Semicircular canal plane head impulses detect absent function of individual semicircular canals
We studied the human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in response to head 'impulses': brief, unpredictable, passive, high-acceleration (up to 4000 degrees/s2), low-amplitude (20-30 degrees) head rotations. We delivered the head impulses approximately in the plane of the semicircular canal (SC...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Brain (London, England : 1878) England : 1878), 1998-04, Vol.121 (4), p.699-716 |
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| container_title | Brain (London, England : 1878) |
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| creator | CREMER, P. D HALMAGYI, G. M AW, S. T CURTHOYS, I. S MCGARVIE, L. A TODD, M. J BLACK, R. A HANNIGAN, I. P |
| description | We studied the human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in response to head 'impulses': brief, unpredictable, passive, high-acceleration (up to 4000 degrees/s2), low-amplitude (20-30 degrees) head rotations. We delivered the head impulses approximately in the plane of the semicircular canal (SCC) being tested. To test the anterior and posterior SCCs, the head impulses were delivered in a diagonal plane, midway between the frontal (roll) and sagittal (pitch) planes. We recorded head and eye position in three dimensions with scleral search coils in nine normal subjects, seven patients following unilateral surgical vestibular neurectomy and three patients following unilateral posterior SCC occlusion. In the post-surgical patients we demonstrated a severe, permanent VOR gain deficit (0.2-0.3) for head impulses directed toward any single non-functioning SCC. The sensitivity of the test depends on the physiological properties of primary vestibular afferents, and its specificity depends on the anatomical orientation of the SCCs. The diagonal head impulse is the first test of individual vertical SCC function in humans, and together with the horizontal head impulse, forms a comprehensive battery of SCC-plane tests. These canal-plane impulses could be useful in evaluating patients with vertigo or other vestibular disorders. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/brain/121.4.699 |
| format | Article |
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D ; HALMAGYI, G. M ; AW, S. T ; CURTHOYS, I. S ; MCGARVIE, L. A ; TODD, M. J ; BLACK, R. A ; HANNIGAN, I. P</creator><creatorcontrib>CREMER, P. D ; HALMAGYI, G. M ; AW, S. T ; CURTHOYS, I. S ; MCGARVIE, L. A ; TODD, M. J ; BLACK, R. A ; HANNIGAN, I. P</creatorcontrib><description>We studied the human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in response to head 'impulses': brief, unpredictable, passive, high-acceleration (up to 4000 degrees/s2), low-amplitude (20-30 degrees) head rotations. We delivered the head impulses approximately in the plane of the semicircular canal (SCC) being tested. To test the anterior and posterior SCCs, the head impulses were delivered in a diagonal plane, midway between the frontal (roll) and sagittal (pitch) planes. We recorded head and eye position in three dimensions with scleral search coils in nine normal subjects, seven patients following unilateral surgical vestibular neurectomy and three patients following unilateral posterior SCC occlusion. In the post-surgical patients we demonstrated a severe, permanent VOR gain deficit (0.2-0.3) for head impulses directed toward any single non-functioning SCC. The sensitivity of the test depends on the physiological properties of primary vestibular afferents, and its specificity depends on the anatomical orientation of the SCCs. The diagonal head impulse is the first test of individual vertical SCC function in humans, and together with the horizontal head impulse, forms a comprehensive battery of SCC-plane tests. 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Vestibular system and equilibration ; Reference Values ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular - physiology ; Semicircular Canals - diagnostic imaging ; Semicircular Canals - physiology ; Semicircular Canals - surgery ; Space life sciences ; Temporal Bone - diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods ; Tropical medicine ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs ; Vestibular Nerve - surgery</subject><ispartof>Brain (London, England : 1878), 1998-04, Vol.121 (4), p.699-716</ispartof><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford University Press Apr 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c379t-68e84ad77f06cc6e18dfd2a051336a03c1963a1ba5ba4000eacf8891c0295c883</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2203494$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9577395$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>CREMER, P. 