Pivalate Affects Carnitine Status but Causes No Severe Metabolic Changes in Rat Liver
To investigate the carnitine deficiency induced by pivalate, rats had free access to drinking water with or without pivalate. Consumption of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 1 wk decreased the levels of both free and total carnitine in plasma to ∼20% of levels before treatment. After 4 wk, the concentrations...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of nutrition 1996-06, Vol.126 (6), p.1683-1687 |
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| creator | Nakajima, Hiroshi Kodo, Naoki Inoue, Fumio Kizaki, Zenro Nukina, Sadayuki Kinugasa, Akihiko Sawada, Tadashi |
| description | To investigate the carnitine deficiency induced by pivalate, rats had free access to drinking water with or without pivalate. Consumption of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 1 wk decreased the levels of both free and total carnitine in plasma to ∼20% of levels before treatment. After 4 wk, the concentrations of free carnitine in the liver, heart and muscle of pivalate-treated rats were ∼60–80% of the control, and in the kidney, 26% of the control. Fractional excretion of free carnitine (FEFC) in pivalate-treated rats was measured; however, the treatment for 3 or 8 d did not affect the values relative to those obtained before treatment. Treatment with pivalate for 4 wk did not affect plasma concentrations of glucose, ammonia and free fatty acids (FFA) in the rats; however, the concentration of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) was higher, and the FFA/3-OHB ratio was lower than those of controls. In a liver perfusion study, ketogenesis from oleate and gluconeogenesis from lactate and pyruvate in rats treated with pivalate for 4 wk were not different from controls. These results suggest that administration of pivalate did not induce the excessive excretion of free carnitine in urine, and secondary carnitine deficiency induced by intake of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 4 wk did not cause severe metabolic changes in rat liver. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/jn/126.6.1683 |
| format | Article |
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Consumption of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 1 wk decreased the levels of both free and total carnitine in plasma to ∼20% of levels before treatment. After 4 wk, the concentrations of free carnitine in the liver, heart and muscle of pivalate-treated rats were ∼60–80% of the control, and in the kidney, 26% of the control. Fractional excretion of free carnitine (FEFC) in pivalate-treated rats was measured; however, the treatment for 3 or 8 d did not affect the values relative to those obtained before treatment. Treatment with pivalate for 4 wk did not affect plasma concentrations of glucose, ammonia and free fatty acids (FFA) in the rats; however, the concentration of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) was higher, and the FFA/3-OHB ratio was lower than those of controls. In a liver perfusion study, ketogenesis from oleate and gluconeogenesis from lactate and pyruvate in rats treated with pivalate for 4 wk were not different from controls. These results suggest that administration of pivalate did not induce the excessive excretion of free carnitine in urine, and secondary carnitine deficiency induced by intake of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 4 wk did not cause severe metabolic changes in rat liver.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-3166</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1541-6100</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jn/126.6.1683</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8648443</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JONUAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Bethesda, MD: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID ; ACIDE GRAS ; ACIDE LACTIQUE ; ACIDE OLEIQUE ; ACIDE ORGANIQUE ; ACIDE PYRUVIQUE ; ACIDO LACTICO ; ACIDO OLEICO ; ACIDO PIRUVICO ; ACIDOS GRASOS ; ACIDOS ORGANICOS ; ANIMAL TISSUES ; Animals ; AZUCAR EN SANGRE ; Biological and medical sciences ; BLOOD PLASMA ; BLOOD SUGAR ; CARENCE EN SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE ; Carnitine - blood ; Carnitine - deficiency ; Carnitine - metabolism ; COMPLEMENT ALIMENTAIRE ; DEFICIENCIAS NUTRITIVAS ; Diet ; Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment ; ESTADO NUTRICIONAL ; ETAT NUTRITIONNEL ; FATTY ACIDS ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood ; gluconeogenesis ; Gluconeogenesis - drug effects ; Heart - drug effects ; Hydroxybutyrates - blood ; ketogenesis ; Ketone Bodies - biosynthesis ; KIDNEYS ; Lactates - metabolism ; LACTIC ACID ; Liver ; Liver - drug effects ; Liver - metabolism ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Metabolism ; Miscellaneous (drug allergy, mutagens, teratogens...) ; MUSCLE ; MUSCLES ; Muscles - drug effects ; Muscles - metabolism ; MUSCULOS ; Myocardium - metabolism ; NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES ; NUTRITIONAL STATUS ; OLEIC ACID ; ORGANIC ACIDS ; Pentanoic Acids - administration & dosage ; Pentanoic Acids - pharmacology ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; pivalate ; PLASMA SANGUIN ; PLASMA SANGUINEO ; Pyruvates - metabolism ; PYRUVIC ACID ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; REIN ; RINONES ; Rodents ; SUCRE DU SANG ; SUPLEMENTOS ; SUPPLEMENTS ; TEJIDOS ANIMALES ; TISSU ANIMAL</subject><ispartof>The Journal of nutrition, 1996-06, Vol.126 (6), p.1683-1687</ispartof><rights>1996 American Society for Nutrition.</rights><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Institute of Nutrition Jun 1996</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-4386bc65c5ce027c5ca25def7822528fd56310adadca2a10384dd408fee1221c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-4386bc65c5ce027c5ca25def7822528fd56310adadca2a10384dd408fee1221c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3144150$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8648443$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Nakajima, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodo, Naoki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Fumio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kizaki, Zenro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nukina, Sadayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinugasa, Akihiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawada, Tadashi</creatorcontrib><title>Pivalate Affects Carnitine Status but Causes No Severe Metabolic Changes in Rat Liver</title><title>The Journal of nutrition</title><addtitle>J Nutr</addtitle><description>To investigate the carnitine deficiency induced by pivalate, rats had free access to drinking water with or without pivalate. Consumption of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 1 wk decreased the levels of both free and total carnitine in plasma to ∼20% of levels before treatment. After 4 wk, the concentrations of free carnitine in the liver, heart and muscle of pivalate-treated rats were ∼60–80% of the control, and in the kidney, 26% of the control. Fractional excretion of free carnitine (FEFC) in pivalate-treated rats was measured; however, the treatment for 3 or 8 d did not affect the values relative to those obtained before treatment. Treatment with pivalate for 4 wk did not affect plasma concentrations of glucose, ammonia and free fatty acids (FFA) in the rats; however, the concentration of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) was higher, and the FFA/3-OHB ratio was lower than those of controls. In a liver perfusion study, ketogenesis from oleate and gluconeogenesis from lactate and pyruvate in rats treated with pivalate for 4 wk were not different from controls. These results suggest that administration of pivalate did not induce the excessive excretion of free carnitine in urine, and secondary carnitine deficiency induced by intake of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 4 wk did not cause severe metabolic changes in rat liver.</description><subject>3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID</subject><subject>ACIDE GRAS</subject><subject>ACIDE LACTIQUE</subject><subject>ACIDE OLEIQUE</subject><subject>ACIDE ORGANIQUE</subject><subject>ACIDE PYRUVIQUE</subject><subject>ACIDO LACTICO</subject><subject>ACIDO OLEICO</subject><subject>ACIDO PIRUVICO</subject><subject>ACIDOS GRASOS</subject><subject>ACIDOS ORGANICOS</subject><subject>ANIMAL TISSUES</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>AZUCAR EN SANGRE</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>BLOOD PLASMA</subject><subject>BLOOD SUGAR</subject><subject>CARENCE EN SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE</subject><subject>Carnitine - blood</subject><subject>Carnitine - deficiency</subject><subject>Carnitine - metabolism</subject><subject>COMPLEMENT ALIMENTAIRE</subject><subject>DEFICIENCIAS NUTRITIVAS</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment</subject><subject>ESTADO NUTRICIONAL</subject><subject>ETAT NUTRITIONNEL</subject><subject>FATTY ACIDS</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood</subject><subject>gluconeogenesis</subject><subject>Gluconeogenesis - drug effects</subject><subject>Heart - drug effects</subject><subject>Hydroxybutyrates - blood</subject><subject>ketogenesis</subject><subject>Ketone Bodies - biosynthesis</subject><subject>KIDNEYS</subject><subject>Lactates - metabolism</subject><subject>LACTIC ACID</subject><subject>Liver</subject><subject>Liver - drug effects</subject><subject>Liver - metabolism</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Miscellaneous (drug allergy, mutagens, teratogens...)