Task-Unrelated-Thought Frequency as a Function of Age: A Laboratory Study
Using retrospective reports, Giambra (1977-1978 , 1979-1980) found an inverse relation between age and daydreaming/mind wandering. To deal with an alternate explanation of these results based on age-dependent memorial deficiencies and attitudes toward daydreaming/mind wandering and to provide indepe...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Psychology and aging 1989-06, Vol.4 (2), p.136-143 |
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| container_title | Psychology and aging |
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| creator | Giambra, Leonard M |
| description | Using retrospective reports,
Giambra (1977-1978
,
1979-1980)
found an inverse relation between age and daydreaming/mind wandering. To deal with an alternate explanation of these results based on age-dependent memorial deficiencies and attitudes toward daydreaming/mind wandering and to provide independent convergent validity, five experiments were carried out. Task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) were taken as the operational definition of daydreams/mind wanderings and their frequency recorded in vigilance tasks. All five experiments found an inverse relation between age (17-92 years,
N
= 471) and TUTs, confirming the reliability and validity of the earlier studies. The age-dependent reduction in TUTs was considered as evidence of reduced nonconscious information processing with increased age. The results of this study were incompatible with a recent theory that predicts for older individuals an increased input of irrelevant thoughts into working memory due to the older individual's reduced inhibitory control. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0882-7974.4.2.136 |
| format | Article |
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Giambra (1977-1978
,
1979-1980)
found an inverse relation between age and daydreaming/mind wandering. To deal with an alternate explanation of these results based on age-dependent memorial deficiencies and attitudes toward daydreaming/mind wandering and to provide independent convergent validity, five experiments were carried out. Task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) were taken as the operational definition of daydreams/mind wanderings and their frequency recorded in vigilance tasks. All five experiments found an inverse relation between age (17-92 years,
N
= 471) and TUTs, confirming the reliability and validity of the earlier studies. The age-dependent reduction in TUTs was considered as evidence of reduced nonconscious information processing with increased age. The results of this study were incompatible with a recent theory that predicts for older individuals an increased input of irrelevant thoughts into working memory due to the older individual's reduced inhibitory control.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0882-7974</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-1498</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0882-7974.4.2.136</identifier><identifier>PMID: 2789741</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Adult ; Age Differences ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging - psychology ; Attention ; Daydreaming ; Fantasy ; Female ; Human ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mind Wandering ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Psychomotor Performance ; Thinking</subject><ispartof>Psychology and aging, 1989-06, Vol.4 (2), p.136-143</ispartof><rights>Public Domain</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a452t-c219525f860bb2f9fd797ced7141a973c056ae16f06b199bd3bb2f352586ffe63</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2789741$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Lawton, M. Powell</contributor><creatorcontrib>Giambra, Leonard M</creatorcontrib><title>Task-Unrelated-Thought Frequency as a Function of Age: A Laboratory Study</title><title>Psychology and aging</title><addtitle>Psychol Aging</addtitle><description>Using retrospective reports,
Giambra (1977-1978
,
1979-1980)
found an inverse relation between age and daydreaming/mind wandering. To deal with an alternate explanation of these results based on age-dependent memorial deficiencies and attitudes toward daydreaming/mind wandering and to provide independent convergent validity, five experiments were carried out. Task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) were taken as the operational definition of daydreams/mind wanderings and their frequency recorded in vigilance tasks. All five experiments found an inverse relation between age (17-92 years,
N
= 471) and TUTs, confirming the reliability and validity of the earlier studies. The age-dependent reduction in TUTs was considered as evidence of reduced nonconscious information processing with increased age. The results of this study were incompatible with a recent theory that predicts for older individuals an increased input of irrelevant thoughts into working memory due to the older individual's reduced inhibitory control.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Differences</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Aging - psychology</subject><subject>Attention</subject><subject>Daydreaming</subject><subject>Fantasy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mind Wandering</subject><subject>Pattern Recognition, Visual</subject><subject>Psychomotor Performance</subject><subject>Thinking</subject><issn>0882-7974</issn><issn>1939-1498</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1989</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNptkN1LwzAUxYMoc07_AB-EouCD0JqvJs3jGE6FgS_bc0jTZB92bU3ah_33pnQMFZ8u3PO7h3MPALcIJggS_gyzDMdccJrQBCeIsDMwRoKIGFGRnYPxSb8EV97vIIQcCT4CI8yzsEVjkC6V_4xXlTOlak0RLzd1t9600dyZr85U-hApH6lo3lW63dZVVNtoujbX4MKq0pub45yA1fxlOXuLFx-v77PpIlY0xW2sMRIpTm3GYJ5jK2wRsmhTcESREpxomDJlELOQ5UiIvCA9RsJJxqw1jEzA4-DbuDrE8a3cb702ZakqU3decoExCW8H8P4PuKs7V4VskiGKBWVCBAgNkHa1985Y2bjtXrmDRFD2fcq-L9n3JanEcjC-Oxp3-d4Up4tjgUF_GnTVKNn4g1au3erSeN05Z6pWNmr9w-zhf_gX9Q1XHonS</recordid><startdate>19890601</startdate><enddate>19890601</enddate><creator>Giambra, Leonard M</creator><general>American Psychological Association</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7RZ</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19890601</creationdate><title>Task-Unrelated-Thought Frequency as a Function of Age</title><author>Giambra, Leonard M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a452t-c219525f860bb2f9fd797ced7141a973c056ae16f06b199bd3bb2f352586ffe63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1989</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Age Differences</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Aging - psychology</topic><topic>Attention</topic><topic>Daydreaming</topic><topic>Fantasy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mind Wandering</topic><topic>Pattern Recognition, Visual</topic><topic>Psychomotor Performance</topic><topic>Thinking</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Giambra, Leonard M</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>APA PsycArticles®</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Psychology and aging</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Giambra, Leonard M</au><au>Lawton, M. Powell</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Task-Unrelated-Thought Frequency as a Function of Age: A Laboratory Study</atitle><jtitle>Psychology and aging</jtitle><addtitle>Psychol Aging</addtitle><date>1989-06-01</date><risdate>1989</risdate><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>136</spage><epage>143</epage><pages>136-143</pages><issn>0882-7974</issn><eissn>1939-1498</eissn><abstract>Using retrospective reports,
Giambra (1977-1978
,
1979-1980)
found an inverse relation between age and daydreaming/mind wandering. To deal with an alternate explanation of these results based on age-dependent memorial deficiencies and attitudes toward daydreaming/mind wandering and to provide independent convergent validity, five experiments were carried out. Task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) were taken as the operational definition of daydreams/mind wanderings and their frequency recorded in vigilance tasks. All five experiments found an inverse relation between age (17-92 years,
N
= 471) and TUTs, confirming the reliability and validity of the earlier studies. The age-dependent reduction in TUTs was considered as evidence of reduced nonconscious information processing with increased age. The results of this study were incompatible with a recent theory that predicts for older individuals an increased input of irrelevant thoughts into working memory due to the older individual's reduced inhibitory control.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>2789741</pmid><doi>10.1037/0882-7974.4.2.136</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Psychology and aging, 1989-06, Vol.4 (2), p.136-143 |
| issn | 0882-7974 1939-1498 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_79223136 |
| source | MEDLINE; EBSCOhost APA PsycARTICLES |
| subjects | Adult Age Differences Aged Aged, 80 and over Aging - psychology Attention Daydreaming Fantasy Female Human Humans Male Middle Aged Mind Wandering Pattern Recognition, Visual Psychomotor Performance Thinking |
| title | Task-Unrelated-Thought Frequency as a Function of Age: A Laboratory Study |
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