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Vestibular system and equilibration</subject><subject>Reference Values</subject><subject>Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular - physiology</subject><subject>Semicircular Canals - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Semicircular Canals - physiology</subject><subject>Semicircular Canals - surgery</subject><subject>Space life sciences</subject><subject>Temporal Bone - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods</subject><subject>Tropical medicine</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><subject>Vestibular Nerve - surgery</subject><issn>0006-8950</issn><issn>1460-2156</issn><issn>1460-2156</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkT1PHDEQhq2ICI6POlUkCyG6vfP4a-0SIRKQkFIk1Nas16sY7cdh70bi3-ODE0UoqKaYZ17Nq4eQb8DWwKzYNAnjuAEOa7nW1n4hK5CaVRyUPiArxpiujFXsiBzn_MgYSMH1ITm0qq6FVSvifoch-pj80mOiHkfs6bbHMdC_AVsah-3S55BpG-bgZ4pNDuNMu2X0c5xGOnU0jm38F9ulHOYPWfmUfO3KCGf7eUIeftz8ub6t7n_9vLu-uq-8qO1caROMxLauO6a91wFM27UcmQIhNDLhwWqB0KBqUJZWAX1njAXPuFXeGHFCLt9yt2l6WkKe3RCzD_2uyrRkV1sjFNT2U5AzDcbUvIDn_4GP05J2nRxYJcsXsIM2b5BPU84pdG6b4oDp2QFzO0HuVZArgpx0RVC5-L6PXZohtO_83kjZX-z3mD32XcLRx_yOcc6EtFK8ABgamdI</recordid><startdate>19980401</startdate><enddate>19980401</enddate><creator>CREMER, P. 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Vestibular system and equilibration</topic><topic>Reference Values</topic><topic>Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular - physiology</topic><topic>Semicircular Canals - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Semicircular Canals - physiology</topic><topic>Semicircular Canals - surgery</topic><topic>Space life sciences</topic><topic>Temporal Bone - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods</topic><topic>Tropical medicine</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><topic>Vestibular Nerve - surgery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>CREMER, P. D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HALMAGYI, G. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>AW, S. T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CURTHOYS, I. S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MCGARVIE, L. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>TODD, M. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BLACK, R. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HANNIGAN, I. 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M</au><au>AW, S. T</au><au>CURTHOYS, I. S</au><au>MCGARVIE, L. A</au><au>TODD, M. J</au><au>BLACK, R. A</au><au>HANNIGAN, I. P</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Semicircular canal plane head impulses detect absent function of individual semicircular canals</atitle><jtitle>Brain (London, England : 1878)</jtitle><addtitle>Brain</addtitle><date>1998-04-01</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>121</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>699</spage><epage>716</epage><pages>699-716</pages><issn>0006-8950</issn><issn>1460-2156</issn><eissn>1460-2156</eissn><coden>BRAIAK</coden><abstract>We studied the human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in response to head 'impulses': brief, unpredictable, passive, high-acceleration (up to 4000 degrees/s2), low-amplitude (20-30 degrees) head rotations. We delivered the head impulses approximately in the plane of the semicircular canal (SCC) being tested. To test the anterior and posterior SCCs, the head impulses were delivered in a diagonal plane, midway between the frontal (roll) and sagittal (pitch) planes. We recorded head and eye position in three dimensions with scleral search coils in nine normal subjects, seven patients following unilateral surgical vestibular neurectomy and three patients following unilateral posterior SCC occlusion. In the post-surgical patients we demonstrated a severe, permanent VOR gain deficit (0.2-0.3) for head impulses directed toward any single non-functioning SCC. The sensitivity of the test depends on the physiological properties of primary vestibular afferents, and its specificity depends on the anatomical orientation of the SCCs. The diagonal head impulse is the first test of individual vertical SCC function in humans, and together with the horizontal head impulse, forms a comprehensive battery of SCC-plane tests. 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| subjects | Adult Biological and medical sciences Calibration Eye Movements - physiology Functional Laterality Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Head Movements - physiology Humans Middle Aged Motor control and motor pathways. Reflexes. Control centers of vegetative functions. Vestibular system and equilibration Reference Values Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular - physiology Semicircular Canals - diagnostic imaging Semicircular Canals - physiology Semicircular Canals - surgery Space life sciences Temporal Bone - diagnostic imaging Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods Tropical medicine Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs Vestibular Nerve - surgery |
| title | Semicircular canal plane head impulses detect absent function of individual semicircular canals |
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