Sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction and laparoscopic artificial insemination in the cheetah and clouded leopard
Ovarian sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins was assessed in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)to help optimize artificial insemination (AI). Eighteen female cheetahs were used on 29 occasions and were given i.m. injections of 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG and 100 or...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Biology of reproduction 1997-04, Vol.56 (4), p.1059-1068 |
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| description | Ovarian sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins was assessed in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)to help optimize artificial insemination (AI). Eighteen female cheetahs were used on 29 occasions and were given i.m. injections of 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG and 100 or 250 IU hCG 80 h later. Twenty-three female clouded leopards were treated i.m. on 27 occasions with 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG followed 80 h later with 75, 140, or 280 IU hCG. Ovaries were examined laparoscopically at 43-48 h after hCG in cheetahs and 39-50 h in clouded leopards. All gonadotropin dosages stimulated ovarian activity in both species, but ovulation success and corpus luteum (CL) morphology varied (p 0.03) with treatment. For both species, the highest and intermediate eCG dosages resulted in ovulation in a high proportion (72-100%) of females. The lowest eCG dosage, although capable of stimulating follicular development, compromised ovulation and resulted in few ( 26%) postovulatory females. For each species, small CL (24-mm diameter) were observed with the highest and lowest eCG dosage, and large CL (5-8 mm diameter) were associated with intermediate eCG dosages. Aged CL (10-12-mm diameter) were observed in 4 of 23 (17.4%) clouded leopards with no prior male exposure, indicating occasional spontaneous ovulation. Nineteen laparoscopic intrauterine AI procedures were performed in eCG/hCG-treated postovulatory cheetahs. Eighteen AI procedures were conducted in ecG/hCG-treated postovulatory clouded leopards. Six of the 13 cheetahs (46%), all in the 200-IU eCG/100-IU hCG group, became pregnant, in contrast to none of the clouded leopards. This study has revealed differences in ovarian activity in two wild felid species as a result of changes in exogenous gonadotropin dosage. Because of this dose-effect response, this comparative approach is necessary to identify a gonadotropin regimen that can mimic "normalcy" |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1095/biolreprod56.4.1059 |
| format | Article |
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Eighteen female cheetahs were used on 29 occasions and were given i.m. injections of 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG and 100 or 250 IU hCG 80 h later. Twenty-three female clouded leopards were treated i.m. on 27 occasions with 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG followed 80 h later with 75, 140, or 280 IU hCG. Ovaries were examined laparoscopically at 43-48 h after hCG in cheetahs and 39-50 h in clouded leopards. All gonadotropin dosages stimulated ovarian activity in both species, but ovulation success and corpus luteum (CL) morphology varied (p 0.03) with treatment. For both species, the highest and intermediate eCG dosages resulted in ovulation in a high proportion (72-100%) of females. The lowest eCG dosage, although capable of stimulating follicular development, compromised ovulation and resulted in few ( 26%) postovulatory females. For each species, small CL (24-mm diameter) were observed with the highest and lowest eCG dosage, and large CL (5-8 mm diameter) were associated with intermediate eCG dosages. Aged CL (10-12-mm diameter) were observed in 4 of 23 (17.4%) clouded leopards with no prior male exposure, indicating occasional spontaneous ovulation. Nineteen laparoscopic intrauterine AI procedures were performed in eCG/hCG-treated postovulatory cheetahs. Eighteen AI procedures were conducted in ecG/hCG-treated postovulatory clouded leopards. Six of the 13 cheetahs (46%), all in the 200-IU eCG/100-IU hCG group, became pregnant, in contrast to none of the clouded leopards. This study has revealed differences