Basal forebrain efferents to the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus in the rhesus monkey
Thalamic efferent connections of the basal forebrain (BF); medial septal nucleus (MS), vertical limb of the diagonal band (VDB), horizontal limb of the diagonal band (HDB), nucleus basalis (NB), and ventral pallidum (VP) were investigated in twelve rhesus monkeys. In five animals, injections of radi...
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description | Thalamic efferent connections of the basal forebrain (BF); medial septal nucleus (MS), vertical limb of the diagonal band (VDB), horizontal limb of the diagonal band (HDB), nucleus basalis (NB), and ventral pallidum (VP) were investigated in twelve rhesus monkeys. In five animals, injections of radioactively labeled amino acids were placed in the BF. In four animals, the injections involved different divisions of the NB, HDB, and the most ventral part of the VDB. In those four cases, labeled fibers in the medial forebrain bundle were observed traveling caudally towards the hypothalamus where some turned dorsally to enter the inferior thalamic peduncle. These fibers terminated in the ventral half of the magnocellular part of the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus (MDmc). In a fifth case, the amino acid injection involved most of the MS and the VDB. Labeled fibers traveled caudally from the injection site and entered the stria medullaris. These fibers then traveled caudally before turning ventrally to terminate in the dorsal half of MDmc. To determine which of the diverse neuronal types in the BF gives rise to these thalamic projections, in two monkeys injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were placed into MDmc. Labeled neurons were observed throughout the full extent of the NB, the VDB, the MS, and part of the VP. In order to determine the extent of the cholinergic input to MDmc from the BF, one of the HRP cases was processed for the simultaneous visualization of HRP, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the hydrolytic enzyme for acetylcholine, and a second case was processed for simultaneous visualization of HRP, and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the synthetic enzyme for acetylcholine. We observed that 30–50% of the HRP‐labeled neurons were putatively cholinergic. In order to determine if the NB projection to MD is a collateral of the NB projection to orbital frontal cortex, one fluorescent retrograde tracer was injected into the orbital frontal cortex and one into MD. This case showed that approximately 5% of the BF neurons that project to MDmc also project to the orbital frontal cortex. These results confirm a significant subcortical projection by which the cholinergic system of the basal forebrain may influence higher cortical functions through the thalamus. |
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In five animals, injections of radioactively labeled amino acids were placed in the BF. In four animals, the injections involved different divisions of the NB, HDB, and the most ventral part of the VDB. In those four cases, labeled fibers in the medial forebrain bundle were observed traveling caudally towards the hypothalamus where some turned dorsally to enter the inferior thalamic peduncle. These fibers terminated in the ventral half of the magnocellular part of the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus (MDmc). In a fifth case, the amino acid injection involved most of the MS and the VDB. Labeled fibers traveled caudally from the injection site and entered the stria medullaris. These fibers then traveled caudally before turning ventrally to terminate in the dorsal half of MDmc. To determine which of the diverse neuronal types in the BF gives rise to these thalamic projections, in two monkeys injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were placed into MDmc. Labeled neurons were observed throughout the full extent of the NB, the VDB, the MS, and part of the VP. In order to determine the extent of the cholinergic input to MDmc from the BF, one of the HRP cases was processed for the simultaneous visualization of HRP, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the hydrolytic enzyme for acetylcholine, and a second case was processed for simultaneous visualization of HRP, and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the synthetic enzyme for acetylcholine. We observed that 30–50% of the HRP‐labeled neurons were putatively cholinergic. In order to determine if the NB projection to MD is a collateral of the NB projection to orbital frontal cortex, one fluorescent retrograde tracer was injected into the orbital frontal cortex and one into MD. This case showed that approximately 5% of the BF neurons that project to MDmc also project to the orbital frontal cortex. These results confirm a significant subcortical projection by which the cholinergic system of the basal forebrain may influence higher cortical functions through the thalamus.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-9967</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1096-9861</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cne.902770304</identifier><identifier>PMID: 2461974</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JCNEAM</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc</publisher><subject><![CDATA[Amino Acids ; Anatomy ; Animals ; Basal Ganglia - analysis ; Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Brain Mapping ; Caudate Nucleus - analysis ; Caudate Nucleus - anatomy & histology ; Central nervous system ; choline acetyltransferase ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase - analysis ; diagonal band ; Efferent Pathways ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Frontal Lobe - analysis ; Frontal Lobe - anatomy & histology ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Horseradish Peroxidase ; Macaca - anatomy & histology ; Macaca mulatta ; Macaca mulatta - anatomy & histology ; nucleus basalis ; orbital frontal cortex ; Septal Nuclei - analysis ; Septal Nuclei - anatomy & histology ; Thalamic Nuclei - analysis ; Thalamic Nuclei - anatomy & histology ; ventral pallidum ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs ; Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate ; Wheat Germ Agglutinins]]></subject><ispartof>Journal of comparative neurology (1911), 1988-11, Vol.277 (3), p.365-390</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 1988 Alan R. Liss, Inc.