Gut Barrier Failure in Experimental Obstructive Jaundice
Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract is central to current concepts of endogenous sepsis. Studies were designed to evaluate the potential relevance of translocation to the high incidence of infection in obstructive jaundice. Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy and division of...
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Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of surgical research 1996-04, Vol.62 (1), p.11-16 |
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description | Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract is central to current concepts of endogenous sepsis. Studies were designed to evaluate the potential relevance of translocation to the high incidence of infection in obstructive jaundice. Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy and division of the bile duct or sham ligation. In Study 1, rats were sacrificed after 24 hr, 1 week, and 3 weeks and the mesenteric lymph node complex, cecum, and blood were cultured and plasma endotoxin was measured. In Studies 2 and 3, sham- and bile duct-ligated rats were challenged after 1 week with operative trauma and intravenous endotoxin, respectively. Animals were sacrificed after a further 24 hr. No translocation was observed in sham-operated rats. Although colonization of the mesenteric lymph nodes was not seen in bile duct-ligated rats after 24 hr, this was evident in 75% of rats after 1 and 3 weeks. Surgical trauma and endotoxin produced bacterial translocation in 33 and 40%, respectively, of sham-operated animals; this was enhanced in bile duct-ligated rats to 75% (P< 0.01 vs shams) and 93% (P< 0.001 vs shams), respectively. Endotoxin resulted in positive blood cultures in 71% of jaundiced rats compared with none of the sham group injected with endotoxin (P< 0.001). Biliary obstruction produces bacterial translocation and this process is enhanced by surgical trauma and endotoxin. The data support the thesis of gut barrier failure in jaundice and suggest that therapies targeted toward decreasing bacterial translocation may merit evaluation in the prophylaxis and treatment of infection in the jaundiced patient. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1006/jsre.1996.0165 |
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Studies were designed to evaluate the potential relevance of translocation to the high incidence of infection in obstructive jaundice. Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy and division of the bile duct or sham ligation. In Study 1, rats were sacrificed after 24 hr, 1 week, and 3 weeks and the mesenteric lymph node complex, cecum, and blood were cultured and plasma endotoxin was measured. In Studies 2 and 3, sham- and bile duct-ligated rats were challenged after 1 week with operative trauma and intravenous endotoxin, respectively. Animals were sacrificed after a further 24 hr. No translocation was observed in sham-operated rats. Although colonization of the mesenteric lymph nodes was not seen in bile duct-ligated rats after 24 hr, this was evident in 75% of rats after 1 and 3 weeks. Surgical trauma and endotoxin produced bacterial translocation in 33 and 40%, respectively, of sham-operated animals; this was enhanced in bile duct-ligated rats to 75% (P< 0.01 vs shams) and 93% (P< 0.001 vs shams), respectively. Endotoxin resulted in positive blood cultures in 71% of jaundiced rats compared with none of the sham group injected with endotoxin (P< 0.001). Biliary obstruction produces bacterial translocation and this process is enhanced by surgical trauma and endotoxin. The data support the thesis of gut barrier failure in jaundice and suggest that therapies targeted toward decreasing bacterial translocation may merit evaluation in the prophylaxis and treatment of infection in the jaundiced patient.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-4804</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-8673</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1996.0165</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8606497</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JSGRA2</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Bacteremia ; Bacterial Translocation ; Bile Ducts - surgery ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cholestasis - microbiology ; Cholestasis - surgery ; Digestive System - immunology ; Digestive System - microbiology ; Endotoxins - blood ; Escherichia coli - isolation & purification ; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen ; Ligation ; Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas ; Medical sciences ; Other diseases. Semiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sepsis - microbiology</subject><ispartof>The Journal of surgical research, 1996-04, Vol.62 (1), p.11-16</ispartof><rights>1996 Academic Press</rights><rights>1996 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-48e1aafd60a0b7627b780c1460e44409d9ecddcfbe8b135936febb38ca10cfae3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsre.1996.0165$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3051971$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8606497$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Reynolds, John V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murchan, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leonard, Niamh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, Peadar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keane, Frank B.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanner, W.Arthur</creatorcontrib><title>Gut Barrier Failure in Experimental Obstructive Jaundice</title><title>The Journal of surgical research</title><addtitle>J Surg Res</addtitle><description>Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract is central to current concepts of endogenous sepsis. Studies were designed to evaluate the potential relevance of translocation to the high incidence of infection in obstructive jaundice. Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy and division of the bile duct or sham ligation. In Study 1, rats were sacrificed after 24 hr, 1 week, and 3 weeks and the mesenteric lymph node complex, cecum, and blood were cultured and plasma endotoxin was measured. In Studies 2 and 3, sham- and bile duct-ligated rats were challenged after 1 week with operative trauma and intravenous endotoxin, respectively. Animals were sacrificed after a further 24 hr. No translocation was observed in sham-operated rats. Although colonization of the mesenteric lymph nodes was not seen in bile duct-ligated rats after 24 hr, this was evident in 75% of rats after 1 and 3 weeks. Surgical trauma and endotoxin produced bacterial translocation in 33 and 40%, respectively, of sham-operated animals; this was enhanced in bile duct-ligated rats to 75% (P< 0.01 vs shams) and 93% (P< 0.001 vs shams), respectively. Endotoxin resulted in positive blood cultures in 71% of jaundiced rats compared with none of the sham group injected with endotoxin (P< 0.001). Biliary obstruction produces bacterial translocation and this process is enhanced by surgical trauma and endotoxin. The data support the thesis of gut barrier failure in jaundice and suggest that therapies targeted toward decreasing bacterial translocation may merit evaluation in the prophylaxis and treatment of infection in the jaundiced patient.