Obstructive jaundice promotes bacterial translocation from the gut
Experiments were performed to determine if obstructive jaundice promotes the translocation of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to visceral organs. Three groups of mice were studied: control (n=20), sham ligated (n=28), and bile duct ligated (n=33). The sham-ligated group underwent laparotomy...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The American journal of surgery 1990, Vol.159 (1), p.79-84 |
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| creator | Deitch, Edwin A. Sittig, Kevin Li, Ma Berg, Rodney Specian, Robert D. |
| description | Experiments were performed to determine if obstructive jaundice promotes the translocation of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to visceral organs. Three groups of mice were studied: control (n=20), sham ligated (n=28), and bile duct ligated (n=33). The sham-ligated group underwent laparotomy and manipulation of the portal region, whereas the ligated group had their common bile ducts ligated. Seven days later, the mice were killed, their organs cultured, and the gastrointestinal tract examined histologically. The bilirubin levels of the ligated group (18.7 mg/dL) were elevated compared with the other groups (0.5 mg/dL) (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0002-9610(05)80610-5 |
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Three groups of mice were studied: control (n=20), sham ligated (n=28), and bile duct ligated (n=33). The sham-ligated group underwent laparotomy and manipulation of the portal region, whereas the ligated group had their common bile ducts ligated. Seven days later, the mice were killed, their organs cultured, and the gastrointestinal tract examined histologically. The bilirubin levels of the ligated group (18.7 mg/dL) were elevated compared with the other groups (0.5 mg/dL) (p<0.05). The incidence of bacterial translocation was higher in the ligated (33%) than in the control (5%) or sham-ligated (7%) groups (p<0.05). Since bile is important in binding endotoxin and maintaining a normal intestinal microflora, cecal bacterial populations were quantitated. The cecal levels of gram-negative, enteric bacilli were 100-fold higher in the bile duct-ligated mice in which bacterial translocation occurred (p<0.05), indicating that intestinal bacterial overgrowth was a major factor responsible for bacterial translocation. The mucosal appearance of the intestines from the control and sham-ligated groups was normal. In contrast, subepithelial edema involving the ileal villi was present in the ligated group. In conclusion, the absence of bile within the gastrointestinal tract allows intestinal overgrowth with enteric bacilli and the combination of bacterial overgrowth and mucosal injury appears to promote bacterial translocation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9610</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-1883</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9610(05)80610-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 2136788</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Cholestasis - etiology ; Cholestasis - microbiology ; Cholestasis - pathology ; Common Bile Duct - surgery ; Female ; Ileum - pathology ; Intestines - microbiology ; Ligation ; Liver - microbiology ; Liver - pathology ; Lymph Nodes - microbiology ; Male ; Mesentery ; Mice ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Spleen - microbiology</subject><ispartof>The American journal of surgery, 1990, Vol.159 (1), p.79-84</ispartof><rights>1990 Reed Publishing USA</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-5d35d12e4d28626d6c4a647f6ea16dc40f0db6e8ba86bea7699773b6ebb1cedb3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-5d35d12e4d28626d6c4a647f6ea16dc40f0db6e8ba86bea7699773b6ebb1cedb3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9610(05)80610-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,4024,27923,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2136788$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Deitch, Edwin A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sittig, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Ma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berg, Rodney</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Specian, Robert D.</creatorcontrib><title>Obstructive jaundice promotes bacterial translocation from the gut</title><title>The American journal of surgery</title><addtitle>Am J Surg</addtitle><description>Experiments were performed to determine if obstructive jaundice promotes the translocation of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to visceral organs. Three groups of mice were studied: control (n=20), sham ligated (n=28), and bile duct ligated (n=33). The sham-ligated group underwent laparotomy and manipulation of the portal region, whereas the ligated group had their common bile ducts ligated. Seven days later, the mice were killed, their organs cultured, and the gastrointestinal tract examined histologically. The bilirubin levels of the ligated group (18.7 mg/dL) were elevated compared with the other groups (0.5 mg/dL) (p<0.05). The incidence of bacterial translocation was higher in the ligated (33%) than in the control (5%) or sham-ligated (7%) groups (p<0.05). Since bile is important in binding endotoxin and maintaining a normal intestinal microflora, cecal bacterial populations were quantitated. The cecal levels of gram-negative, enteric bacilli were 100-fold higher in the bile duct-ligated mice in which bacterial translocation occurred (p<0.05), indicating that intestinal bacterial overgrowth was a major factor responsible for bacterial translocation. The mucosal appearance of the intestines from the control and sham-ligated groups was normal. In contrast, subepithelial edema involving the ileal villi was present in the ligated group. In conclusion, the absence of bile within the gastrointestinal tract allows intestinal overgrowth with enteric bacilli and the combination of bacterial overgrowth and mucosal injury appears to promote bacterial translocation.