Saccadic characteristics of monozygotic and dizygotic twins before and after alcohol administration
To evaluate the degree of heritability in the latency, accuracy, and peak velocity of reflexive saccades in young adult monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins before and after the administration of a single dose of ethanol. Saccades were recorded using a scleral search coil before and after alcoh...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 1996-02, Vol.37 (2), p.339-344 |
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| creator | Gale, BW Abel, LA Christian, JC Sorbel, J Yee, RD |
| description | To evaluate the degree of heritability in the latency, accuracy, and peak velocity of reflexive saccades in young adult monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins before and after the administration of a single dose of ethanol.
Saccades were recorded using a scleral search coil before and after alcohol consumption, and data were analyzed offline. Estimates of heritability based in intraclass correlations (ICCs) and using a maximum likelihood estimates of genetic variance were calculated for the saccadic measures made before and after alcohol, as well as for the changes in latency, accuracy, and velocity.
Intraclass correlations for MZ twins (rMZ) were highly significant; those for DZ twins (rDZ) were not significantly different from zero. This disparity between rMZ and rDZ suggests either multiple gene interactions or in utero environmental differences in the MZ twins. Alcohol significantly prolonged latency, reduced accuracy, and lowered peak velocity. Although the changes after alcohol were not significant, heritability values increased in all three measures after alcohol administration.
Latency, accuracy, and peak velocity appear to be controlled by multiple genes or to depend on prenatal environmental factors. Even a single low dose of alcohol appeared to enhance heritability measures. Differences seen between ICCs for latency, accuracy, and velocity after alcohol administration suggest that developmental control of the neural mechanisms underlying each measure may vary. |
| format | Article |
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Saccades were recorded using a scleral search coil before and after alcohol consumption, and data were analyzed offline. Estimates of heritability based in intraclass correlations (ICCs) and using a maximum likelihood estimates of genetic variance were calculated for the saccadic measures made before and after alcohol, as well as for the changes in latency, accuracy, and velocity.
Intraclass correlations for MZ twins (rMZ) were highly significant; those for DZ twins (rDZ) were not significantly different from zero. This disparity between rMZ and rDZ suggests either multiple gene interactions or in utero environmental differences in the MZ twins. Alcohol significantly prolonged latency, reduced accuracy, and lowered peak velocity. Although the changes after alcohol were not significant, heritability values increased in all three measures after alcohol administration.
Latency, accuracy, and peak velocity appear to be controlled by multiple genes or to depend on prenatal environmental factors. Even a single low dose of alcohol appeared to enhance heritability measures. Differences seen between ICCs for latency, accuracy, and velocity after alcohol administration suggest that developmental control of the neural mechanisms underlying each measure may vary.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0146-0404</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1552-5783</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8603838</identifier><identifier>CODEN: IOVSDA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Rockville, MD: ARVO</publisher><subject>Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Biological and medical sciences ; Ethanol - administration & dosage ; Ethanol - pharmacology ; Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision ; Female ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Oculomotor Muscles - drug effects ; Pursuit, Smooth - drug effects ; Pursuit, Smooth - genetics ; Saccades - drug effects ; Saccades - genetics ; Twins, Dizygotic ; Twins, Monozygotic ; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><ispartof>Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 1996-02, Vol.37 (2), p.339-344</ispartof><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2987244$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8603838$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gale, BW</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abel, LA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christian, JC</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sorbel, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yee, RD</creatorcontrib><title>Saccadic characteristics of monozygotic and dizygotic twins before and after alcohol administration</title><title>Investigative ophthalmology & visual science</title><addtitle>Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci</addtitle><description>To evaluate the degree of heritability in the latency, accuracy, and peak velocity of reflexive saccades in young adult monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins before and after the administration of a single dose of ethanol.
Saccades were recorded using a scleral search coil before and after alcohol consumption, and data were analyzed offline. Estimates of heritability based in intraclass correlations (ICCs) and using a maximum likelihood estimates of genetic variance were calculated for the saccadic measures made before and after alcohol, as well as for the changes in latency, accuracy, and velocity.
Intraclass correlations for MZ twins (rMZ) were highly significant; those for DZ twins (rDZ) were not significantly different from zero. This disparity between rMZ and rDZ suggests either multiple gene interactions or in utero environmental differences in the MZ twins. Alcohol significantly prolonged latency, reduced accuracy, and lowered peak velocity. Although the changes after alcohol were not significant, heritability values increased in all three measures after alcohol administration.
