Effects of Physostigmine on the Startle in Guinea Pigs: Two Mechanisms Involved
The effects of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (PHY) on the auditory startle reflex in guinea pigs were studied. The dose–response curve of PHY appeared bell shaped, with a maximum effect dose of 0.3 mg/kg. In addition, PHY altered the shape of the startle response. The muscarinic a...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior biochemistry and behavior, 1997-12, Vol.58 (4), p.909-913 |
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| creator | Philippens, I.H.C.H.M Olivier, B Melchers, B.P.C |
| description | The effects of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (PHY) on the auditory startle reflex in guinea pigs were studied. The dose–response curve of PHY appeared bell shaped, with a maximum effect dose of 0.3 mg/kg. In addition, PHY altered the shape of the startle response. The muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (SCO) increased the startle at PHY doses above 0.3 mg/kg without affecting the PHY-induced shape of the response. The decreasing part of the startle due to PHY could be mimicked by the cholinesterase inhibitor soman in combination with 0.3 mg/kg PHY. It appeared that the decreasing part of the dose–response curve at higher dose levels is caused by the cholinesterase inhibitory action of PHY and, in view of the SCO effect, is mediated by muscarinergic receptors. The increasing part of the curve is probably caused by an agonistic action of PHY on neuronal nicotinergic receptors, because the antagonist mecamylamine (20 mg/kg) antagonized the effects of 0.3 mg/kg PHY both on the deflection and shape of the startle. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00025-7 |
| format | Article |
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The dose–response curve of PHY appeared bell shaped, with a maximum effect dose of 0.3 mg/kg. In addition, PHY altered the shape of the startle response. The muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (SCO) increased the startle at PHY doses above 0.3 mg/kg without affecting the PHY-induced shape of the response. The decreasing part of the startle due to PHY could be mimicked by the cholinesterase inhibitor soman in combination with 0.3 mg/kg PHY. It appeared that the decreasing part of the dose–response curve at higher dose levels is caused by the cholinesterase inhibitory action of PHY and, in view of the SCO effect, is mediated by muscarinergic receptors. The increasing part of the curve is probably caused by an agonistic action of PHY on neuronal nicotinergic receptors, because the antagonist mecamylamine (20 mg/kg) antagonized the effects of 0.3 mg/kg PHY both on the deflection and shape of the startle.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0091-3057</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-5177</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00025-7</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9408195</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PBBHAU</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Auditory startle reflex ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cholinergic Antagonists - pharmacology ; Cholinergic system ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors - pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Guinea pig ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Mecamylamine - pharmacology ; Medical sciences ; Motor Activity - drug effects ; Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology ; Neuropharmacology ; Neurotransmitters. Neurotransmission. Receptors ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Physostigmine ; Physostigmine - pharmacology ; Reflex, Startle - drug effects ; Scopolamine - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior, 1997-12, Vol.58 (4), p.909-913</ispartof><rights>1997 Elsevier Science Inc.</rights><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c420t-840569a504108ef3afac13a55063812b35fbafe106f5014d74ec109f2cf5c9e3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0091305797000257$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2083115$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9408195$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Philippens, I.H.C.H.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olivier, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Melchers, B.P.C</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Physostigmine on the Startle in Guinea Pigs: Two Mechanisms Involved</title><title>Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior</title><addtitle>Pharmacol Biochem Behav</addtitle><description>The effects of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (PHY) on the auditory startle reflex in guinea pigs were studied. The dose–response curve of PHY appeared bell shaped, with a maximum effect dose of 0.3 mg/kg. In addition, PHY altered the shape of the startle response. The muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (SCO) increased the startle at PHY doses above 0.3 mg/kg without affecting the PHY-induced shape of the response. The decreasing part of the startle due to PHY could be mimicked by the cholinesterase inhibitor soman in combination with 0.3 mg/kg PHY. It appeared that the decreasing part of the dose–response curve at higher dose levels is caused by the cholinesterase inhibitory action of PHY and, in view of the SCO effect, is mediated by muscarinergic receptors. The increasing part of the curve is probably caused by an agonistic action of PHY on neuronal nicotinergic receptors, because the antagonist mecamylamine (20 mg/kg) antagonized the effects of 0.3 mg/kg PHY both on the deflection and shape of the startle.