Effect of increasing degradable intake protein on intake and digestion of low-quality, tallgrass-prairie forage by beef cows

Five ruminally and duodenally fistulated Angus x Hereford cows were used in a 5 X 5 Latin square to monitor intake, ruminal fermentation responses, and site and extent of digestion associated with providing increasing amounts of supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP). Cows had ad libitum access to low-quality, tallgrass-prairie forage (1.9% CP, 77% NDF) that was fed twice daily. The supplemental DIP (sodium caseinate; 90% CP) was infused intraruminally at 0630 and 1830 immediately before feeding forage. Levels of DIP were 0, 180, 360, 540, and 720 g/d. Each period consisted of 14 d of adaptation and 6 d of sampling. Forage OM intake increased quadratically (P 0.01) with increasing supplemental DIP, reaching a peak at the 540 g/d level. True ruminal OM and NDF digestion increased with the addition of 180 g/d supplemental DIP, but exhibited only moderate and somewhat variable responses when greater amounts of supplemental DIP were infused (cubic, P less than or equal to 0.03). Microbial N flow and efficiency increased linearly (P 0.01) with increasing supplemental DIP. However, a quadratic effect (P 0.01) was observed for total duodenal N flow, which was maximized at 540 g/d supplemental DIP. A linear (P