Hypoxemia During Hemodialysis: A Critical Review of the Facts

The literature describing the fall in PaO2 during dialysis is intensively and critically reviewed. This phenomenon is related to both the type of membrane used (cellulosic v noncellulosic membrane), and to the composition of the dialysate (acetate v bicarbonate). It appears that a ventilation/perfus...

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Veröffentlicht in:American journal of kidney diseases 1988-04, Vol.11 (4), p.281-297
Hauptverfasser: Cardoso, M., Vinay, P., Vinet, B., Léveillée, M., Prud'homme, M., Téjédor, A., Courteau, M., Gougoux, A., St-Louis, G., Lapierre, L., Piette, Y.
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container_end_page 297
container_issue 4
container_start_page 281
container_title American journal of kidney diseases
container_volume 11
creator Cardoso, M.
Vinay, P.
Vinet, B.
Léveillée, M.
Prud'homme, M.
Téjédor, A.
Courteau, M.
Gougoux, A.
St-Louis, G.
Lapierre, L.
Piette, Y.
description The literature describing the fall in PaO2 during dialysis is intensively and critically reviewed. This phenomenon is related to both the type of membrane used (cellulosic v noncellulosic membrane), and to the composition of the dialysate (acetate v bicarbonate). It appears that a ventilation/perfusion mismatch due to pulmonary leukostasis can, in part, explain hypoxemia in patients dialyzed with cellulosic membranes. This phenomenon is especially apparent in patients with preexisting pulmonary abnormalities. However, hypoventilation remains the major cause of hypoxemia. This hypoventilation is mainly due to CO2 consumption during acetate metabolism (acetate dialysis), or alkalinization of the blood (bicarbonate dialysis). The metabolic consequences of acetate metabolism, and of bicarbonate and CO2 losses through the dialyzer are critically analyzed. The cause for the increment in oxygen consumption during acetate dialysis is examined. Finally, the respective role of these combined factors are described and used to explain the changes in VCO2, VO2, respiratory quotient (RQ), and PaO2 reported in the literature during dialysis against acetate and/or bicarbonate.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/S0272-6386(88)80133-1
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subjects Carbon Dioxide - metabolism
Hemodialysis
Humans
hypoventilation
hypoxemia
Hypoxia - etiology
Hypoxia - metabolism
Hypoxia - physiopathology
Membranes, Artificial
Oxygen - blood
Oxygen Consumption
Renal Dialysis - adverse effects
Respiration
respiratory quotient
ventilation/perfusion mismatch
title Hypoxemia During Hemodialysis: A Critical Review of the Facts
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