Changes in self-esteem in black and white girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years: The NHLBI growth and health study
Purpose: We examined changes in self-esteem and feelings of competence with physical appearance and social acceptance over approximately 5 years in 1166 white and 1213 black girls, aged 9 and 10 years at baseline. >Methods: Maturation stage and body mass index (BMI) were assessed annually. Bienni...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of adolescent health 1998-07, Vol.23 (1), p.7-19 |
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| creator | Brown, Kathleen M. McMahon, Robert P. Biro, Frank M. Crawford, Patricia Schreiber, George B. Similo, Shari L. Waclawiw, Myron Striegel-Moore, Ruth |
| description | Purpose: We examined changes in self-esteem and feelings of competence with physical appearance and social acceptance over approximately 5 years in 1166 white and 1213 black girls, aged 9 and 10 years at baseline.
>Methods: Maturation stage and body mass index (BMI) were assessed annually. Biennially girls completed Harter’s Self-Perception Profile for Children. Changes were analyzed in the context of race, sexual maturation, BMI, and household income. Longitudinal regression models were used to compare trends with age in global self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance.
Results: Mean global self-worth showed little change over ages 9–14 years in blacks (
p = 0.09) but decreased in whites (
p < 0.001). Mean physical appearance scores for both races declined between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). Mean social acceptance scores increased for both races between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). For all three scores, these changes differed between blacks and whites (all three
p values, ≤ 0.002). Adjustment for maturation stage, BMI, and household income did not alter the significance or direction of racial differences in the changes with age in global self-worth and physical appearance scores. Self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance scores decreased with increasing BMI. Decreases in physical appearance and social acceptance scores with increasing BMI were smaller in blacks than in whites (
p < 0.05). After adjustment for maturation stage and household income, racial differences in social acceptance scores depended on BMI (
p < 0.05) but not on age (
p = 0.08).
Conclusions: This article reports the first data on self-esteem scores by age for a large population of black girls aged 9 and 14 years and concludes that self-esteem does not follow the same developmental pattern in black as in white girls. A reason for black girls’ higher and more stable self-worth and their greater satisfaction with their physical appearance compared to white girls may be racial differences in attitudes toward physical appearance and obesity. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00238-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_79978746</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S1054139X97002383</els_id><sourcerecordid>79978746</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-e353t-ac5db8dfd8b62d08ca787e478ea11b117071460929de4f27ca22c65b3a0b92a43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkk1v1DAQhi1EVUrhJ1TyASE4pPVHEttcEKyAVlqVA0XiZk3sycaQTYqdsNp_j7NduPY0M3qfmZHHLyEXnF1yxuurb5xVZcGl-fHGqLeMCakL-YScca1MwY0ST3P-D3lGnqf0k-W-mrNTcmrqUjOuz8i86mDYYKJhoAn7tsA0IW6XsunB_aIweLrrwoR0E2KfaIPTDnGgU4cUlsaxpeZA8ZLuEWJ6R--ydnu9_nhDN3HcTd1B7hD6nKZp9vsX5KSFPuHLYzwn3z9_ultdF-uvX25WH9YFykpOBbjKN9q3Xje18Ew7UFphqTQC5w3niile1swI47FshXIghKurRgJrjIBSnpPXD3Pv4_h7zk-z25Ac9j0MOM7JKmPyxLJ-FKx5pSRX4lEwY0pLpjJ4cQTnZove3sewhbi3x8tn_dVRh-SgbyMMLqT_mJBClXLZ9_4Bw3ymPwGjTS7g4NCHiG6yfgyWM7s4wh4cYZfvtkbZgyOslH8BuGOlhw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>57378307</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Changes in self-esteem in black and white girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years: The NHLBI growth and health study</title><source>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals</source><source>Sociological Abstracts</source><creator>Brown, Kathleen M. ; McMahon, Robert P. ; Biro, Frank M. ; Crawford, Patricia ; Schreiber, George B. ; Similo, Shari L. ; Waclawiw, Myron ; Striegel-Moore, Ruth</creator><creatorcontrib>Brown, Kathleen M. ; McMahon, Robert P. ; Biro, Frank M. ; Crawford, Patricia ; Schreiber, George B. ; Similo, Shari L. ; Waclawiw, Myron ; Striegel-Moore, Ruth</creatorcontrib><description><![CDATA[Purpose: We examined changes in self-esteem and feelings of competence with physical appearance and social acceptance over approximately 5 years in 1166 white and 1213 black girls, aged 9 and 10 years at baseline.