in ovarian activity in two wild felid species as a result of changes in exogenous gonadotropin dosage. Because of this dose-effect response, this comparative approach is necessary to identify a gonadotropin regimen that can mimic "normalcy"</description><identifier>ISSN: 0006-3363</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1529-7268</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod56.4.1059</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9096891</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BIREBV</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison, WI: Society for the Study of Reproduction</publisher><subject>ABDOMEN ; ACINONYX ; ACINONYX JUBATUS ; ANIMAL DE ZOO ; Animal productions ; ANIMALES DE PARQUE ZOOLOGICO ; Animals ; Animals, Zoo ; ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ; Biological and medical sciences ; BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES ; Carnivora ; CHEETAHS ; CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN ; Chorionic Gonadotropin - administration & dosage ; Chorionic Gonadotropin - pharmacology ; CORPS JAUNE ; CORPUS LUTEUM ; CUERPO LUTEO ; DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS ; DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE ; DOSAGE ; DOSIFICACION ; ENDOSCOPIA ; ENDOSCOPIE ; ENDOSCOPY ; EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN ; Estradiol - blood ; ESTROGENOS ; FELIDAE ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; GESTACION ; GESTATION ; GONADOTROPHINE ; GONADOTROPINAS ; GONADOTROPINS ; GRAAFIAN FOLLICLES ; GUEPARD ; HCG ; Hormone metabolism and regulation ; Injections, Intramuscular ; INSEMINACION ARTIFICIAL ; INSEMINATION ARTIFICIELLE ; Insemination, Artificial - methods ; Insemination, Artificial - veterinary ; Laparoscopy - methods ; Laparoscopy - veterinary ; Male ; Mammalian female genital system ; MORPHOLOGY ; NEOFELIS NEBULOSA ; OESTROGENE ; OESTROGENS ; ONZA ; OVAIRE ; Ovarian Follicle - drug effects ; Ovarian Follicle - physiology ; OVARIES ; OVARIOS ; Ovary - drug effects ; Ovary - physiology ; OVULACION ; OVULATION ; Ovulation - drug effects ; Ovulation Induction - methods ; Ovulation Induction - veterinary ; PREGNANCY ; Pregnancy, Animal ; PROGESTERONA ; PROGESTERONE ; Progesterone - blood ; Semen ; SPECIES DIFFERENCES ; Specimen Handling - methods ; Specimen Handling - veterinary ; Terrestrial animal productions ; Vertebrates ; Vertebrates: reproduction ; ZOO ANIMALS</subject><ispartof>Biology of reproduction, 1997-04, Vol.56 (4), p.1059-1068</ispartof><rights>1997 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2644274$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9096891$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Howard, J.G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roth, T.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byers, A.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swanson, W.F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wildt, D.E</creatorcontrib><title>Sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction and laparoscopic artificial insemination in the cheetah and clouded leopard</title><title>Biology of reproduction</title><addtitle>Biol Reprod</addtitle><description>Ovarian sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins was assessed in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)to help optimize artificial insemination (AI). Eighteen female cheetahs were used on 29 occasions and were given i.m. injections of 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG and 100 or 250 IU hCG 80 h later. Twenty-three female clouded leopards were treated i.m. on 27 occasions with 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG followed 80 h later with 75, 140, or 280 IU hCG. Ovaries were examined laparoscopically at 43-48 h after hCG in cheetahs and 39-50 h in clouded leopards. All gonadotropin dosages stimulated ovarian activity in both species, but ovulation success and corpus luteum (CL) morphology varied (p 0.03) with treatment. For both species, the highest and intermediate eCG dosages resulted in ovulation in a high proportion (72-100%) of females. The lowest eCG dosage, although capable of stimulating follicular development, compromised ovulation and resulted in few ( 26%) postovulatory females. For each species, small CL (24-mm diameter) were observed with the