</subject><subject>MUSCLE</subject><subject>MUSCLES</subject><subject>Muscles - drug effects</subject><subject>Muscles - metabolism</subject><subject>MUSCULOS</subject><subject>Myocardium - metabolism</subject><subject>NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES</subject><subject>NUTRITIONAL STATUS</subject><subject>OLEIC ACID</subject><subject>ORGANIC ACIDS</subject><subject>Pentanoic Acids - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Pentanoic Acids - pharmacology</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>pivalate</subject><subject>PLASMA SANGUIN</subject><subject>PLASMA SANGUINEO</subject><subject>Pyruvates - metabolism</subject><subject>PYRUVIC ACID</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>REIN</subject><subject>RINONES</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>SUCRE DU SANG</subject><subject>SUPLEMENTOS</subject><subject>SUPPLEMENTS</subject><subject>TEJIDOS ANIMALES</subject><subject>TISSU ANIMAL</subject><issn>0022-3166</issn><issn>1541-6100</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kV2LEzEUhoMoa1299FIIIt5NN9-TuVyKX1A_sPY6nGbOrCnTzJpkCv57U1pWELw6kOfh5eUNIS85W3LWyZt9vOHCLM2SGysfkQXXijeGM_aYLBgTopHcmKfkWc57xhhXnb0iV9Yoq5RckO23cIQRCtLbYUBfMl1BiqGEiHRToMyZ7uZSH-eMmX6Z6AaPmJB-xgK7aQyern5CvKssRPodCl2Hyp-TJwOMGV9c7jXZvn_3Y_WxWX_98Gl1u2680rI0Slqz80Z77ZGJth4QusehtUJoYYdeG8kZ9NBXAJxJq_peMTsgciG4l9fk7Tn3Pk2_ZszFHUL2OI4QcZqzay2zqtO2iq__EffTnGLt5njXKqFa0VapOUs-TTknHNx9CgdIvx1n7rS120dXt3bGnbau_qtL6Lw7YP9gX8at_M2FQ_YwDgmiD_lBk1wprtnfmAEmB3epKtsN77qW6ZZ1p1rtmWNd8hgwuewDRo99SPXHXD-F_xT8A1aDoI0</recordid><startdate>19960601</startdate><enddate>19960601</enddate><creator>Nakajima, Hiroshi</creator><creator>Kodo, Naoki</creator><creator>Inoue, Fumio</creator><creator>Kizaki, Zenro</creator><creator>Nukina, Sadayuki</creator><creator>Kinugasa, Akihiko</creator><creator>Sawada, Tadashi</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>American Society for Nutritional Sciences</general><general>American Institute of Nutrition</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19960601</creationdate><title>Pivalate Affects Carnitine Status but Causes No Severe Metabolic Changes in Rat Liver</title><author>Nakajima, Hiroshi ; Kodo, Naoki ; Inoue, Fumio ; Kizaki, Zenro ; Nukina, Sadayuki ; Kinugasa, Akihiko ; Sawada, Tadashi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c453t-4386bc65c5ce027c5ca25def7822528fd56310adadca2a10384dd408fee1221c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID</topic><topic>ACIDE GRAS</topic><topic>ACIDE LACTIQUE</topic><topic>ACIDE OLEIQUE</topic><topic>ACIDE ORGANIQUE</topic><topic>ACIDE PYRUVIQUE</topic><topic>ACIDO LACTICO</topic><topic>ACIDO OLEICO</topic><topic>ACIDO PIRUVICO</topic><topic>ACIDOS GRASOS</topic><topic>ACIDOS ORGANICOS</topic><topic>ANIMAL TISSUES</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>AZUCAR EN SANGRE</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>BLOOD PLASMA</topic><topic>BLOOD SUGAR</topic><topic>CARENCE EN SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE</topic><topic>Carnitine - blood</topic><topic>Carnitine - deficiency</topic><topic>Carnitine - metabolism</topic><topic>COMPLEMENT ALIMENTAIRE</topic><topic>DEFICIENCIAS NUTRITIVAS</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment</topic><topic>ESTADO NUTRICIONAL</topic><topic>ETAT NUTRITIONNEL</topic><topic>FATTY ACIDS</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood</topic><topic>gluconeogenesis</topic><topic>Gluconeogenesis - drug effects</topic><topic>Heart - drug effects</topic><topic>Hydroxybutyrates - blood</topic><topic>ketogenesis</topic><topic>Ketone Bodies - biosynthesis</topic><topic>KIDNEYS</topic><topic>Lactates - metabolism</topic><topic>LACTIC ACID</topic><topic>Liver</topic><topic>Liver - drug effects</topic><topic>Liver - metabolism</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Metabolism</topic><topic>Miscellaneous (drug allergy, mutagens, teratogens...)