Active prevention in diabetic eye disease. A 4-year follow-up

Ten years after the foundation of a national diabetic eye screening program in 1980, we have established a low prevalence of blindness and partial sight in type 1 and type 2 diabetics in Iceland. We ask whether the screening program is also associated with a low incidence of blindness in diabetics....

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Veröffentlicht in:Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica 1997-06, Vol.75 (3), p.249-254
Hauptverfasser: Kristinsson, J K, Hauksdóttir, H, Stefánsson, E, Jónasson, F, Gíslason, I
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container_end_page 254
container_issue 3
container_start_page 249
container_title Acta ophthalmologica Scandinavica
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creator Kristinsson, J K
Hauksdóttir, H
Stefánsson, E
Jónasson, F
Gíslason, I
description Ten years after the foundation of a national diabetic eye screening program in 1980, we have established a low prevalence of blindness and partial sight in type 1 and type 2 diabetics in Iceland. We ask whether the screening program is also associated with a low incidence of blindness in diabetics. We now report the results of a prospective study on the 4-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy and visual impairment in type 1 diabetics with age at onset less than 30 years. Out of 205 patients participating at baseline, 175 patients (85.4%) participated over the full 4-year period. Patients were examined annually and received laser treatment according to Diabetic- and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study criteria. The 4-year incidence of any retinopathy was 38.1%, of proliferative retinopathy 6.6%, and of macular edema 3.4%. Out of 174 patients, 7.4% showed improvement in visual acuity of 2 Snellen lines while 2.5% experienced worsening of visual acuity of 2 Snellen lines during the 4-year period. No diabetic suffered more than 2 lines deterioration of vision and none became legally blind. The incidence of retinopathy in Icelandic type 1 diabetics participating in our annual eye screening program is low and the visual acuity stable. Our results suggest that visual impairment in diabetics can be prevented with active regular screening and standard laser therapy.
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subjects Adolescent
Adult
Age of Onset
Aged
Blindness - epidemiology
Blindness - etiology
Blindness - prevention & control
Child
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - complications
Diabetic Retinopathy - complications
Diabetic Retinopathy - epidemiology
Diabetic Retinopathy - prevention & control
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Iceland - epidemiology
Incidence
Macular Edema - complications
Macular Edema - epidemiology
Macular Edema - prevention & control
Male
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Vision Screening
Visual Acuity
title Active prevention in diabetic eye disease. A 4-year follow-up
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