The Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 10 Response in Pediatric Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Failure

To determine the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) response during the development of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure in children. Prospective study. University pediatric ICU. Fifty-three consecutive children with sepsis and 15 critically ill children without sepsis...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Chest 1998-06, Vol.113 (6), p.1625-1631
Hauptverfasser: Doughty, Lesley, Carcillo, Joseph A., Kaplan, Sandra, Janosky, Janine
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 1631
container_issue 6
container_start_page 1625
container_title Chest
container_volume 113
creator Doughty, Lesley
Carcillo, Joseph A.
Kaplan, Sandra
Janosky, Janine
description To determine the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) response during the development of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure in children. Prospective study. University pediatric ICU. Fifty-three consecutive children with sepsis and 15 critically ill children without sepsis. Plasma IL-10, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitrite+nitrate (stable end products of nitric oxide) levels and an organ failure index (OFI indicating the number of failing organ systems) were determined in 53 children on days 1 to 3 of sepsis and in control children on day 1. The effect of exogenous human IL-10 or neutralizing IL-10 antibody on supernatant IL-6 levels in ex vivo whole blood culture from 17 children on day 1 of sepsis. Children with three or more organ failures had higher plasma IL-10 levels than children with less than 3 organ failures (days 1 and 3; p
doi_str_mv 10.1378/chest.113.6.1625
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_79947300</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0012369216315082</els_id><sourcerecordid>30281706</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c537t-2fd90a1778cd2571ffb8a012fa1899f6846f375584521c4d23f48b8e46471e733</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1UU1v1DAQtRCoLIU7FyQLIW5Z_JHENrdqRWGloiIoZ8vrjLsujpPaSdH-e1yyqgCJkzWe9-a9mYfQS0rWlAv5zu4hT2tK-bpd05Y1j9CKKk4r3tT8MVoRQlnFW8Weomc535BSU9WeoBPVcioJX6G7qz3gzdCPELOZhnTAZ3HylY8umL5ffjaHafjhI-BtnCAFmEuBKcFfIY9DzIBL-QU6b6bkLf4GY_a52sZuttDhz3OY_BgAX6ZrE_G58WFO8Bw9cSZkeHF8T9H38w9Xm0_VxeXH7ebsorINF1PFXKeIoUJI27FGUOd20pSdnKFSKdfKunVcNI2sG0Zt3THuarmTULe1oCA4P0Vvl7ljGm7ncivd-2whBBNhmLMWStWCE1KAr_8B3gxzisWbZoTUijJGC4gsIJuGnBM4PSbfm3TQlOj7PPTvPHTJQ7f6Po9CeXWcO-966B4IxwBK_82xb7I1wSUTrc8PMMZUTeQfynt_vf_pE-jcmxDKUL5oHt3-pfx-oUC5752HpLP1EEsmhW4n3Q3-_7Z_ATQyuK0</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>200491221</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 10 Response in Pediatric Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Failure</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><creator>Doughty, Lesley ; Carcillo, Joseph A. ; Kaplan, Sandra ; Janosky, Janine</creator><creatorcontrib>Doughty, Lesley ; Carcillo, Joseph A. ; Kaplan, Sandra ; Janosky, Janine</creatorcontrib><description>To determine the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) response during the development of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure in children. Prospective study. University pediatric ICU. Fifty-three consecutive children with sepsis and 15 critically ill children without sepsis. Plasma IL-10, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitrite+nitrate (stable end products of nitric oxide) levels and an organ failure index (OFI indicating the number of failing organ systems) were determined in 53 children on days 1 to 3 of sepsis and in control children on day 1. The effect of exogenous human IL-10 or neutralizing IL-10 antibody on supernatant IL-6 levels in ex vivo whole blood culture from 17 children on day 1 of sepsis. Children with three or more organ failures had higher plasma IL-10 levels than children with less than 3 organ failures (days 1 and 3; p&lt;0.05). Children who developed sequential pulmonary/hepatic/renal failure had higher IL-10 levels (days 1 to 3; p&lt;0.05). Nonsurvivors had higher IL-10 levels (day 3; p&lt;0.05). IL-10 levels correlated with IL-6 levels (days 1 and 2) and nitrite+nitrate levels (days 1 and 3; p&lt;0.05). Whole blood samples incubated ex vivo with exogenous recombinant human IL-10 had decreased supernatant IL-6 levels (p&lt;0.05) and neutralizing IL-10 antibody showed no significant effect. A persistent compensatory anti-inflammatory cytokine response characterizes sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Administration of exogenous IL-10 may inhibit the early proinflammatory response; however, identification of individual immune responsiveness and possibility of persistent infection could be important to rational use in the later stages of pediatric sepsis.