</description><subject>Acoustic Stimulation</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Auditory startle reflex</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cholinergic Antagonists - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cholinergic system</subject><subject>Cholinesterase Inhibitors - pharmacology</subject><subject>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</subject><subject>Guinea pig</subject><subject>Guinea Pigs</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mecamylamine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Motor Activity - drug effects</subject><subject>Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology</subject><subject>Neuropharmacology</subject><subject>Neurotransmitters. Neurotransmission. Receptors</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Physostigmine</subject><subject>Physostigmine - pharmacology</subject><subject>Reflex, Startle - drug effects</subject><subject>Scopolamine - pharmacology</subject><issn>0091-3057</issn><issn>1873-5177</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkd9rFDEQgIMo9az-CYU8iOjD6mSz2Wx8KVJqLVRa6L2HXHbSi-xuambvpP-9ud5xr30amPnmB98wdibgqwDRfrsHMKKSoPRno78AQK0q_YotRKdlpYTWr9niiLxl74j-FKipW33CTkwDnTBqwW4vQ0A_E0-B362fKNEcH8Y4IU8Tn9fI72eX5wF5nPjVpuQdv4sP9J0v_yX-G_3aTZFG4tfTNg1b7N-zN8ENhB8O8ZQtf14uL35VN7dX1xc_birf1DBXXQOqNU5BI6DDIF1wXkinFLSyE_VKqrByAQW0QYFoet2gF2BC7YPyBuUp-7Qf-5jT3w3SbMdIHofBTZg2ZLVpdHGgXgRFK0EWSwVUe9DnRJQx2MccR5efrAC7E26fhdudTWu0fRZudek7OyzYrEbsj10Hw6X-8VB35N0Qspt8pCNWQyeF2GHnewyLtG3EbMlHnDz2MZf_2D7FFw75D8_rmzU</recordid><startdate>19971201</startdate><enddate>19971201</enddate><creator>Philippens, I.H.C.H.M</creator><creator>Olivier, B</creator><creator>Melchers, B.P.C</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19971201</creationdate><title>Effects of Physostigmine on the Startle in Guinea Pigs: Two Mechanisms Involved</title><author>Philippens, I.H.C.H.M ; Olivier, B ; Melchers, B.P.C</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c420t-840569a504108ef3afac13a55063812b35fbafe106f5014d74ec109f2cf5c9e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1997</creationdate><topic>Acoustic Stimulation</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Auditory startle reflex</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cholinergic Antagonists - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cholinergic system</topic><topic>Cholinesterase Inhibitors - pharmacology</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Guinea pig</topic><topic>Guinea Pigs</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mecamylamine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Motor Activity - drug effects</topic><topic>Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology</topic><topic>Neuropharmacology</topic><topic>Neurotransmitters. Neurotransmission. Receptors</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Physostigmine</topic><topic>Physostigmine - pharmacology</topic><topic>Reflex, Startle - drug effects</topic><topic>Scopolamine - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Philippens, I.H.C.H.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Olivier, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Melchers, B.P.C</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Philippens, I.H.C.H.M</au><au>Olivier, B</au><au>Melchers, B.P.C</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Physostigmine on the Startle in Guinea Pigs: Two Mechanisms Involved</atitle><jtitle>Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior</jtitle><addtitle>Pharmacol Biochem Behav</addtitle><date>1997-12-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>58</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>909</spage><epage>913</epage><pages>909-913</pages><issn>0091-3057</issn><eissn>1873-5177</eissn><coden>PBBHAU</coden><abstract>The effects of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (PHY) on the auditory startle reflex in guinea pigs were studied. The dose–response curve of PHY appeared bell shaped, with a maximum effect dose of 0.3 mg/kg. In addition, PHY altered the shape of the startle response. The muscarinic antagonist scopolamine (SCO) increased the startle at PHY doses above 0.3 mg/kg without affecting the PHY-induced shape of the response. The decreasing part of the startle due to PHY could be mimicked by the cholinesterase inhibitor soman in combination with 0.3 mg/kg PHY. It appeared that the decreasing part of the dose–response curve at higher dose levels is caused by the cholinesterase inhibitory action of PHY and, in view of the SCO effect, is mediated by muscarinergic receptors. The increasing part of the curve is probably caused by an agonistic action of PHY on neuronal nicotinergic receptors, because the antagonist mecamylamine (20 mg/kg) antagonized the effects of 0.3 mg/kg PHY both on the deflection and shape of the startle.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>9408195</pmid><doi>10.1016/S0091-3057(97)00025-7</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Acoustic Stimulation Animals Auditory startle reflex Biological and medical sciences Cholinergic Antagonists - pharmacology Cholinergic system Cholinesterase Inhibitors - pharmacology Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Guinea pig Guinea Pigs Male Mecamylamine - pharmacology Medical sciences Motor Activity - drug effects Muscarinic Antagonists - pharmacology Neuropharmacology Neurotransmitters. Neurotransmission. Receptors Pharmacology. Drug treatments Physostigmine Physostigmine - pharmacology Reflex, Startle - drug effects Scopolamine - pharmacology |
| title | Effects of Physostigmine on the Startle in Guinea Pigs: Two Mechanisms Involved |
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