>Methods: Maturation stage and body mass index (BMI) were assessed annually. Biennially girls completed Harter’s Self-Perception Profile for Children. Changes were analyzed in the context of race, sexual maturation, BMI, and household income. Longitudinal regression models were used to compare trends with age in global self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance.
Results: Mean global self-worth showed little change over ages 9–14 years in blacks (
p = 0.09) but decreased in whites (
p < 0.001). Mean physical appearance scores for both races declined between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). Mean social acceptance scores increased for both races between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). For all three scores, these changes differed between blacks and whites (all three
p values, ≤ 0.002). Adjustment for maturation stage, BMI, and household income did not alter the significance or direction of racial differences in the changes with age in global self-worth and physical appearance scores. Self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance scores decreased with increasing BMI. Decreases in physical appearance and social acceptance scores with increasing BMI were smaller in blacks than in whites (
p < 0.05). After adjustment for maturation stage and household income, racial differences in social acceptance scores depended on BMI (
p < 0.05) but not on age (
p = 0.08).
Conclusions: This article reports the first data on self-esteem scores by age for a large population of black girls aged 9 and 14 years and concludes that self-esteem does not follow the same developmental pattern in black as in white girls. A reason for black girls’ higher and more stable self-worth and their greater satisfaction with their physical appearance compared to white girls may be racial differences in attitudes toward physical appearance and obesity.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1054-139X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1972</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00238-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9648018</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JADHE5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Adolescent Development ; Adolescent girls ; Adolescents ; African Americans - psychology ; Age Factors ; Biological and medical sciences ; Black White Differences ; Blacks ; Body Image ; Body Mass Index ; California ; Changes ; Child ; Child Development ; Children ; Cincinnati, Ohio ; Competence ; European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology ; Female ; Females ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Longitudinal Studies ; Personality. Affectivity ; Physical appearance ; Psychological Tests ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychology. Psychophysiology ; Psychometrics ; Racial differences ; Self Concept ; Self Esteem ; Self representation ; Selfesteem ; Sexual Maturation ; Social acceptance ; Social Adjustment ; Social Class ; Social Desirability ; USA ; Washington, D.C ; Whites</subject><ispartof>Journal of adolescent health, 1998-07, Vol.23 (1), p.7-19</ispartof><rights>1998 Society for Adolescent Medicine</rights><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X97002383$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,30977,33752,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2327432$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9648018$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Brown, Kathleen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McMahon, Robert P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biro, Frank M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crawford, Patricia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schreiber, George B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Similo, Shari L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waclawiw, Myron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Striegel-Moore, Ruth</creatorcontrib><title>Changes in self-esteem in black and white girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years: The NHLBI growth and health study</title><title>Journal of adolescent health</title><addtitle>J Adolesc Health</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Purpose: We examined changes in self-esteem and feelings of competence with physical appearance and social acceptance over approximately 5 years in 1166 white and 1213 black girls, aged 9 and 10 years at baseline.
>Methods: Maturation stage and body mass index (BMI) were assessed annually. Biennially girls completed Harter’s Self-Perception Profile for Children. Changes were analyzed in the context of race, sexual maturation, BMI, and household income. Longitudinal regression models were used to compare trends with age in global self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance.
Results: Mean global self-worth showed little change over ages 9–14 years in blacks (
p = 0.09) but decreased in whites (
p < 0.001). Mean physical appearance scores for both races declined between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). Mean social acceptance scores increased for both races between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). For all three scores, these changes differed between blacks and whites (all three
p values, ≤ 0.002). Adjustment for maturation stage, BMI, and household income did not alter the significance or direction of racial differences in the changes with age in global self-worth and physical appearance scores. Self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance scores decreased with increasing BMI. Decreases in physical appearance and social acceptance scores with increasing BMI were smaller in blacks than in whites (
p < 0.05). After adjustment for maturation stage and household income, racial differences in social acceptance scores depended on BMI (
p < 0.05) but not on age (
p = 0.08).