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-3692</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1931-3543</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1378/chest.113.6.1625</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9631803</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CHETBF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Northbrook, IL: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy ; Antibodies ; Biological and medical sciences ; Blood ; Blood Cells - metabolism ; Cell culture ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; children ; compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome ; Cytokines ; Emergency and intensive care: infection, septic shock ; Failure ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infections ; Intensive care medicine ; interleukin 10 ; interleukin 6 ; Interleukin-10 - blood ; Interleukin-10 - immunology ; Interleukin-10 - pharmacology ; Interleukin-6 - blood ; Isoantibodies - pharmacology ; Medical sciences ; Mortality ; Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ; multiple organ failure ; Multiple Organ Failure - blood ; Multiple Organ Failure - etiology ; Neutralization Tests ; Nitrates ; Nitrates - blood ; Nitric oxide ; Nitrites - blood ; Pediatrics ; Plasma ; Prospective Studies ; Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology ; Sepsis ; Sepsis - complications ; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF ; Variance analysis</subject><ispartof>Chest, 1998-06, Vol.113 (6), p.1625-1631</ispartof><rights>1998 The American College of Chest Physicians</rights><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American College of Chest Physicians Jun 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c537t-2fd90a1778cd2571ffb8a012fa1899f6846f375584521c4d23f48b8e46471e733</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c537t-2fd90a1778cd2571ffb8a012fa1899f6846f375584521c4d23f48b8e46471e733</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=2294081$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9631803$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Doughty, Lesley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carcillo, Joseph A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplan, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Janosky, Janine</creatorcontrib><title>The Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 10 Response in Pediatric Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Failure</title><title>Chest</title><addtitle>Chest</addtitle><description>To determine the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) response during the development of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure in children. Prospective study. University pediatric ICU. Fifty-three consecutive children with sepsis and 15 critically ill children without sepsis. Plasma IL-10, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitrite+nitrate (stable end products of nitric oxide) levels and an organ failure index (OFI indicating the number of failing organ systems) were determined in 53 children on days 1 to 3 of sepsis and in control children on day 1. The effect of exogenous human IL-10 or neutralizing IL-10 antibody on supernatant IL-6 levels in ex vivo whole blood culture from 17 children on day 1 of sepsis. Children with three or more organ failures had higher plasma IL-10 levels than children with less than 3 organ failures (days 1 and 3; p&lt;0.05). Children who developed sequential pulmonary/hepatic/renal failure had higher IL-10 levels (days 1 to 3; p&lt;0.05). Nonsurvivors had higher IL-10 levels (day 3; p&lt;0.05). IL-10 levels correlated with IL-6 levels (days 1 and 2) and nitrite+nitrate levels (days 1 and 3; p&lt;0.05). Whole blood samples incubated ex vivo with exogenous recombinant human IL-10 had decreased supernatant IL-6 levels (p&lt;0.05) and neutralizing IL-10 antibody showed no significant effect. A persistent compensatory anti-inflammatory cytokine response characterizes sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Administration of exogenous IL-10 may inhibit the early proinflammatory response; however, identification of individual immune responsiveness and possibility of persistent infection could be important to rational use in the later stages of pediatric sepsis.