Appraisal, Coping, and Social Support as Mediators of Well-Being in Black and White Family Caregivers of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease
Family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly have high levels of psychological distress. Black caregivers often report less depression than White caregivers, but the process underlying this difference is poorly understood. With the use of a stress process model, 123 Whit...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 1996-02, Vol.64 (1), p.121-129 |
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| creator | Haley, William E Roth, David L Coleton, Marci I Ford, Greg R West, Constance A. C Collins, Robert P Isobe, Teresa L |
| description | Family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly have high levels of psychological distress. Black caregivers often report less depression than White caregivers, but the process underlying this difference is poorly understood. With the use of a stress process model, 123 White and 74 Black family caregivers of patients with AD and other progressive dementias were studied. Black caregivers appraised patient problems as less stressful and reported higher self-efficacy in managing caregiving problems and less depression than did White caregivers. White and Black caregivers also differed significantly in coping responses but not in social supports. Structural equation analyses indicated that the correlational structure of the stress process was similar in White and Black caregivers. Caregiving stressors and race did not affect well-being through direct paths, but they were mediated by effects for appraisal, social support and activity, and coping. Possible cultural mechanisms explaining the better adjustment among Black caregivers are discussed. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1037/0022-006X.64.1.121 |
| format | Article |
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C ; Collins, Robert P ; Isobe, Teresa L</creator><contributor>Beutler, Larry E</contributor><creatorcontrib>Haley, William E ; Roth, David L ; Coleton, Marci I ; Ford, Greg R ; West, Constance A. C ; Collins, Robert P ; Isobe, Teresa L ; Beutler, Larry E</creatorcontrib><description>Family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly have high levels of psychological distress. Black caregivers often report less depression than White caregivers, but the process underlying this difference is poorly understood. With the use of a stress process model, 123 White and 74 Black family caregivers of patients with AD and other progressive dementias were studied. Black caregivers appraised patient problems as less stressful and reported higher self-efficacy in managing caregiving problems and less depression than did White caregivers. White and Black caregivers also differed significantly in coping responses but not in social supports. Structural equation analyses indicated that the correlational structure of the stress process was similar in White and Black caregivers. Caregiving stressors and race did not affect well-being through direct paths, but they were mediated by effects for appraisal, social support and activity, and coping. Possible cultural mechanisms explaining the better adjustment among Black caregivers are discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-006X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-2117</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1037/0022-006X.64.1.121</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8907091</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JCLPBC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Psychological Association</publisher><subject>Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Adults ; African Americans - psychology ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease - ethnology ; Alzheimer Disease - psychology ; Alzheimer Disease - therapy ; Alzheimer's Disease ; Alzheimers Disease ; Biological and medical sciences ; Black Family ; Black People ; Blacks ; Caregiver Burden ; Caregiver Role ; Caregivers ; Caregivers - psychology ; Carers ; Coping ; Coping Behavior ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Dementia ; Depression (Psychology) ; European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology ; Evaluation ; Family (Sociological Unit) ; Family Caregivers ; Family environment. Family history ; Family Members ; Family Problems ; Female ; Human ; Humans ; Intergenerational Relations ; Internal-External Control ; Intervention ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Patients ; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ; Psychopathology. Psychiatry ; Racial and Ethnic Differences ; Racial aspects ; Satisfaction ; Social psychiatry. Ethnopsychiatry ; Social Support ; Social Support Groups ; Stress ; Stress Management ; Stress Process Model ; Stress Variables ; Stress, Psychological - complications ; USA ; Well Being ; Wellbeing ; White People ; Whites</subject><ispartof>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 1996-02, Vol.64 (1), p.121-129</ispartof><rights>1996 American Psychological Association</rights><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>1996, American Psychological Association</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a524t-7f3498909f352281127e75041309f59d8f882bf15f966d349a3c71976de308923</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27846,27901,27902,30977</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=EJ529018$$DView record in ERIC$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3024713$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8907091$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Beutler, Larry E</contributor><creatorcontrib>Haley, William E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Roth, David L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coleton, Marci I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ford, Greg R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>West, Constance A. C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Collins, Robert P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Isobe, Teresa L</creatorcontrib><title>Appraisal, Coping, and Social Support as Mediators of Well-Being in Black and White Family Caregivers