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacteremia</subject><subject>Bacterial Translocation</subject><subject>Bile Ducts - surgery</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cholestasis - microbiology</subject><subject>Cholestasis - surgery</subject><subject>Digestive System - immunology</subject><subject>Digestive System - microbiology</subject><subject>Endotoxins - blood</subject><subject>Escherichia coli - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen</subject><subject>Ligation</subject><subject>Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Other diseases. Semiology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Sepsis - microbiology</subject><issn>0022-4804</issn><issn>1095-8673</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1996</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kDtPwzAQgC0EKqWwsiFlQGwp58bxY4SqLaBKXWC2HOciuUqTYicV_HtcNerGdDrdd6-PkHsKUwrAn7fB45QqxadAeX5BxhRUnkousksyBpjNUiaBXZObELYQcyWyERlJDpwpMSZy1XfJq_HeoU-WxtW9x8Q1yeJnj97tsOlMnWyK0Pnedu6AyYfpm9JZvCVXlakD3g1xQr6Wi8_5W7rerN7nL-vUsox1cTlSY6qSg4FC8JkohARLGQdkjIEqFdqytFWBsqBZrjJeYVFk0hoKtjKYTcjTae7et989hk7vXLBY16bBtg9aCCVk_D-C0xNofRuilErv4wPG_2oK-qhKH1Xpoyp9VBUbHobJfbHD8owPbmL9caibYE1dedNYF85YBjlVgkZMnjCMFg5Row7WYWOxdB5tp8vW_XfBH4WohR4</recordid><startdate>19960401</startdate><enddate>19960401</enddate><creator>Reynolds, John V.</creator><creator>Murchan, Peter</creator><creator>Leonard, Niamh</creator><creator>Clarke, Peadar</creator><creator>Keane, Frank B.V.</creator><creator>Tanner, W.Arthur</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19960401</creationdate><title>Gut Barrier Failure in Experimental Obstructive Jaundice</title><author>Reynolds, John V. ; Murchan, Peter ; Leonard, Niamh ; Clarke, Peadar ; Keane, Frank B.V. ; Tanner, W.Arthur</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-48e1aafd60a0b7627b780c1460e44409d9ecddcfbe8b135936febb38ca10cfae3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1996</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Bacteremia</topic><topic>Bacterial Translocation</topic><topic>Bile Ducts - surgery</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cholestasis - microbiology</topic><topic>Cholestasis - surgery</topic><topic>Digestive System - immunology</topic><topic>Digestive System - microbiology</topic><topic>Endotoxins - blood</topic><topic>Escherichia coli - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen</topic><topic>Ligation</topic><topic>Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Other diseases. Semiology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Sepsis - microbiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Reynolds, John V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Murchan, Peter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leonard, Niamh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clarke, Peadar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Keane, Frank B.V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tanner, W.Arthur</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Journal of surgical research</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Reynolds, John V.</au><au>Murchan, Peter</au><au>Leonard, Niamh</au><au>Clarke, Peadar</au><au>Keane, Frank B.V.</au><au>Tanner, W.Arthur</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Gut Barrier Failure in Experimental Obstructive Jaundice</atitle><jtitle>The Journal of surgical research</jtitle><addtitle>J Surg Res</addtitle><date>1996-04-01</date><risdate>1996</risdate><volume>62</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>11</spage><epage>16</epage><pages>11-16</pages><issn>0022-4804</issn><eissn>1095-8673</eissn><coden>JSGRA2</coden><abstract>Bacterial translocation from the gastrointestinal tract is central to current concepts of endogenous sepsis. Studies were designed to evaluate the potential relevance of translocation to the high incidence of infection in obstructive jaundice. Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy and division of the bile duct or sham ligation. In Study 1, rats were sacrificed after 24 hr, 1 week, and 3 weeks and the mesenteric lymph node complex, cecum, and blood were cultured and plasma endotoxin was measured. In Studies 2 and 3, sham- and bile duct-ligated rats were challenged after 1 week with operative trauma and intravenous endotoxin, respectively. Animals were sacrificed after a further 24 hr. No translocation was observed in sham-operated rats. Although colonization of the mesenteric lymph nodes was not seen in bile duct-ligated rats after 24 hr, this was evident in 75% of rats after 1 and 3 weeks. Surgical trauma and endotoxin produced bacterial translocation in 33 and 40%, respectively, of sham-operated animals; this was enhanced in bile duct-ligated rats to 75% (P< 0.01 vs shams) and 93% (P< 0.001 vs shams), respectively. Endotoxin resulted in positive blood cultures in 71% of jaundiced rats compared with none of the sham group injected with endotoxin (P< 0.001). Biliary obstruction produces bacterial translocation and this process is enhanced by surgical trauma and endotoxin. The data support the thesis of gut barrier failure in jaundice and suggest that therapies targeted toward decreasing bacterial translocation may merit evaluation in the prophylaxis and treatment of infection in the jaundiced patient.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>8606497</pmid><doi>10.1006/jsre.1996.0165</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Animals Bacteremia Bacterial Translocation Bile Ducts - surgery Biological and medical sciences Cholestasis - microbiology Cholestasis - surgery Digestive System - immunology Digestive System - microbiology Endotoxins - blood Escherichia coli - isolation & purification Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen Ligation Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas Medical sciences Other diseases. Semiology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Sepsis - microbiology |
title | Gut Barrier Failure in Experimental Obstructive Jaundice |
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