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood</subject><subject>Blood Cells - metabolism</subject><subject>Cell culture</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>children</subject><subject>compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Emergency and intensive care: infection, septic shock</subject><subject>Failure</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infant, Newborn</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Intensive care medicine</subject><subject>interleukin 10</subject><subject>interleukin 6</subject><subject>Interleukin-10 - blood</subject><subject>Interleukin-10 - immunology</subject><subject>Interleukin-10 - pharmacology</subject><subject>Interleukin-6 - blood</subject><subject>Isoantibodies - pharmacology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</subject><subject>multiple organ failure</subject><subject>Multiple Organ Failure - blood</subject><subject>Multiple Organ Failure - etiology</subject><subject>Neutralization Tests</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Nitrates - blood</subject><subject>Nitric oxide</subject><subject>Nitrites - blood</subject><subject>Pediatrics</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology</subject><subject>Sepsis</subject><subject>Sepsis - complications</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><issn>0012-3692</issn><issn>1931-3543</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp1UU1v1DAQtRCoLIU7FyQLIW5Z_JHENrdqRWGloiIoZ8vrjLsujpPaSdH-e1yyqgCJkzWe9-a9mYfQS0rWlAv5zu4hT2tK-bpd05Y1j9CKKk4r3tT8MVoRQlnFW8Weomc535BSU9WeoBPVcioJX6G7qz3gzdCPELOZhnTAZ3HylY8umL5ffjaHafjhI-BtnCAFmEuBKcFfIY9DzIBL-QU6b6bkLf4GY_a52sZuttDhz3OY_BgAX6ZrE_G58WFO8Bw9cSZkeHF8T9H38w9Xm0_VxeXH7ebsorINF1PFXKeIoUJI27FGUOd20pSdnKFSKdfKunVcNI2sG0Zt3THuarmTULe1oCA4P0Vvl7ljGm7ncivd-2whBBNhmLMWStWCE1KAr_8B3gxzisWbZoTUijJGC4gsIJuGnBM4PSbfm3TQlOj7PPTvPHTJQ7f6Po9CeXWcO-966B4IxwBK_82xb7I1wSUTrc8PMMZUTeQfynt_vf_pE-jcmxDKUL5oHt3-pfx-oUC5752HpLP1EEsmhW4n3Q3-_7Z_ATQyuK0</recordid><startdate>19980601</startdate><enddate>19980601</enddate><creator>Doughty, Lesley</creator><creator>Carcillo, Joseph A.</creator><creator>Kaplan, Sandra</creator><creator>Janosky, Janine</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>American College of Chest Physicians</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19980601</creationdate><title>The Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 10 Response in Pediatric Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Failure</title><author>Doughty, Lesley ; Carcillo, Joseph A. ; Kaplan, Sandra ; Janosky, Janine</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c537t-2fd90a1778cd2571ffb8a012fa1899f6846f375584521c4d23f48b8e46471e733</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood</topic><topic>Blood Cells - metabolism</topic><topic>Cell culture</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>children</topic><topic>compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome</topic><topic>Cytokines</topic><topic>Emergency and intensive care: infection, septic shock</topic><topic>Failure</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Intensive care medicine</topic><topic>interleukin 10</topic><topic>interleukin 6</topic><topic>Interleukin-10 - blood</topic><topic>Interleukin-10 - immunology</topic><topic>Interleukin-10 - pharmacology</topic><topic>Interleukin-6 - blood</topic><topic>Isoantibodies - pharmacology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome</topic><topic>multiple organ failure</topic><topic>Multiple Organ Failure - blood</topic><topic>Multiple Organ Failure - etiology</topic><topic>Neutralization Tests</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Nitrates - blood</topic><topic>Nitric oxide</topic><topic>Nitrites - blood</topic><topic>Pediatrics</topic><topic>Plasma</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology</topic><topic>Sepsis</topic><topic>Sepsis - complications</topic><topic>Tumor necrosis factor-TNF</topic><topic>Variance analysis</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Doughty, Lesley</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carcillo, Joseph A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kaplan, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Janosky, Janine</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Chest</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Doughty, Lesley</au><au>Carcillo, Joseph A.