of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease</title><title>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology</title><addtitle>J Consult Clin Psychol</addtitle><description>Family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly have high levels of psychological distress. Black caregivers often report less depression than White caregivers, but the process underlying this difference is poorly understood. With the use of a stress process model, 123 White and 74 Black family caregivers of patients with AD and other progressive dementias were studied. Black caregivers appraised patient problems as less stressful and reported higher self-efficacy in managing caregiving problems and less depression than did White caregivers. White and Black caregivers also differed significantly in coping responses but not in social supports. Structural equation analyses indicated that the correlational structure of the stress process was similar in White and Black caregivers. Caregiving stressors and race did not affect well-being through direct paths, but they were mediated by effects for appraisal, social support and activity, and coping. Possible cultural mechanisms explaining the better adjustment among Black caregivers are discussed.</description><subject>Adaptation, Psychological</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Adults</subject><subject>African Americans - psychology</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - ethnology</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - psychology</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - therapy</subject><subject>Alzheimer's Disease</subject><subject>Alzheimers Disease</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Black Family</subject><subject>Black People</subject><subject>Blacks</subject><subject>Caregiver Burden</subject><subject>Caregiver Role</subject><subject>Caregivers</subject><subject>Caregivers - psychology</subject><subject>Carers</subject><subject>Coping</subject><subject>Coping Behavior</subject><subject>Cross-Cultural Comparison</subject><subject>Dementia</subject><subject>Depression (Psychology)</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology</subject><subject>Evaluation</subject><subject>Family (Sociological Unit)</subject><subject>Family Caregivers</subject><subject>Family environment. Family history</subject><subject>Family Members</subject><subject>Family Problems</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Intergenerational Relations</subject><subject>Internal-External Control</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychopathology. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Racial and Ethnic Differences</subject><subject>Racial aspects</subject><subject>Satisfaction</subject><subject>Social psychiatry. 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C</au><au>Collins, Robert P</au><au>Isobe, Teresa L</au><au>Beutler, Larry E</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><ericid>EJ529018</ericid><atitle>Appraisal, Coping, and Social Support as Mediators of Well-Being in Black and White Family Caregivers of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease</atitle><jtitle>Journal of consulting and clinical psychology</jtitle><addtitle>J Consult Clin Psychol</addtitle><date>1996-02-01</date><risdate>1996</risdate><volume>64</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>121</spage><epage>129</epage><pages>121-129</pages><issn>0022-006X</issn><eissn>1939-2117</eissn><coden>JCLPBC</coden><abstract>Family caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly have high levels of psychological distress. Black caregivers often report less depression than White caregivers, but the process underlying this difference is poorly understood. With the use of a stress process model, 123 White and 74 Black family caregivers of patients with AD and other progressive dementias were studied. Black caregivers appraised patient problems as less stressful and reported higher self-efficacy in managing caregiving problems and less depression than did White caregivers. White and Black caregivers also differed significantly in coping responses but not in social supports. Structural equation analyses indicated that the correlational structure of the stress process was similar in White and Black caregivers. Caregiving stressors and race did not affect well-being through direct paths, but they were mediated by effects for appraisal, social support and activity, and coping. Possible cultural mechanisms explaining the better adjustment among Black caregivers are discussed.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Psychological Association</pub><pmid>8907091</pmid><doi>10.1037/0022-006X.64.1.121</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0022-006X |
| ispartof | Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 1996-02, Vol.64 (1), p.121-129 |
| issn | 0022-006X 1939-2117 |
| language | eng |
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| source | Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA); MEDLINE; PsycARTICLES; Periodicals Index Online |
| subjects | Adaptation, Psychological Adult Adults African Americans - psychology Aged Alzheimer Disease - ethnology Alzheimer Disease - psychology Alzheimer Disease - therapy Alzheimer's Disease Alzheimers Disease Biological and medical sciences Black Family Black People Blacks Caregiver Burden Caregiver Role Caregivers Caregivers - psychology Carers Coping Coping Behavior Cross-Cultural Comparison Dementia Depression (Psychology) European Continental Ancestry Group - psychology Evaluation Family (Sociological Unit) Family Caregivers Family environment. Family history Family Members Family Problems Female Human Humans Intergenerational Relations Internal-External Control Intervention Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Patients Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Racial and Ethnic Differences Racial aspects Satisfaction Social psychiatry. Ethnopsychiatry Social Support Social Support Groups Stress Stress Management Stress Process Model Stress Variables Stress, Psychological - complications USA Well Being Wellbeing White People Whites |
| title | Appraisal, Coping, and Social Support as Mediators of Well-Being in Black and White Family Caregivers of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease |
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