Conclusions: This article reports the first data on self-esteem scores by age for a large population of black girls aged 9 and 14 years and concludes that self-esteem does not follow the same developmental pattern in black as in white girls. A reason for black girls’ higher and more stable self-worth and their greater satisfaction with their physical appearance compared to white girls may be racial differences in attitudes toward physical appearance and obesity.]]></description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescent Behavior</subject><subject>Adolescent Development</subject><subject>Adolescent girls</subject><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>African Americans - psychology</subject><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Black White Differences</subject><subject>Blacks</subject><subject>Body Image</subject><subject>Body Mass Index</subject><subject>California</subject><subject>Changes</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Development</subject><subject>Children</subject><subject>Cincinnati, Ohio</subject><subject>Competence</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Least-Squares Analysis</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Personality. Affectivity</subject><subject>Physical appearance</subject><subject>Psychological Tests</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Psychometrics</subject><subject>Racial differences</subject><subject>Self Concept</subject><subject>Self Esteem</subject><subject>Self representation</subject><subject>Selfesteem</subject><subject>Sexual Maturation</subject><subject>Social acceptance</subject><subject>Social Adjustment</subject><subject>Social Class</subject><subject>Social Desirability</subject><subject>USA</subject><subject>Washington, D.C</subject><subject>Whites</subject><issn>1054-139X</issn><issn>1879-1972</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>7QJ</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkk1v1DAQhi1EVUrhJ1TyASE4pPVHEttcEKyAVlqVA0XiZk3sycaQTYqdsNp_j7NduPY0M3qfmZHHLyEXnF1yxuurb5xVZcGl-fHGqLeMCakL-YScca1MwY0ST3P-D3lGnqf0k-W-mrNTcmrqUjOuz8i86mDYYKJhoAn7tsA0IW6XsunB_aIweLrrwoR0E2KfaIPTDnGgU4cUlsaxpeZA8ZLuEWJ6R--ydnu9_nhDN3HcTd1B7hD6nKZp9vsX5KSFPuHLYzwn3z9_ultdF-uvX25WH9YFykpOBbjKN9q3Xje18Ew7UFphqTQC5w3niile1swI47FshXIghKurRgJrjIBSnpPXD3Pv4_h7zk-z25Ac9j0MOM7JKmPyxLJ-FKx5pSRX4lEwY0pLpjJ4cQTnZove3sewhbi3x8tn_dVRh-SgbyMMLqT_mJBClXLZ9_4Bw3ymPwGjTS7g4NCHiG6yfgyWM7s4wh4cYZfvtkbZgyOslH8BuGOlhw</recordid><startdate>19980701</startdate><enddate>19980701</enddate><creator>Brown, Kathleen M.</creator><creator>McMahon, Robert P.</creator><creator>Biro, Frank M.</creator><creator>Crawford, Patricia</creator><creator>Schreiber, George B.</creator><creator>Similo, Shari L.</creator><creator>Waclawiw, Myron</creator><creator>Striegel-Moore, Ruth</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QJ</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>WZK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19980701</creationdate><title>Changes in self-esteem in black and white girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years: The NHLBI growth and health study</title><author>Brown, Kathleen M. ; McMahon, Robert P. ; Biro, Frank M. ; Crawford, Patricia ; Schreiber, George B. ; Similo, Shari L. ; Waclawiw, Myron ; Striegel-Moore, Ruth</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-e353t-ac5db8dfd8b62d08ca787e478ea11b117071460929de4f27ca22c65b3a0b92a43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adolescent Behavior</topic><topic>Adolescent Development</topic><topic>Adolescent girls</topic><topic>Adolescents</topic><topic>African Americans - psychology</topic><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Black White Differences</topic><topic>Blacks</topic><topic>Body Image</topic><topic>Body Mass Index</topic><topic>California</topic><topic>Changes</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child Development</topic><topic>Children</topic><topic>Cincinnati, Ohio</topic><topic>Competence</topic><topic>European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Females</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Least-Squares Analysis</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Personality. Affectivity</topic><topic>Physical appearance</topic><topic>Psychological Tests</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Psychometrics</topic><topic>Racial differences</topic><topic>Self Concept</topic><topic>Self Esteem</topic><topic>Self representation</topic><topic>Selfesteem</topic><topic>Sexual Maturation</topic><topic>Social acceptance</topic><topic>Social Adjustment</topic><topic>Social Class</topic><topic>Social Desirability</topic><topic>USA</topic><topic>Washington, D.C</topic><topic>Whites</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Brown, Kathleen M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McMahon, Robert P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Biro, Frank M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Crawford, Patricia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schreiber, George B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Similo, Shari L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Waclawiw, Myron</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Striegel-Moore, Ruth</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (pre-2017)</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts</collection><collection>Sociological Abstracts (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of adolescent health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Brown, Kathleen M.