</rights><rights>1989 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4344-b442d6378aa971dd487a97e044ca8f040117e59c212876adfdad5aa500b91eaa3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4344-b442d6378aa971dd487a97e044ca8f040117e59c212876adfdad5aa500b91eaa3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fcne.902770304$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fcne.902770304$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=7058732$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2461974$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hreib, Kinan K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosene, Douglas L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moss, Mark B.</creatorcontrib><title>Basal forebrain efferents to the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus in the rhesus monkey</title><title>Journal of comparative neurology (1911)</title><addtitle>J. Comp. Neurol</addtitle><description>Thalamic efferent connections of the basal forebrain (BF); medial septal nucleus (MS), vertical limb of the diagonal band (VDB), horizontal limb of the diagonal band (HDB), nucleus basalis (NB), and ventral pallidum (VP) were investigated in twelve rhesus monkeys. In five animals, injections of radioactively labeled amino acids were placed in the BF. In four animals, the injections involved different divisions of the NB, HDB, and the most ventral part of the VDB. In those four cases, labeled fibers in the medial forebrain bundle were observed traveling caudally towards the hypothalamus where some turned dorsally to enter the inferior thalamic peduncle. These fibers terminated in the ventral half of the magnocellular part of the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus (MDmc). In a fifth case, the amino acid injection involved most of the MS and the VDB. Labeled fibers traveled caudally from the injection site and entered the stria medullaris. These fibers then traveled caudally before turning ventrally to terminate in the dorsal half of MDmc. To determine which of the diverse neuronal types in the BF gives rise to these thalamic projections, in two monkeys injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were placed into MDmc. Labeled neurons were observed throughout the full extent of the NB, the VDB, the MS, and part of the VP. In order to determine the extent of the cholinergic input to MDmc from the BF, one of the HRP cases was processed for the simultaneous visualization of HRP, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the hydrolytic enzyme for acetylcholine, and a second case was processed for simultaneous visualization of HRP, and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the synthetic enzyme for acetylcholine. We observed that 30–50% of the HRP‐labeled neurons were putatively cholinergic. In order to determine if the NB projection to MD is a collateral of the NB projection to orbital frontal cortex, one fluorescent retrograde tracer was injected into the orbital frontal cortex and one into MD. This case showed that approximately 5% of the BF neurons that project to MDmc also project to the orbital frontal cortex. These results confirm a significant subcortical projection by which the cholinergic system of the basal forebrain may influence higher cortical functions through the thalamus.</description><subject>Amino Acids</subject><subject>Anatomy</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Basal Ganglia - analysis</subject><subject>Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Brain Mapping</subject><subject>Caudate Nucleus - analysis</subject><subject>Caudate Nucleus - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Central nervous system</subject><subject>choline acetyltransferase</subject><subject>Choline O-Acetyltransferase - analysis</subject><subject>diagonal band</subject><subject>Efferent Pathways</subject><subject>Fluorescent Dyes</subject><subject>Frontal Lobe - analysis</subject><subject>Frontal Lobe - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Horseradish Peroxidase</subject><subject>Macaca - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Macaca mulatta</subject><subject>Macaca mulatta - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>nucleus basalis</subject><subject>orbital frontal cortex</subject><subject>Septal Nuclei - analysis</subject><subject>Septal Nuclei - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Thalamic Nuclei - analysis</subject><subject>Thalamic Nuclei - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>ventral pallidum</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><subject>Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate</subject><subject>Wheat Germ Agglutinins</subject><issn>0021-9967</issn><issn>1096-9861</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1988</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkE1P3DAQhi1UBMvHkWOlHKreAuPYseMjXcGCQCAhEEdr1ploU_JB7URl_z1ebbTqqZxs631m_Oph7IzDOQfILlxH5wYyrUGA3GMzDkalplD8G5vFnKfGKH3IjkL4DQDGiOKAHWRScaPljD3_woBNUvWelh7rLqGqIk_dEJKhT4YVJS2VdSTK3m_AYYUNtrVLutE1NIYkjmwov6IQX23fvdH6hO1X2AQ6nc5j9nJ99Ty_Se8fF7fzy_vUSSFlupQyK5XQBaLRvCxloeOFQEqHRQUSONeUG5fxrNAKy6rEMkfMAZaGE6I4Zj-3e999_2ekMNi2Do6aBjvqx2B1kasM8uxLkOccuOIigukWdL4PwVNl333dol9bDnaj20bddqc78t-nxeMyitrRk9-Y_5hyDA6bymPn6rDDNOSFFpt-eov9rRta__9PO3-4-rfAVLgOA33sJtG_WaWFzu3rw8LeafO0MObJ3ohPgPOmsA</recordid><startdate>19881115</startdate><enddate>19881115</enddate><creator>Hreib, Kinan K.</creator><creator>Rosene, Douglas L.</creator><creator>Moss, Mark B.</creator><general>Alan R. Liss, Inc</general><general>Wiley-Liss</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19881115</creationdate><title>Basal forebrain efferents to the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus in the rhesus monkey</title><author>Hreib, Kinan K. ; Rosene, Douglas L. ; Moss, Mark B.