From totipotent embryonic stem cells to spontaneously contracting smooth muscle cells: a retinoic acid and db‐cAMP in vitro differentiation model

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation is important in understanding vascular disease; however, no in vitro model is available. Totipotent mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells were used to establish such a model. To test whether the ES cell‐derived smooth muscle cells expressed VSMC‐specific...

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