Latency, accuracy, and peak velocity appear to be controlled by multiple genes or to depend on prenatal environmental factors. Even a single low dose of alcohol appeared to enhance heritability measures. Differences seen between ICCs for latency, accuracy, and velocity after alcohol administration suggest that developmental control of the neural mechanisms underlying each measure may vary.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Alcohol Drinking</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Ethanol - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Ethanol - pharmacology</subject><subject>Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Oculomotor Muscles - drug effects</subject><subject>Pursuit, Smooth - drug effects</subject><subject>Pursuit, Smooth - genetics</subject><subject>Saccades - drug effects</subject><subject>Saccades - genetics</subject><subject>Twins, Dizygotic</subject><subject>Twins, Monozygotic</subject><subject>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</subject><issn>0146-0404</issn><issn>1552-5783</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNo9kE1LxDAQhoMo67r6E4Qe1FshmbRNepTFL1jwoJ7DNEm3kbZZky5l_fUWt3oaXt5nHoY5IUuW55DmQvJTsqQsK1Ka0eycXMT4SSkwBnRBFrKgXHK5JPoNtUbjdKIbDKgHG1wcnI6Jr5PO9_77sPVTTrA3iXF_aRhdH5PK1j7Y3wrraTPBVvvGtwmazvWTJ-DgfH9Jzmpso72a54p8PD68r5_TzevTy_p-kzZQ5ENqQHMLFXBeiKosgU13sxohk5UugJVcFxW1woAtQZbC0AIzI0QlZU6h4oavyN3Ruwv-a2_joDoXtW1b7K3fRyUkpQxyOYHXM7ivOmvULrgOw0HNX5n6m7nHqLGtA_baxX8MSikgyybs9og1btuMLlgVO2zbScrUOI5cKFCcl_wHiJl5uQ</recordid><startdate>19960201</startdate><enddate>19960201</enddate><creator>Gale, BW</creator><creator>Abel, LA</creator><creator>Christian, JC</creator><creator>Sorbel, J</creator><creator>Yee, RD</creator><general>ARVO</general><general>Association for Research in Vision and Ophtalmology</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19960201</creationdate><title>Saccadic characteristics of monozygotic and dizygotic twins before and after alcohol administration</title><author>Gale, BW ; Abel, LA ; Christian, JC ; Sorbel, J ; Yee, RD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-h265t-d2c3e2b23367b99214041fa248bc62193c6b0e7d2e92897d06a4d77b88502b3d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Alcohol Drinking</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Ethanol - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Ethanol - pharmacology</topic><topic>Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Oculomotor Muscles - drug effects</topic><topic>Pursuit, Smooth - drug effects</topic><topic>Pursuit, Smooth - genetics</topic><topic>Saccades - drug effects</topic><topic>Saccades - genetics</topic><topic>Twins, Dizygotic</topic><topic>Twins, Monozygotic</topic><topic>Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gale, BW</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Abel, LA</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Christian, JC</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sorbel, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yee, RD</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Investigative ophthalmology & visual science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gale, BW</au><au>Abel, LA</au><au>Christian, JC</au><au>Sorbel, J</au><au>Yee, RD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Saccadic characteristics of monozygotic and dizygotic twins before and after alcohol administration</atitle><jtitle>Investigative ophthalmology & visual science</jtitle><addtitle>Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci</addtitle><date>1996-02-01</date><risdate>1996</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>339</spage><epage>344</epage><pages>339-344</pages><issn>0146-0404</issn><eissn>1552-5783</eissn><coden>IOVSDA</coden><abstract>To evaluate the degree of heritability in the latency, accuracy, and peak velocity of reflexive saccades in young adult monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins before and after the administration of a single dose of ethanol.
Saccades were recorded using a scleral search coil before and after alcohol consumption, and data were analyzed offline. Estimates of heritability based in intraclass correlations (ICCs) and using a maximum likelihood estimates of genetic variance were calculated for the saccadic measures made before and after alcohol, as well as for the changes in latency, accuracy, and velocity.
Intraclass correlations for MZ twins (rMZ) were highly significant; those for DZ twins (rDZ) were not significantly different from zero. This disparity between rMZ and rDZ suggests either multiple gene interactions or in utero environmental differences in the MZ twins. Alcohol significantly prolonged latency, reduced accuracy, and lowered peak velocity. Although the changes after alcohol were not significant, heritability values increased in all three measures after alcohol administration.
Latency, accuracy, and peak velocity appear to be controlled by multiple genes or to depend on prenatal environmental factors. Even a single low dose of alcohol appeared to enhance heritability measures. Differences seen between ICCs for latency, accuracy, and velocity after alcohol administration suggest that developmental control of the neural mechanisms underlying each measure may vary.</abstract><cop>Rockville, MD</cop><pub>ARVO</pub><pmid>8603838</pmid><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 1996-02, Vol.37 (2), p.339-344 |
| issn | 0146-0404 1552-5783 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals |
| subjects | Adult Alcohol Drinking Biological and medical sciences Ethanol - administration & dosage Ethanol - pharmacology Eye and associated structures. Visual pathways and centers. Vision Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Male Oculomotor Muscles - drug effects Pursuit, Smooth - drug effects Pursuit, Smooth - genetics Saccades - drug effects Saccades - genetics Twins, Dizygotic Twins, Monozygotic Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs |
| title | Saccadic characteristics of monozygotic and dizygotic twins before and after alcohol administration |
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