Evidence of recent volcanic activity on the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge
Seafloor spreading is accommodated by volcanic and tectonic processes along the global mid-ocean ridge system. As spreading rate decreases the influence of volcanism also decreases, and it is unknown whether significant volcanism occurs at all at ultraslow spreading rates (
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Nature (London) 2001-02, Vol.409 (6822), p.808-812 |
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| creator | Bohnenstiehl, D. R Coakley, B. J Kurras, G. J Tolstoy, M Edwards, M. H Cochran, J. R |
| description | Seafloor spreading is accommodated by volcanic and tectonic processes along the global mid-ocean ridge system. As spreading rate decreases the influence of volcanism also decreases, and it is unknown whether significant volcanism occurs at all at ultraslow spreading rates ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/35057258 |
| format | Article |
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R ; Coakley, B. J ; Kurras, G. J ; Tolstoy, M ; Edwards, M. H ; Cochran, J. R</creator><creatorcontrib>Bohnenstiehl, D. R ; Coakley, B. J ; Kurras, G. J ; Tolstoy, M ; Edwards, M. H ; Cochran, J. R</creatorcontrib><description>Seafloor spreading is accommodated by volcanic and tectonic processes along the global mid-ocean ridge system. As spreading rate decreases the influence of volcanism also decreases, and it is unknown whether significant volcanism occurs at all at ultraslow spreading rates (<1.5 cm yr-1). Here we present three-dimensional sonar maps of the Gakkel ridge, Earth's slowest-spreading mid-ocean ridge, located in the Arctic basin under the Arctic Ocean ice canopy. We acquired this data using hull-mounted sonars attached to a nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Hawkbill. Sidescan data for the ultraslow-spreading (∼1.0 cm yr-1) eastern Gakkel ridge depict two young volcanoes covering approximately 720 km2 of an otherwise heavily sedimented axial valley. The western volcano coincides with the average location of epicentres for more than 250 teleseismic events detected in 1999, suggesting that an axial eruption was imaged shortly after its occurrence. These findings demonstrate that eruptions along the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge are focused at discrete locations and appear to be more voluminous and occur more frequently than was previously thought.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0028-0836</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-4687</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/35057258</identifier><identifier>PMID: 11236991</identifier><identifier>CODEN: NATUAS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Canopies ; Crystalline rocks ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Exact sciences and technology ; Geology ; Humanities and Social Sciences ; Igneous and metamorphic rocks petrology, volcanic processes, magmas ; letter ; Marine ; Mid-ocean ridges ; multidisciplinary ; Ocean floor ; Oceans ; Position (location) ; Ridges ; Science ; Scientific imaging ; Seafloor spreading ; Sonar ; Spreading ; Tectonics. Structural geology. 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J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tolstoy, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Edwards, M. H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cochran, J. R</creatorcontrib><title>Evidence of recent volcanic activity on the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge</title><title>Nature (London)</title><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><description>Seafloor spreading is accommodated by volcanic and tectonic processes along the global mid-ocean ridge system. As spreading rate decreases the influence of volcanism also decreases, and it is unknown whether significant volcanism occurs at all at ultraslow spreading rates (<1.5 cm yr-1). Here we present three-dimensional sonar maps of the Gakkel ridge, Earth's slowest-spreading mid-ocean ridge, located in the Arctic basin under the Arctic Ocean ice canopy. We acquired this data using hull-mounted sonars attached to a nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Hawkbill. Sidescan data for the ultraslow-spreading (∼1.0 cm yr-1) eastern Gakkel ridge depict two young volcanoes covering approximately 720 km2 of an otherwise heavily sedimented axial valley. The western volcano coincides with the average location of epicentres for more than 250 teleseismic events detected in 1999, suggesting that an axial eruption was imaged shortly after its occurrence. These findings demonstrate that eruptions along the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge are focused at discrete locations and appear to be more voluminous and occur more frequently than was previously thought.</description><subject>Canopies</subject><subject>Crystalline rocks</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Humanities and Social Sciences</subject><subject>Igneous and metamorphic rocks petrology, volcanic processes, magmas</subject><subject>letter</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Mid-ocean ridges</subject><subject>multidisciplinary</subject><subject>Ocean floor</subject><subject>Oceans</subject><subject>Position (location)</subject><subject>Ridges</subject><subject>Science</subject><subject>Scientific imaging</subject><subject>Seafloor spreading</subject><subject>Sonar</subject><subject>Spreading</subject><subject>Tectonics. Structural geology. 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R</au><au>Coakley, B. J</au><au>Kurras, G. J</au><au>Tolstoy, M</au><au>Edwards, M. H</au><au>Cochran, J. R</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Evidence of recent volcanic activity on the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge</atitle><jtitle>Nature (London)</jtitle><stitle>Nature</stitle><addtitle>Nature</addtitle><date>2001-02-15</date><risdate>2001</risdate><volume>409</volume><issue>6822</issue><spage>808</spage><epage>812</epage><pages>808-812</pages><issn>0028-0836</issn><eissn>1476-4687</eissn><coden>NATUAS</coden><abstract>Seafloor spreading is accommodated by volcanic and tectonic processes along the global mid-ocean ridge system. As spreading rate decreases the influence of volcanism also decreases, and it is unknown whether significant volcanism occurs at all at ultraslow spreading rates (<1.5 cm yr-1). Here we present three-dimensional sonar maps of the Gakkel ridge, Earth's slowest-spreading mid-ocean ridge, located in the Arctic basin under the Arctic Ocean ice canopy. We acquired this data using hull-mounted sonars attached to a nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Hawkbill. Sidescan data for the ultraslow-spreading (∼1.0 cm yr-1) eastern Gakkel ridge depict two young volcanoes covering approximately 720 km2 of an otherwise heavily sedimented axial valley. The western volcano coincides with the average location of epicentres for more than 250 teleseismic events detected in 1999, suggesting that an axial eruption was imaged shortly after its occurrence. These findings demonstrate that eruptions along the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge are focused at discrete locations and appear to be more voluminous and occur more frequently than was previously thought.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>11236991</pmid><doi>10.1038/35057258</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Canopies Crystalline rocks Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Geology Humanities and Social Sciences Igneous and metamorphic rocks petrology, volcanic processes, magmas letter Marine Mid-ocean ridges multidisciplinary Ocean floor Oceans Position (location) Ridges Science Scientific imaging Seafloor spreading Sonar Spreading Tectonics. Structural geology. Plate tectonics Volcanoes |
| title | Evidence of recent volcanic activity on the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge |
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