Similarity in context
Similarity comparisons are highly sensitive to judgment context. Three experiments explore context effects that occur within a single comparison rather than across several trials. Experiment 1 shows reliable intransitivities in which a target is judged to be more similar to stimulus A than to stimul...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Memory & cognition 1997-03, Vol.25 (2), p.237-255 |
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| container_title | Memory & cognition |
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| creator | GOLDSTONE, R. L MEDIN, D. L HALBERSTADT, J |
| description | Similarity comparisons are highly sensitive to judgment context. Three experiments explore context effects that occur within a single comparison rather than across several trials. Experiment 1 shows reliable intransitivities in which a target is judged to be more similar to stimulus A than to stimulus B, more similar to B than to stimulus C, and more similar to C than to A. Experiment 2 explores the locus of Tversky's (1977) diagnosticity effect in which the relative similarity of two alternatives to a target is influenced by a third alternative. Experiment 3 demonstrates a new violation of choice independence which is explained by object dimensions' becoming foregrounded or backgrounded, depending upon the set of displayed objects. The observed violations of common assumptions to many models of similarity and choice can be accommodated in terms of a dynamic property-weighting process based on the variability and diagnosticity of dimensions. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3758/BF03201115 |
| format | Article |
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| ispartof | Memory & cognition, 1997-03, Vol.25 (2), p.237-255 |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals; Periodicals Index Online |
| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Chi-Square Distribution Choice Behavior - physiology Cognition & reasoning Cognition. Intelligence Communication disorders Decision making. Choice Experiments Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Judgment - physiology Likelihood Functions Models, Psychological Psychology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Space life sciences Visual Perception - physiology |
| title | Similarity in context |
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