Low frequency of p16/CDKN2A methylation in sporadic melanoma: Comparative approaches for methylation analysis of primary tumors
Methylation of the 5' CpG island of the p16 tumor suppressor gene represents one possible mechanism for inactivation of this cell cycle regulatory gene that is also a melanoma predisposition locus. We have investigated the potential contribution of somatic silencing of the p16 gene by DNA methy...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.) Ill.), 1997-12, Vol.57 (23), p.5336-5347 |
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description | Methylation of the 5' CpG island of the p16 tumor suppressor gene represents one possible mechanism for inactivation of this cell cycle regulatory gene that is also a melanoma predisposition locus. We have investigated the potential contribution of somatic silencing of the p16 gene by DNA methylation in 30 cases of sporadic cutaneous melanoma. The methylation status of the 5' CpG island of p16 was initially determined by Southern analysis and then reevaluated (in a blinded manner) using methylation-specific PCR, methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, and bisulfite genomic sequencing. All methodologies yielded concordant results, and significant levels of methylation were observed in 3 of the 30 (10%) melanoma DNAs analyzed. Of the three tumors found to be methylated, two were also positive for LOH on 9p21 (where the p16 gene resides), implying that both p16 alleles were inactivated, one via deletion and the other via methylation-associated transcriptional silencing. The association between methylation and transcriptional silencing of p16 was also further supported by inducing p16 expression with a DNA demethylating agent (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) in a melanoma cell line known to harbor a methylated p16 allele. Although methylation-associated gene silencing does not represent a common mechanism for p16 inactivation in sporadic melanoma, our findings provide support that PCR-based techniques, such as methylation-specific PCR and methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, can be reliably used for the accurate detection and quantitation of aberrant levels of DNA methylation in tumor specimens. |
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L ; BENDER, C. M ; YOU, E. H ; GLENDENING, J. M ; FLORES, J. F ; WALKER, G. J ; HAYWARD, N. K ; JONES, P. A ; FOUNTAIN, J. W</creator><creatorcontrib>GONZALGO, M. L ; BENDER, C. M ; YOU, E. H ; GLENDENING, J. M ; FLORES, J. F ; WALKER, G. J ; HAYWARD, N. K ; JONES, P. A ; FOUNTAIN, J. W</creatorcontrib><description>Methylation of the 5' CpG island of the p16 tumor suppressor gene represents one possible mechanism for inactivation of this cell cycle regulatory gene that is also a melanoma predisposition locus. We have investigated the potential contribution of somatic silencing of the p16 gene by DNA methylation in 30 cases of sporadic cutaneous melanoma. The methylation status of the 5' CpG island of p16 was initially determined by Southern analysis and then reevaluated (in a blinded manner) using methylation-specific PCR, methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, and bisulfite genomic sequencing. All methodologies yielded concordant results, and significant levels of methylation were observed in 3 of the 30 (10%) melanoma DNAs analyzed. Of the three tumors found to be methylated, two were also positive for LOH on 9p21 (where the p16 gene resides), implying that both p16 alleles were inactivated, one via deletion and the other via methylation-associated transcriptional silencing. The association between methylation and transcriptional silencing of p16 was also further supported by inducing p16 expression with a DNA demethylating agent (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) in a melanoma cell line known to harbor a methylated p16 allele. Although methylation-associated gene silencing does not represent a common mechanism for p16 inactivation in sporadic melanoma, our findings provide support that PCR-based techniques, such as methylation-specific PCR and methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, can be reliably used for the accurate detection and quantitation of aberrant levels of DNA methylation in tumor specimens.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0008-5472</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1538-7445</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9393758</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CNREA8</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Philadelphia, PA: American Association for Cancer Research</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 ; Dermatology ; Dinucleoside Phosphates ; DNA Methylation ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Neoplasm - chemistry ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Medical sciences ; Melanoma - genetics ; Melanoma - metabolism ; Melanoma - pathology ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Restriction Mapping ; Skin Neoplasms - genetics ; Skin Neoplasms - metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms - pathology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. 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J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HAYWARD, N. K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JONES, P. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FOUNTAIN, J. W</creatorcontrib><title>Low frequency of p16/CDKN2A methylation in sporadic melanoma: Comparative approaches for methylation analysis of primary tumors</title><title>Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.)