</au><au>Kaplan, Sandra</au><au>Janosky, Janine</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 10 Response in Pediatric Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Failure</atitle><jtitle>Chest</jtitle><addtitle>Chest</addtitle><date>1998-06-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>113</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1625</spage><epage>1631</epage><pages>1625-1631</pages><issn>0012-3692</issn><eissn>1931-3543</eissn><coden>CHETBF</coden><abstract>To determine the circulating anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) response during the development of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure in children. Prospective study. University pediatric ICU. Fifty-three consecutive children with sepsis and 15 critically ill children without sepsis. Plasma IL-10, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and nitrite+nitrate (stable end products of nitric oxide) levels and an organ failure index (OFI indicating the number of failing organ systems) were determined in 53 children on days 1 to 3 of sepsis and in control children on day 1. The effect of exogenous human IL-10 or neutralizing IL-10 antibody on supernatant IL-6 levels in ex vivo whole blood culture from 17 children on day 1 of sepsis. Children with three or more organ failures had higher plasma IL-10 levels than children with less than 3 organ failures (days 1 and 3; p&lt;0.05). Children who developed sequential pulmonary/hepatic/renal failure had higher IL-10 levels (days 1 to 3; p&lt;0.05). Nonsurvivors had higher IL-10 levels (day 3; p&lt;0.05). IL-10 levels correlated with IL-6 levels (days 1 and 2) and nitrite+nitrate levels (days 1 and 3; p&lt;0.05). Whole blood samples incubated ex vivo with exogenous recombinant human IL-10 had decreased supernatant IL-6 levels (p&lt;0.05) and neutralizing IL-10 antibody showed no significant effect. A persistent compensatory anti-inflammatory cytokine response characterizes sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Administration of exogenous IL-10 may inhibit the early proinflammatory response; however, identification of individual immune responsiveness and possibility of persistent infection could be important to rational use in the later stages of pediatric sepsis.</abstract><cop>Northbrook, IL</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>9631803</pmid><doi>10.1378/chest.113.6.1625</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0012-3692
ispartof Chest, 1998-06, Vol.113 (6), p.1625-1631
issn 0012-3692
1931-3543
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_79947300
source MEDLINE; Alma/SFX Local Collection
subjects Adolescent
Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy
Antibodies
Biological and medical sciences
Blood
Blood Cells - metabolism
Cell culture
Cells, Cultured
Child
Child, Preschool
children
compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome
Cytokines
Emergency and intensive care: infection, septic shock
Failure
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infections
Intensive care medicine
interleukin 10
interleukin 6
Interleukin-10 - blood
Interleukin-10 - immunology
Interleukin-10 - pharmacology
Interleukin-6 - blood
Isoantibodies - pharmacology
Medical sciences
Mortality
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
multiple organ failure
Multiple Organ Failure - blood
Multiple Organ Failure - etiology
Neutralization Tests
Nitrates
Nitrates - blood
Nitric oxide
Nitrites - blood
Pediatrics
Plasma
Prospective Studies
Recombinant Proteins - pharmacology
Sepsis
Sepsis - complications
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Variance analysis
title The Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 10 Response in Pediatric Sepsis-Induced Multiple Organ Failure
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-29T19%3A43%3A29IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20Compensatory%20Anti-inflammatory%20Cytokine%20Interleukin%2010%20Response%20in%20Pediatric%20Sepsis-Induced%20Multiple%20Organ%20Failure&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.au=Doughty,%20Lesley&rft.date=1998-06-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1625&rft.epage=1631&rft.pages=1625-1631&rft.issn=0012-3692&rft.eissn=1931-3543&rft.coden=CHETBF&rft_id=info:doi/10.1378/chest.113.6.1625&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E30281706%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=200491221&rft_id=info:pmid/9631803&rft_els_id=S0012369216315082&rfr_iscdi=true