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4344-b442d6378aa971dd487a97e044ca8f040117e59c212876adfdad5aa500b91eaa3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1988</creationdate><topic>Amino Acids</topic><topic>Anatomy</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Basal Ganglia - analysis</topic><topic>Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Brain Mapping</topic><topic>Caudate Nucleus - analysis</topic><topic>Caudate Nucleus - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Central nervous system</topic><topic>choline acetyltransferase</topic><topic>Choline O-Acetyltransferase - analysis</topic><topic>diagonal band</topic><topic>Efferent Pathways</topic><topic>Fluorescent Dyes</topic><topic>Frontal Lobe - analysis</topic><topic>Frontal Lobe - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Horseradish Peroxidase</topic><topic>Macaca - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Macaca mulatta</topic><topic>Macaca mulatta - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>nucleus basalis</topic><topic>orbital frontal cortex</topic><topic>Septal Nuclei - analysis</topic><topic>Septal Nuclei - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Thalamic Nuclei - analysis</topic><topic>Thalamic Nuclei - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>ventral pallidum</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><topic>Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate</topic><topic>Wheat Germ Agglutinins</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Hreib, Kinan K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rosene, Douglas L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moss, Mark B.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of comparative neurology (1911)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Hreib, Kinan K.</au><au>Rosene, Douglas L.</au><au>Moss, Mark B.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Basal forebrain efferents to the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus in the rhesus monkey</atitle><jtitle>Journal of comparative neurology (1911)</jtitle><addtitle>J. Comp. Neurol</addtitle><date>1988-11-15</date><risdate>1988</risdate><volume>277</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>365</spage><epage>390</epage><pages>365-390</pages><issn>0021-9967</issn><eissn>1096-9861</eissn><coden>JCNEAM</coden><abstract>Thalamic efferent connections of the basal forebrain (BF); medial septal nucleus (MS), vertical limb of the diagonal band (VDB), horizontal limb of the diagonal band (HDB), nucleus basalis (NB), and ventral pallidum (VP) were investigated in twelve rhesus monkeys. In five animals, injections of radioactively labeled amino acids were placed in the BF. In four animals, the injections involved different divisions of the NB, HDB, and the most ventral part of the VDB. In those four cases, labeled fibers in the medial forebrain bundle were observed traveling caudally towards the hypothalamus where some turned dorsally to enter the inferior thalamic peduncle. These fibers terminated in the ventral half of the magnocellular part of the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus (MDmc). In a fifth case, the amino acid injection involved most of the MS and the VDB. Labeled fibers traveled caudally from the injection site and entered the stria medullaris. These fibers then traveled caudally before turning ventrally to terminate in the dorsal half of MDmc. To determine which of the diverse neuronal types in the BF gives rise to these thalamic projections, in two monkeys injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were placed into MDmc. Labeled neurons were observed throughout the full extent of the NB, the VDB, the MS, and part of the VP. In order to determine the extent of the cholinergic input to MDmc from the BF, one of the HRP cases was processed for the simultaneous visualization of HRP, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the hydrolytic enzyme for acetylcholine, and a second case was processed for simultaneous visualization of HRP, and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the synthetic enzyme for acetylcholine. We observed that 30–50% of the HRP‐labeled neurons were putatively cholinergic. In order to determine if the NB projection to MD is a collateral of the NB projection to orbital frontal cortex, one fluorescent retrograde tracer was injected into the orbital frontal cortex and one into MD. This case showed that approximately 5% of the BF neurons that project to MDmc also project to the orbital frontal cortex. These results confirm a significant subcortical projection by which the cholinergic system of the basal forebrain may influence higher cortical functions through the thalamus.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Alan R. Liss, Inc</pub><pmid>2461974</pmid><doi>10.1002/cne.902770304</doi><tpages>26</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Amino Acids Anatomy Animals Basal Ganglia - analysis Basal Ganglia - anatomy & histology Biological and medical sciences Brain Mapping Caudate Nucleus - analysis Caudate Nucleus - anatomy & histology Central nervous system choline acetyltransferase Choline O-Acetyltransferase - analysis diagonal band Efferent Pathways Fluorescent Dyes Frontal Lobe - analysis Frontal Lobe - anatomy & histology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Horseradish Peroxidase Macaca - anatomy & histology Macaca mulatta Macaca mulatta - anatomy & histology nucleus basalis orbital frontal cortex Septal Nuclei - analysis Septal Nuclei - anatomy & histology Thalamic Nuclei - analysis Thalamic Nuclei - anatomy & histology ventral pallidum Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate Wheat Germ Agglutinins |
title | Basal forebrain efferents to the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus in the rhesus monkey |
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