</title><addtitle>Cancer Res</addtitle><description>Methylation of the 5' CpG island of the p16 tumor suppressor gene represents one possible mechanism for inactivation of this cell cycle regulatory gene that is also a melanoma predisposition locus. We have investigated the potential contribution of somatic silencing of the p16 gene by DNA methylation in 30 cases of sporadic cutaneous melanoma. The methylation status of the 5' CpG island of p16 was initially determined by Southern analysis and then reevaluated (in a blinded manner) using methylation-specific PCR, methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, and bisulfite genomic sequencing. All methodologies yielded concordant results, and significant levels of methylation were observed in 3 of the 30 (10%) melanoma DNAs analyzed. Of the three tumors found to be methylated, two were also positive for LOH on 9p21 (where the p16 gene resides), implying that both p16 alleles were inactivated, one via deletion and the other via methylation-associated transcriptional silencing. The association between methylation and transcriptional silencing of p16 was also further supported by inducing p16 expression with a DNA demethylating agent (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) in a melanoma cell line known to harbor a methylated p16 allele. Although methylation-associated gene silencing does not represent a common mechanism for p16 inactivation in sporadic melanoma, our findings provide support that PCR-based techniques, such as methylation-specific PCR and methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, can be reliably used for the accurate detection and quantitation of aberrant levels of DNA methylation in tumor specimens.</description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chromosome Deletion</subject><subject>Chromosome Mapping</subject><subject>Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9</subject><subject>Dermatology</subject><subject>Dinucleoside Phosphates</subject><subject>DNA Methylation</subject><subject>DNA Primers</subject><subject>DNA, Neoplasm - chemistry</subject><subject>Genes, p16</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Melanoma - genetics</subject><subject>Melanoma - metabolism</subject><subject>Melanoma - pathology</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Polymerase Chain Reaction</subject><subject>Promoter Regions, Genetic</subject><subject>Restriction Mapping</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - genetics</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - metabolism</subject><subject>Skin Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Tumor Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. 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W</creator><general>American Association for Cancer Research</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19971201</creationdate><title>Low frequency of p16/CDKN2A methylation in sporadic melanoma: Comparative approaches for methylation analysis of primary tumors</title><author>GONZALGO, M. L ; BENDER, C. M ; YOU, E. H ; GLENDENING, J. M ; FLORES, J. F ; WALKER, G. J ; HAYWARD, N. K ; JONES, P. A ; FOUNTAIN, J. 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Premalignant lesions</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>GONZALGO, M. L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BENDER, C. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>YOU, E. H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GLENDENING, J. M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FLORES, J. F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WALKER, G. J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>HAYWARD, N. K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JONES, P. A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>FOUNTAIN, J. 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W</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Low frequency of p16/CDKN2A methylation in sporadic melanoma: Comparative approaches for methylation analysis of primary tumors</atitle><jtitle>Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.)</jtitle><addtitle>Cancer Res</addtitle><date>1997-12-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>57</volume><issue>23</issue><spage>5336</spage><epage>5347</epage><pages>5336-5347</pages><issn>0008-5472</issn><eissn>1538-7445</eissn><coden>CNREA8</coden><abstract>Methylation of the 5' CpG island of the p16 tumor suppressor gene represents one possible mechanism for inactivation of this cell cycle regulatory gene that is also a melanoma predisposition locus. We have investigated the potential contribution of somatic silencing of the p16 gene by DNA methylation in 30 cases of sporadic cutaneous melanoma. The methylation status of the 5' CpG island of p16 was initially determined by Southern analysis and then reevaluated (in a blinded manner) using methylation-specific PCR, methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, and bisulfite genomic sequencing. All methodologies yielded concordant results, and significant levels of methylation were observed in 3 of the 30 (10%) melanoma DNAs analyzed. Of the three tumors found to be methylated, two were also positive for LOH on 9p21 (where the p16 gene resides), implying that both p16 alleles were inactivated, one via deletion and the other via methylation-associated transcriptional silencing. The association between methylation and transcriptional silencing of p16 was also further supported by inducing p16 expression with a DNA demethylating agent (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) in a melanoma cell line known to harbor a methylated p16 allele. Although methylation-associated gene silencing does not represent a common mechanism for p16 inactivation in sporadic melanoma, our findings provide support that PCR-based techniques, such as methylation-specific PCR and methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension, can be reliably used for the accurate detection and quantitation of aberrant levels of DNA methylation in tumor specimens.</abstract><cop>Philadelphia, PA</cop><pub>American Association for Cancer Research</pub><pmid>9393758</pmid><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Biological and medical sciences Chromosome Deletion Chromosome Mapping Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 Dermatology Dinucleoside Phosphates DNA Methylation DNA Primers DNA, Neoplasm - chemistry Genes, p16 Humans Medical sciences Melanoma - genetics Melanoma - metabolism Melanoma - pathology Mutation Polymerase Chain Reaction Promoter Regions, Genetic Restriction Mapping Skin Neoplasms - genetics Skin Neoplasms - metabolism Skin Neoplasms - pathology Tumor Cells, Cultured Tumors of the skin and soft tissue. Premalignant lesions |
title | Low frequency of p16/CDKN2A methylation in sporadic melanoma: Comparative approaches for methylation analysis of primary tumors |
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