highest and lowest eCG dosage, and large CL (5-8 mm diameter) were associated with intermediate eCG dosages. Aged CL (10-12-mm diameter) were observed in 4 of 23 (17.4%) clouded leopards with no prior male exposure, indicating occasional spontaneous ovulation. Nineteen laparoscopic intrauterine AI procedures were performed in eCG/hCG-treated postovulatory cheetahs. Eighteen AI procedures were conducted in ecG/hCG-treated postovulatory clouded leopards. Six of the 13 cheetahs (46%), all in the 200-IU eCG/100-IU hCG group, became pregnant, in contrast to none of the clouded leopards. This study has revealed differences in ovarian activity in two wild felid species as a result of changes in exogenous gonadotropin dosage. Because of this dose-effect response, this comparative approach is necessary to identify a gonadotropin regimen that can mimic "normalcy"</description><subject>ABDOMEN</subject><subject>ACINONYX</subject><subject>ACINONYX JUBATUS</subject><subject>ANIMAL DE ZOO</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>ANIMALES DE PARQUE ZOOLOGICO</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Animals, Zoo</subject><subject>ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES</subject><subject>Carnivora</subject><subject>CHEETAHS</subject><subject>CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN</subject><subject>Chorionic Gonadotropin - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Chorionic Gonadotropin - pharmacology</subject><subject>CORPS JAUNE</subject><subject>CORPUS LUTEUM</subject><subject>CUERPO LUTEO</subject><subject>DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS</subject><subject>DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE</subject><subject>DOSAGE</subject><subject>DOSIFICACION</subject><subject>ENDOSCOPIA</subject><subject>ENDOSCOPIE</subject><subject>ENDOSCOPY</subject><subject>EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN</subject><subject>Estradiol - blood</subject><subject>ESTROGENOS</subject><subject>FELIDAE</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>GESTACION</subject><subject>GESTATION</subject><subject>GONADOTROPHINE</subject><subject>GONADOTROPINAS</subject><subject>GONADOTROPINS</subject><subject>GRAAFIAN FOLLICLES</subject><subject>GUEPARD</subject><subject>HCG</subject><subject>Hormone metabolism and regulation</subject><subject>Injections, Intramuscular</subject><subject>INSEMINACION ARTIFICIAL</subject><subject>INSEMINATION ARTIFICIELLE</subject><subject>Insemination, Artificial - methods</subject><subject>Insemination, Artificial - veterinary</subject><subject>Laparoscopy - methods</subject><subject>Laparoscopy - veterinary</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mammalian female genital system</subject><subject>MORPHOLOGY</subject><subject>NEOFELIS NEBULOSA</subject><subject>OESTROGENE</subject><subject>OESTROGENS</subject><subject>ONZA</subject><subject>OVAIRE</subject><subject>Ovarian Follicle - drug effects</subject><subject>Ovarian Follicle - physiology</subject><subject>OVARIES</subject><subject>OVARIOS</subject><subject>Ovary - drug effects</subject><subject>Ovary - physiology</subject><subject>OVULACION</subject><subject>OVULATION</subject><subject>Ovulation - drug effects</subject><subject>Ovulation Induction - methods</subject><subject>Ovulation Induction - veterinary</subject><subject>PREGNANCY</subject><subject>Pregnancy, Animal</subject><subject>PROGESTERONA</subject><subject>PROGESTERONE</subject><subject>Progesterone - blood</subject><subject>Semen</subject><subject>SPECIES DIFFERENCES</subject><subject>Specimen Handling - methods</subject><subject>Specimen Handling - veterinary</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>Vertebrates: reproduction</subject><subject>ZOO ANIMALS</subject><issn>0006-3363</issn><issn>1529-7268</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1997</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkctu1TAQhi0EKofCEyCkLBC7FF9iO16iqlykSixa1tHEmZwYOfbBdnroK_DUmHK4rDzy__3_aGYIecnoBaNGvh1d9AkPKU5SXXT1T5pHZMckN63mqn9MdpRS1QqhxFPyLOevlLJOcHFGzgw1qjdsR37cYMiuuDtX7psSG_we9xjilpt9DDDFkuLBhdzMMTXxbvNQXAyNC9NmHyoIU-PhAClmW0nbQCpudtaBr1TG1YU_lqYs2NgFscDy4LM-bhNWP8YaMD0nT2bwGV-c3nNy-_7q9vJje_35w6fLd9ftzPu-tKLOPvYoqeEcGWimjTRyYpqDAIZ8HBkaWtUR9SR4rxXvlO0Vl1xI2olz8uZ3bF3ctw1zGVaXLXoPAevcg-6NUJTyCr46gdu44jQcklsh3Q-n3VX99UmHbMHPCYJ1-S_GVddx_V-_xe2Xo0s45BW8r6FiOB6PUg3d8Ot0__rNEAfYp5r15YYZo6vYdVr8BDjjmIs</recordid><startdate>19970401</startdate><enddate>19970401</enddate><creator>Howard, J.G</creator><creator>Roth, T.L</creator><creator>Byers, A.P</creator><creator>Swanson, W.F</creator><creator>Wildt, D.E</creator><general>Society