</au><au>McMahon, Robert P.</au><au>Biro, Frank M.</au><au>Crawford, Patricia</au><au>Schreiber, George B.</au><au>Similo, Shari L.</au><au>Waclawiw, Myron</au><au>Striegel-Moore, Ruth</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Changes in self-esteem in black and white girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years: The NHLBI growth and health study</atitle><jtitle>Journal of adolescent health</jtitle><addtitle>J Adolesc Health</addtitle><date>1998-07-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>7</spage><epage>19</epage><pages>7-19</pages><issn>1054-139X</issn><eissn>1879-1972</eissn><coden>JADHE5</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Purpose: We examined changes in self-esteem and feelings of competence with physical appearance and social acceptance over approximately 5 years in 1166 white and 1213 black girls, aged 9 and 10 years at baseline.
>Methods: Maturation stage and body mass index (BMI) were assessed annually. Biennially girls completed Harter’s Self-Perception Profile for Children. Changes were analyzed in the context of race, sexual maturation, BMI, and household income. Longitudinal regression models were used to compare trends with age in global self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance.
Results: Mean global self-worth showed little change over ages 9–14 years in blacks (
p = 0.09) but decreased in whites (
p < 0.001). Mean physical appearance scores for both races declined between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). Mean social acceptance scores increased for both races between ages 9 and 14 years (blacks,
p < 0.001; whites,
p < 0.001). For all three scores, these changes differed between blacks and whites (all three
p values, ≤ 0.002). Adjustment for maturation stage, BMI, and household income did not alter the significance or direction of racial differences in the changes with age in global self-worth and physical appearance scores. Self-worth, physical appearance, and social acceptance scores decreased with increasing BMI. Decreases in physical appearance and social acceptance scores with increasing BMI were smaller in blacks than in whites (
p < 0.05). After adjustment for maturation stage and household income, racial differences in social acceptance scores depended on BMI (
p < 0.05) but not on age (
p = 0.08).
Conclusions: This article reports the first data on self-esteem scores by age for a large population of black girls aged 9 and 14 years and concludes that self-esteem does not follow the same developmental pattern in black as in white girls. A reason for black girls’ higher and more stable self-worth and their greater satisfaction with their physical appearance compared to white girls may be racial differences in attitudes toward physical appearance and obesity.]]></abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>9648018</pmid><doi>10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00238-3</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of adolescent health, 1998-07, Vol.23 (1), p.7-19 |
| issn | 1054-139X 1879-1972 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; Sociological Abstracts |
| subjects | Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Adolescent Development Adolescent girls Adolescents African Americans - psychology Age Factors Biological and medical sciences Black White Differences Blacks Body Image Body Mass Index California Changes Child Child Development Children Cincinnati, Ohio Competence European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology Female Females Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Least-Squares Analysis Longitudinal Studies Personality. Affectivity Physical appearance Psychological Tests Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Psychometrics Racial differences Self Concept Self Esteem Self representation Selfesteem Sexual Maturation Social acceptance Social Adjustment Social Class Social Desirability USA Washington, D.C Whites |
| title | Changes in self-esteem in black and white girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years: The NHLBI growth and health study |
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