Extracellular Calcium Deprivation in Astrocytes: Regulation of mRNA Expression and Apoptosis
: Cell viability and gene expression were studied in primary astroglial cells cultured in a nominally calcium‐free medium. Ca2+ deprivation reduced progressively the astrocytes' viability, starting from 12 h; the restoration of a normal Ca2+ concentration (1.8 mM) in the medium after 12‐h depri...
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description | : Cell viability and gene expression were studied in primary astroglial cells cultured in a nominally calcium‐free medium. Ca2+ deprivation reduced progressively the astrocytes' viability, starting from 12 h; the restoration of a normal Ca2+ concentration (1.8 mM) in the medium after 12‐h deprivation reversed the degenerative effect within 24 h. Biochemical and morphological examinations indicated that cell death induced by Ca2+ deprivation was mediated by apoptosis. This was associated with the expression of c‐fos, c‐jun, and c‐myc, which, with different time courses, were induced in astrocytes after Ca2+ deprivation. Furthermore, shifting to a Ca2+‐free medium modified the expression of Ich‐1S transcript and rapidly increased intracellular cyclic AMP, which has been implicated in the transcriptional activation of immediate‐early genes. The absence of Ca2+ in the medium reduced the expression of constitutive proteins such as α‐actin, clusterin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, amyloid precursor protein, and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase. The expression of these mRNAs was reduced >50% after 8 h of Ca2+ deprivation, when the effect on cell viability was negligible. When Ca2+ deprivation was prolonged for 24 h the expression of mRNA dropped completely, and restoration of the Ca2+ ions in the medium for 48 h did not reverse this effect. In contrast with general assumption, the apoptotic machinery in astrocytes is activated similarly not only by increased Ca2+ influx but also with the extracellular Ca2+ deprivation. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041474.x |
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Ca2+ deprivation reduced progressively the astrocytes' viability, starting from 12 h; the restoration of a normal Ca2+ concentration (1.8 mM) in the medium after 12‐h deprivation reversed the degenerative effect within 24 h. Biochemical and morphological examinations indicated that cell death induced by Ca2+ deprivation was mediated by apoptosis. This was associated with the expression of c‐fos, c‐jun, and c‐myc, which, with different time courses, were induced in astrocytes after Ca2+ deprivation. Furthermore, shifting to a Ca2+‐free medium modified the expression of Ich‐1S transcript and rapidly increased intracellular cyclic AMP, which has been implicated in the transcriptional activation of immediate‐early genes. The absence of Ca2+ in the medium reduced the expression of constitutive proteins such as α‐actin, clusterin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, amyloid precursor protein, and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase. The expression of these mRNAs was reduced >50% after 8 h of Ca2+ deprivation, when the effect on cell viability was negligible. When Ca2+ deprivation was prolonged for 24 h the expression of mRNA dropped completely, and restoration of the Ca2+ ions in the medium for 48 h did not reverse this effect. In contrast with general assumption, the apoptotic machinery in astrocytes is activated similarly not only by increased Ca2+ influx but also with the extracellular Ca2+ deprivation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3042</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1471-4159</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041474.x</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9523564</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JONRA9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Apoptosis ; Apoptosis - physiology ; Astrocytes - metabolism ; Biological and medical sciences ; Ca2+ deprivation ; Calcium - deficiency ; Calcium‐free medium ; Caspase 2 ; Caspases ; Cell death ; Cell viability ; Constitutive proteins ; Culture Media - chemistry ; Culture Media - pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP - metabolism ; Extracellular Space - metabolism ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation - physiology ; Isolated neuron and nerve. Neuroglia ; Mice ; Neuroglia - metabolism ; Proteins - genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun - metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc - metabolism ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger - metabolism ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><ispartof>Journal of neurochemistry, 1998-04, Vol.70 (4), p.1474-1483</ispartof><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5564-c330ba7ff4a2e088fcba12ac67734f09a3d7b4372ad55856c136b558dd8c99593</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046%2Fj.1471-4159.1998.70041474.x$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1046%2Fj.1471-4159.1998.70041474.x$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2198740$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9523564$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chiesa, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angeretti, Nadia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Del Bo, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucca, Elisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Munna, Elettra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forloni, Gianluigi</creatorcontrib><title>Extracellular Calcium Deprivation in Astrocytes: Regulation of mRNA Expression and Apoptosis</title><title>Journal of neurochemistry</title><addtitle>J Neurochem</addtitle><description>: Cell viability and gene expression were studied in primary astroglial cells cultured in a nominally calcium‐free medium. Ca2+ deprivation reduced progressively the astrocytes' viability, starting from 12 h; the restoration of a normal Ca2+ concentration (1.8 mM) in the medium after 12‐h deprivation reversed the degenerative effect within 24 h. Biochemical and morphological examinations indicated that cell death induced by Ca2+ deprivation was mediated by apoptosis. This was associated with the expression of c‐fos, c‐jun, and c‐myc, which, with different time courses, were induced in astrocytes after Ca2+ deprivation. Furthermore, shifting to a Ca2+‐free medium modified the expression of Ich‐1S transcript and rapidly increased intracellular cyclic AMP, which has been implicated in the transcriptional activation of immediate‐early genes. The absence of Ca2+ in the medium reduced the expression of constitutive proteins such as α‐actin, clusterin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, amyloid precursor protein, and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase. The expression of these mRNAs was reduced >50% after 8 h of Ca2+ deprivation, when the effect on cell viability was negligible. When Ca2+ deprivation was prolonged for 24 h the expression of mRNA dropped completely, and restoration of the Ca2+ ions in the medium for 48 h did not reverse this effect. In contrast with general assumption, the apoptotic machinery in astrocytes is activated similarly not only by increased Ca2+ influx but also with the extracellular Ca2+ deprivation.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Apoptosis</subject><subject>Apoptosis - physiology</subject><subject>Astrocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Ca2+ deprivation</subject><subject>Calcium - deficiency</subject><subject>Calcium‐free medium</subject><subject>Caspase 2</subject><subject>Caspases</subject><subject>Cell death</subject><subject>Cell viability</subject><subject>Constitutive proteins</subject><subject>Culture Media - chemistry</subject><subject>Culture Media - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cyclic AMP - metabolism</subject><subject>Extracellular Space - metabolism</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation - physiology</subject><subject>Isolated neuron and nerve. Neuroglia</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Neuroglia - metabolism</subject><subject>Proteins - genetics</subject><subject>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism</subject><subject>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun - metabolism</subject><subject>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc - metabolism</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><issn>0022-3042</issn><issn>1471-4159</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqVkUtv1DAUha0KVIa2P6FSJFB3CX47htVoOhRQVaSq7JCsG8epMsoLO2ln_j1OZzpbxMr2Pd-1r89B6APBGcFcftpkhCuSciJ0RrTOM4UxjyWebU_Q4qi9QQuMKU0Z5vQdeh_CBmMiuSSn6FQLyoTkC_R7vR09WNc0UwM-WUFj66lNrt3g6ycY675L6i5ZhtH3dje68Dm5d48RfVH6Kmnv75bJejt4F8Jcgq5MlkM_jH2owzl6W0ET3MVhPUO_vq4fVt_S258331fL29SKOERqGcMFqKriQB3O88oWQChYqRTjFdbASlVwpiiUQuRCWsJkEXdlmVuthWZn6Gp_7-D7P5MLo2nrMP8JOtdPwSituKA5-ydIpCCESBrBL3vQ-j4E7yoT_WjB7wzBZg7BbMxstJmNNnMI5jUEs43dl4dnpqJ15bH34HrUPx50CBaaykNn63DEKNG54jhi13vsuW7c7n8mMD_uVq8n9hesH6Qn</recordid><startdate>199804</startdate><enddate>199804</enddate><creator>Chiesa, Roberto</creator><creator>Angeretti, Nadia</creator><creator>Del Bo, Roberto</creator><creator>Lucca, Elisa</creator><creator>Munna, Elettra</creator><creator>Forloni, Gianluigi</creator><general>Blackwell Science Ltd</general><general>Blackwell</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199804</creationdate><title>Extracellular Calcium Deprivation in Astrocytes: Regulation of mRNA Expression and Apoptosis</title><author>Chiesa, Roberto ; Angeretti, Nadia ; Del Bo, Roberto ; Lucca, Elisa ; Munna, Elettra ; Forloni, Gianluigi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5564-c330ba7ff4a2e088fcba12ac67734f09a3d7b4372ad55856c136b558dd8c99593</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Apoptosis</topic><topic>Apoptosis - physiology</topic><topic>Astrocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Ca2+ deprivation</topic><topic>Calcium - deficiency</topic><topic>Calcium‐free medium</topic><topic>Caspase 2</topic><topic>Caspases</topic><topic>Cell death</topic><topic>Cell viability</topic><topic>Constitutive proteins</topic><topic>Culture Media - chemistry</topic><topic>Culture Media - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cyclic AMP - metabolism</topic><topic>Extracellular Space - metabolism</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation - physiology</topic><topic>Isolated neuron and nerve. Neuroglia</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Neuroglia - metabolism</topic><topic>Proteins - genetics</topic><topic>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism</topic><topic>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun - metabolism</topic><topic>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc - metabolism</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>RNA, Messenger - metabolism</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chiesa, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Angeretti, Nadia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Del Bo, Roberto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lucca, Elisa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Munna, Elettra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forloni, Gianluigi</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of neurochemistry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chiesa, Roberto</au><au>Angeretti, Nadia</au><au>Del Bo, Roberto</au><au>Lucca, Elisa</au><au>Munna, Elettra</au><au>Forloni, Gianluigi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Extracellular Calcium Deprivation in Astrocytes: Regulation of mRNA Expression and Apoptosis</atitle><jtitle>Journal of neurochemistry</jtitle><addtitle>J Neurochem</addtitle><date>1998-04</date><risdate>1998</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1474</spage><epage>1483</epage><pages>1474-1483</pages><issn>0022-3042</issn><eissn>1471-4159</eissn><coden>JONRA9</coden><abstract>: Cell viability and gene expression were studied in primary astroglial cells cultured in a nominally calcium‐free medium. Ca2+ deprivation reduced progressively the astrocytes' viability, starting from 12 h; the restoration of a normal Ca2+ concentration (1.8 mM) in the medium after 12‐h deprivation reversed the degenerative effect within 24 h. Biochemical and morphological examinations indicated that cell death induced by Ca2+ deprivation was mediated by apoptosis. This was associated with the expression of c‐fos, c‐jun, and c‐myc, which, with different time courses, were induced in astrocytes after Ca2+ deprivation. Furthermore, shifting to a Ca2+‐free medium modified the expression of Ich‐1S transcript and rapidly increased intracellular cyclic AMP, which has been implicated in the transcriptional activation of immediate‐early genes. The absence of Ca2+ in the medium reduced the expression of constitutive proteins such as α‐actin, clusterin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, amyloid precursor protein, and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase. The expression of these mRNAs was reduced >50% after 8 h of Ca2+ deprivation, when the effect on cell viability was negligible. When Ca2+ deprivation was prolonged for 24 h the expression of mRNA dropped completely, and restoration of the Ca2+ ions in the medium for 48 h did not reverse this effect. In contrast with general assumption, the apoptotic machinery in astrocytes is activated similarly not only by increased Ca2+ influx but also with the extracellular Ca2+ deprivation.</abstract><cop>Oxford, UK</cop><pub>Blackwell Science Ltd</pub><pmid>9523564</pmid><doi>10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70041474.x</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Apoptosis Apoptosis - physiology Astrocytes - metabolism Biological and medical sciences Ca2+ deprivation Calcium - deficiency Calcium‐free medium Caspase 2 Caspases Cell death Cell viability Constitutive proteins Culture Media - chemistry Culture Media - pharmacology Cyclic AMP - metabolism Extracellular Space - metabolism Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects Gene Expression Regulation - physiology Isolated neuron and nerve. Neuroglia Mice Neuroglia - metabolism Proteins - genetics Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun - metabolism Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc - metabolism Rats RNA, Messenger - metabolism Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs |
title | Extracellular Calcium Deprivation in Astrocytes: Regulation of mRNA Expression and Apoptosis |
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