for the Study of Reproduction</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19970401</creationdate><title>Sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction and laparoscopic artificial insemination in the cheetah and clouded leopard</title><author>Howard, J.G ; Roth, T.L ; Byers, A.P ; Swanson, W.F ; Wildt, D.E</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-f288t-3109b8e50922e1a7179595d172a3a1e2bb1e90092be7d32876246c8625235043</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1997</creationdate><topic>ABDOMEN</topic><topic>ACINONYX</topic><topic>ACINONYX JUBATUS</topic><topic>ANIMAL DE ZOO</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>ANIMALES DE PARQUE ZOOLOGICO</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Animals, Zoo</topic><topic>ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES</topic><topic>Carnivora</topic><topic>CHEETAHS</topic><topic>CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN</topic><topic>Chorionic Gonadotropin - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Chorionic Gonadotropin - pharmacology</topic><topic>CORPS JAUNE</topic><topic>CORPUS LUTEUM</topic><topic>CUERPO LUTEO</topic><topic>DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS</topic><topic>DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE</topic><topic>DOSAGE</topic><topic>DOSIFICACION</topic><topic>ENDOSCOPIA</topic><topic>ENDOSCOPIE</topic><topic>ENDOSCOPY</topic><topic>EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN</topic><topic>Estradiol - blood</topic><topic>ESTROGENOS</topic><topic>FELIDAE</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>GESTACION</topic><topic>GESTATION</topic><topic>GONADOTROPHINE</topic><topic>GONADOTROPINAS</topic><topic>GONADOTROPINS</topic><topic>GRAAFIAN FOLLICLES</topic><topic>GUEPARD</topic><topic>HCG</topic><topic>Hormone metabolism and regulation</topic><topic>Injections, Intramuscular</topic><topic>INSEMINACION ARTIFICIAL</topic><topic>INSEMINATION ARTIFICIELLE</topic><topic>Insemination, Artificial - methods</topic><topic>Insemination, Artificial - veterinary</topic><topic>Laparoscopy - methods</topic><topic>Laparoscopy - veterinary</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mammalian female genital system</topic><topic>MORPHOLOGY</topic><topic>NEOFELIS NEBULOSA</topic><topic>OESTROGENE</topic><topic>OESTROGENS</topic><topic>ONZA</topic><topic>OVAIRE</topic><topic>Ovarian Follicle - drug effects</topic><topic>Ovarian Follicle - physiology</topic><topic>OVARIES</topic><topic>OVARIOS</topic><topic>Ovary - drug effects</topic><topic>Ovary - physiology</topic><topic>OVULACION</topic><topic>OVULATION</topic><topic>Ovulation - drug effects</topic><topic>Ovulation Induction - methods</topic><topic>Ovulation Induction - veterinary</topic><topic>PREGNANCY</topic><topic>Pregnancy, Animal</topic><topic>PROGESTERONA</topic><topic>PROGESTERONE</topic><topic>Progesterone - blood</topic><topic>Semen</topic><topic>SPECIES DIFFERENCES</topic><topic>Specimen Handling - methods</topic><topic>Specimen Handling - veterinary</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><topic>Vertebrates: reproduction</topic><topic>ZOO ANIMALS</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Howard, J.G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roth, T.L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Byers, A.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Swanson, W.F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wildt, D.E</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Biology of reproduction</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Howard, J.G</au><au>Roth, T.L</au><au>Byers, A.P</au><au>Swanson, W.F</au><au>Wildt, D.E</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction and laparoscopic artificial insemination in the cheetah and clouded leopard</atitle><jtitle>Biology of reproduction</jtitle><addtitle>Biol Reprod</addtitle><date>1997-04-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>56</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1059</spage><epage>1068</epage><pages>1059-1068</pages><issn>0006-3363</issn><eissn>1529-7268</eissn><coden>BIREBV</coden><abstract>Ovarian sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins was assessed in the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa)to help optimize artificial insemination (AI). Eighteen female cheetahs were used on 29 occasions and were given i.m. injections of 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG and 100 or 250 IU hCG 80 h later. Twenty-three female clouded leopards were treated i.m. on 27 occasions with 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, or 400 IU eCG followed 80 h later with 75, 140, or 280 IU hCG. Ovaries were examined laparoscopically at 43-48 h after hCG in cheetahs and 39-50 h in clouded leopards. All gonadotropin dosages stimulated ovarian activity in both species, but ovulation success and corpus luteum (CL) morphology varied (p 0.03) with treatment. For both species, the highest and intermediate eCG dosages resulted in ovulation in a high proportion (72-100%) of females. The lowest eCG dosage, although capable of stimulating follicular development, compromised ovulation and resulted in few ( 26%) postovulatory females. For each species, small CL (24-mm diameter) were observed with the highest and lowest eCG dosage, and large CL (5-8 mm diameter) were associated with intermediate eCG dosages. Aged CL (10-12-mm diameter) were observed in 4 of 23 (17.4%) clouded leopards with no prior male exposure, indicating occasional spontaneous ovulation. Nineteen laparoscopic intrauterine AI procedures were performed in eCG/hCG-treated postovulatory cheetahs. Eighteen AI procedures were conducted in ecG/hCG-treated postovulatory clouded leopards. Six of the 13 cheetahs (46%), all in the 200-IU eCG/100-IU hCG group, became pregnant, in contrast to none of the clouded leopards. This study has revealed differences in ovarian activity in two wild felid species as a result of changes in exogenous gonadotropin dosage. Because of this dose-effect response, this comparative approach is necessary to identify a gonadotropin regimen that can mimic "normalcy"</abstract><cop>Madison, WI</cop><pub>Society for the Study of Reproduction</pub><pmid>9096891</pmid><doi>10.1095/biolreprod56.4.1059</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0006-3363 |
| ispartof | Biology of reproduction, 1997-04, Vol.56 (4), p.1059-1068 |
| issn | 0006-3363 1529-7268 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_78936002 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current) |
| subjects | ABDOMEN ACINONYX ACINONYX JUBATUS ANIMAL DE ZOO Animal productions ANIMALES DE PARQUE ZOOLOGICO Animals Animals, Zoo ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION Biological and medical sciences BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES Carnivora CHEETAHS CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN Chorionic Gonadotropin - administration & dosage Chorionic Gonadotropin - pharmacology CORPS JAUNE CORPUS LUTEUM CUERPO LUTEO DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE DOSAGE DOSIFICACION ENDOSCOPIA ENDOSCOPIE ENDOSCOPY EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN Estradiol - blood ESTROGENOS FELIDAE Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology GESTACION GESTATION GONADOTROPHINE GONADOTROPINAS GONADOTROPINS GRAAFIAN FOLLICLES GUEPARD HCG Hormone metabolism and regulation Injections, Intramuscular INSEMINACION ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION ARTIFICIELLE Insemination, Artificial - methods Insemination, Artificial - veterinary Laparoscopy - methods Laparoscopy - veterinary Male Mammalian female genital system MORPHOLOGY NEOFELIS NEBULOSA OESTROGENE OESTROGENS ONZA OVAIRE Ovarian Follicle - drug effects Ovarian Follicle - physiology OVARIES OVARIOS Ovary - drug effects Ovary - physiology OVULACION OVULATION Ovulation - drug effects Ovulation Induction - methods Ovulation Induction - veterinary PREGNANCY Pregnancy, Animal PROGESTERONA PROGESTERONE Progesterone - blood Semen SPECIES DIFFERENCES Specimen Handling - methods Specimen Handling - veterinary Terrestrial animal productions Vertebrates Vertebrates: reproduction ZOO ANIMALS |
| title | Sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction and laparoscopic artificial insemination in the cheetah and clouded leopard |
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