPlatter )</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>ERIC PlusText (Legacy Platform)</collection><collection>Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)</collection><collection>ERIC</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 12</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segment 32</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - International</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - West</collection><collection>Periodicals Index Online Segments 1-50</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - MEA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Canada</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - West</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - EMEALA</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Midwest</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - North Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Northeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - South Central</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access & Build (Plan A) - Southeast</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access (Plan D) - UK / I</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - APAC</collection><collection>Primary Sources Access—Foundation Edition (Plan E) - MEA</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>International Bibliography of the Social Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest Criminal Justice (Alumni)</collection><collection>APA PsycArticles®</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Developmental psychology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chen, Chuansheng</au><au>Greenberger, Ellen</au><au>Lester, Julia</au><au>Dong, Qi</au><au>Guo, Miaw-Sheue</au><au>Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn</au><au>Rubin, Kenneth H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ574088</ericid><atitle>A Cross-Cultural Study of Family and Peer Correlates of Adolescent Misconduct</atitle><jtitle>Developmental psychology</jtitle><addtitle>Dev Psychol</addtitle><date>1998-07-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>34</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>770</spage><epage>781</epage><pages>770-781</pages><issn>0012-1649</issn><eissn>1939-0599</eissn><isbn>1557985286</isbn><isbn>9781557985286</isbn><coden>DEVPA9</coden><abstract>Participants were 4 groups of early adolescents from middle-class backgrounds (European and Chinese Americans in southern California and Chinese in Taipei, Taiwan, and Beijing, China). The 591 adolescents (
M
age = 13.8 years) completed questionnaires about their involvement in misconduct and about family and peer characteristics. Mothers of a subsample of adolescents (
n
= 405) also completed a questionnaire about their relationships with their adolescents. The 4 groups of adolescents reported significantly different mean levels of family and peer correlates but showed strikingly similar levels and patterns of self-reported misconduct. Structural equation models revealed that 2 latent variables (family relationships and peer sanctions) accounted for more variance in misconduct among European and Chinese American adolescents (51%-62%) than among the 2 Chinese groups (15%-24%), mainly because of a greater contribution of peer factors in the former groups.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>9681269</pmid><doi>10.1037/0012-1649.34.4.770</doi><tpages>12</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0012-1649 |
ispartof | Developmental psychology, 1998-07, Vol.34 (4), p.770-781 |
issn | 0012-1649 1939-0599 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_80035405 |
source | MEDLINE; EBSCOhost APA PsycARTICLES; Periodicals Index Online; Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) |
subjects | Adolescent Adolescent Attitudes Adolescent Behavior - ethnology Adolescents Asian Americans Asians Behavior Behavior Problems Child psychology China Chinese Americans Chinese People Correlates Correlation Cross Cultural Differences Cross Cultural Studies Crosscultural studies Cultural Characteristics Cultural Differences Cultural Influences Dangerous Behavior Early Adolescents European Americans Families & family life Family Characteristics Family Relations Female Foreign Countries Human Humans Male Misconduct Mother-Child Relations Mothers Parent Child Relationship Parental Attitudes Parenting Peer Group Peer Groups Peer Relations Questionnaires Social Adjustment Social influence Taiwanese People Teenagers United States White People |
title | A Cross-Cultural Study of Family and Peer Correlates of Adolescent Misconduct |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-15T21%3A34%3A56IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A%20Cross-Cultural%20Study%20of%20Family%20and%20Peer%20Correlates%20of%20Adolescent%20Misconduct&rft.jtitle=Developmental%20psychology&rft.au=Chen,%20Chuansheng&rft.date=1998-07-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=770&rft.epage=781&rft.pages=770-781&rft.issn=0012-1649&rft.eissn=1939-0599&rft.isbn=1557985286&rft.isbn_list=9781557985286&rft.coden=DEVPA9&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037/0012-1649.34.4.770&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E80035405%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=614363507&rft_id=info:pmid/9681269&rft_ericid=EJ574088&rfr_iscdi=true |