</topic><topic>MUSCLE</topic><topic>MUSCLES</topic><topic>Muscles - drug effects</topic><topic>Muscles - metabolism</topic><topic>MUSCULOS</topic><topic>Myocardium - metabolism</topic><topic>NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES</topic><topic>NUTRITIONAL STATUS</topic><topic>OLEIC ACID</topic><topic>ORGANIC ACIDS</topic><topic>Pentanoic Acids - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Pentanoic Acids - pharmacology</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>pivalate</topic><topic>PLASMA SANGUIN</topic><topic>PLASMA SANGUINEO</topic><topic>Pyruvates - metabolism</topic><topic>PYRUVIC ACID</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>REIN</topic><topic>RINONES</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>SUCRE DU SANG</topic><topic>SUPLEMENTOS</topic><topic>SUPPLEMENTS</topic><topic>TEJIDOS ANIMALES</topic><topic>TISSU ANIMAL</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Nakajima, Hiroshi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kodo, Naoki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Inoue, Fumio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kizaki, Zenro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nukina, Sadayuki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kinugasa, Akihiko</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sawada, Tadashi</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Nakajima, Hiroshi</au><au>Kodo, Naoki</au><au>Inoue, Fumio</au><au>Kizaki, Zenro</au><au>Nukina, Sadayuki</au><au>Kinugasa, Akihiko</au><au>Sawada, Tadashi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Pivalate Affects Carnitine Status but Causes No Severe Metabolic Changes in Rat Liver</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of nutrition</jtitle><addtitle>J Nutr</addtitle><date>1996-06-01</date><risdate>1996</risdate><volume>126</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1683</spage><epage>1687</epage><pages>1683-1687</pages><issn>0022-3166</issn><eissn>1541-6100</eissn><coden>JONUAI</coden><abstract>To investigate the carnitine deficiency induced by pivalate, rats had free access to drinking water with or without pivalate. Consumption of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 1 wk decreased the levels of both free and total carnitine in plasma to ∼20% of levels before treatment. After 4 wk, the concentrations of free carnitine in the liver, heart and muscle of pivalate-treated rats were ∼60–80% of the control, and in the kidney, 26% of the control. Fractional excretion of free carnitine (FEFC) in pivalate-treated rats was measured; however, the treatment for 3 or 8 d did not affect the values relative to those obtained before treatment. Treatment with pivalate for 4 wk did not affect plasma concentrations of glucose, ammonia and free fatty acids (FFA) in the rats; however, the concentration of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) was higher, and the FFA/3-OHB ratio was lower than those of controls. In a liver perfusion study, ketogenesis from oleate and gluconeogenesis from lactate and pyruvate in rats treated with pivalate for 4 wk were not different from controls. These results suggest that administration of pivalate did not induce the excessive excretion of free carnitine in urine, and secondary carnitine deficiency induced by intake of 20 mmol/L pivalate for 4 wk did not cause severe metabolic changes in rat liver.</abstract><cop>Bethesda, MD</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>8648443</pmid><doi>10.1093/jn/126.6.1683</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | 3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID ACIDE GRAS ACIDE LACTIQUE ACIDE OLEIQUE ACIDE ORGANIQUE ACIDE PYRUVIQUE ACIDO LACTICO ACIDO OLEICO ACIDO PIRUVICO ACIDOS GRASOS ACIDOS ORGANICOS ANIMAL TISSUES Animals AZUCAR EN SANGRE Biological and medical sciences BLOOD PLASMA BLOOD SUGAR CARENCE EN SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE Carnitine - blood Carnitine - deficiency Carnitine - metabolism COMPLEMENT ALIMENTAIRE DEFICIENCIAS NUTRITIVAS Diet Drug toxicity and drugs side effects treatment ESTADO NUTRICIONAL ETAT NUTRITIONNEL FATTY ACIDS Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - blood gluconeogenesis Gluconeogenesis - drug effects Heart - drug effects Hydroxybutyrates - blood ketogenesis Ketone Bodies - biosynthesis KIDNEYS Lactates - metabolism LACTIC ACID Liver Liver - drug effects Liver - metabolism Male Medical sciences Metabolism Miscellaneous (drug allergy, mutagens, teratogens...) MUSCLE MUSCLES Muscles - drug effects Muscles - metabolism MUSCULOS Myocardium - metabolism NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES NUTRITIONAL STATUS OLEIC ACID ORGANIC ACIDS Pentanoic Acids - administration & dosage Pentanoic Acids - pharmacology Pharmacology. Drug treatments pivalate PLASMA SANGUIN PLASMA SANGUINEO Pyruvates - metabolism PYRUVIC ACID Rats Rats, Wistar REIN RINONES Rodents SUCRE DU SANG SUPLEMENTOS SUPPLEMENTS TEJIDOS ANIMALES TISSU ANIMAL |
| title | Pivalate Affects Carnitine Status but Causes No Severe Metabolic Changes in Rat Liver |
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