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Cholestasis - etiology</subject><subject>Cholestasis - microbiology</subject><subject>Cholestasis - pathology</subject><subject>Common Bile Duct - surgery</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Ileum - pathology</subject><subject>Intestines - microbiology</subject><subject>Ligation</subject><subject>Liver - microbiology</subject><subject>Liver - pathology</subject><subject>Lymph Nodes - microbiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mesentery</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms</subject><subject>Spleen - microbiology</subject><issn>0002-9610</issn><issn>1879-1883</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1990</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkMlKBDEQQIMoOi6fIPRJ9NCadJZOn0TFDQY8qOeQpVoz9DIm6QH_3jgzePWUSupVVeohdErwJcFEXL1ijKuyEQSfY34hcQ5KvoNmRNZNSaSku2j2hxygwxgX-UoIo_tovyJU1FLO0O2LiSlMNvkVFAs9Dc5bKJZh7McEsTDaJghed0UKeojdaHXy41C0GSjSJxQfUzpGe63uIpxszyP0_nD_dvdUzl8en-9u5qVljKaSO8odqYC5SopKOGGZFqxuBWginGW4xc4IkEZLYUDXomnqmuYXY4gFZ-gROtv0zb_7miAm1ftooev0AOMUVd1wygkT_4KENxWtJckg34A2jDEGaNUy-F6Hb0Ww-pWs1pLVr0GFuVpLVjzXnW4HTKYH91e1tZrz15s8ZB0rD0FF62HIW_gANik3-n8m_ABEaIy0</recordid><startdate>1990</startdate><enddate>1990</enddate><creator>Deitch, Edwin A.</creator><creator>Sittig, Kevin</creator><creator>Li, Ma</creator><creator>Berg, Rodney</creator><creator>Specian, Robert D.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>1990</creationdate><title>Obstructive jaundice promotes bacterial translocation from the gut</title><author>Deitch, Edwin A. ; Sittig, Kevin ; Li, Ma ; Berg, Rodney ; Specian, Robert D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-5d35d12e4d28626d6c4a647f6ea16dc40f0db6e8ba86bea7699773b6ebb1cedb3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1990</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Cholestasis - etiology</topic><topic>Cholestasis - microbiology</topic><topic>Cholestasis - pathology</topic><topic>Common Bile Duct - surgery</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Ileum - pathology</topic><topic>Intestines - microbiology</topic><topic>Ligation</topic><topic>Liver - microbiology</topic><topic>Liver - pathology</topic><topic>Lymph Nodes - microbiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mesentery</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms</topic><topic>Spleen - microbiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Deitch, Edwin A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sittig, Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Ma</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Berg, Rodney</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Specian, Robert D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The American journal of surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Deitch, Edwin A.</au><au>Sittig, Kevin</au><au>Li, Ma</au><au>Berg, Rodney</au><au>Specian, Robert D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Obstructive jaundice promotes bacterial translocation from the gut</atitle><jtitle>The American journal of surgery</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Surg</addtitle><date>1990</date><risdate>1990</risdate><volume>159</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>79</spage><epage>84</epage><pages>79-84</pages><issn>0002-9610</issn><eissn>1879-1883</eissn><abstract>Experiments were performed to determine if obstructive jaundice promotes the translocation of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract to visceral organs. Three groups of mice were studied: control (n=20), sham ligated (n=28), and bile duct ligated (n=33). The sham-ligated group underwent laparotomy and manipulation of the portal region, whereas the ligated group had their common bile ducts ligated. Seven days later, the mice were killed, their organs cultured, and the gastrointestinal tract examined histologically. The bilirubin levels of the ligated group (18.7 mg/dL) were elevated compared with the other groups (0.5 mg/dL) (p<0.05). The incidence of bacterial translocation was higher in the ligated (33%) than in the control (5%) or sham-ligated (7%) groups (p<0.05). Since bile is important in binding endotoxin and maintaining a normal intestinal microflora, cecal bacterial populations were quantitated. The cecal levels of gram-negative, enteric bacilli were 100-fold higher in the bile duct-ligated mice in which bacterial translocation occurred (p<0.05), indicating that intestinal bacterial overgrowth was a major factor responsible for bacterial translocation. The mucosal appearance of the intestines from the control and sham-ligated groups was normal. In contrast, subepithelial edema involving the ileal villi was present in the ligated group. In conclusion, the absence of bile within the gastrointestinal tract allows intestinal overgrowth with enteric bacilli and the combination of bacterial overgrowth and mucosal injury appears to promote bacterial translocation.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>2136788</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0002-9610(05)80610-5</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Cholestasis - etiology Cholestasis - microbiology Cholestasis - pathology Common Bile Duct - surgery Female Ileum - pathology Intestines - microbiology Ligation Liver - microbiology Liver - pathology Lymph Nodes - microbiology Male Mesentery Mice Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms Spleen - microbiology |
| title | Obstructive jaundice promotes bacterial translocation from the gut |
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