Detection of maternofetal transfusion by placental alkaline phosphatase levels

We investigated the volume of maternofetal transfusion by measuring placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) as an indicator of placental passage. PLAP levels were measured in 135 pairs of maternal-neonatal sera. Estimated volumes of maternofetal transfusion were calculated with the following formula: volumes of transfusion (in milliliters)=85 ml/kg×BW (in kilograms)×(PLAPAB−PLAP1MO)/PLAPMA, where BW is the birth weight, PLAPAB is the PLAP level in neonatal serum at birth, PLAP1MO is the PLAP level in neonatal serum at 1 month of age, and PLAPMA is the PLAP level in maternal serum at delivery. The mean PLAPMA, PLAPAB, and PLAP1MO levels were 276.95±159.74 IU/L, 3.83±2.17 IU/L, and 0.25±0.22 IU/L, respectively. The mean volume of maternofetal transfusion was estimated to be 3.33±1.68 ml. The mean estimated volume of maternofetal transfusion per kilogram of birth weight was significantly lower in cases of scheduled cesarean delivery (0.74±0.35 ml/kg) than in cases of vaginal delivery (1.18±0.54 ml/kg; P