The adrenal gland of stranded whales ( Kogia breviceps and Mesoplodon europaeus): In vitro modulation of mitochondrial steroid enzyme activities
The effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cyclic AMP (cAMP), NADPH, Krebs cycle intermediates (KCI), and metyrapone on the two key mitochondrial reactions in the biosynthesis of glucocorticoids—11β-hydroxylation and cholesterol cleavage—were studied in preparations from the adrenal glands o...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | General and comparative endocrinology 1987-11, Vol.68 (2), p.304-312 |
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| creator | Carballeira, Andres Brown, John W. Fishman, Lawrence M. Bertetta, Cristina Bossart, Gregory D. |
| description | The effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cyclic AMP (cAMP), NADPH, Krebs cycle intermediates (KCI), and metyrapone on the two key mitochondrial reactions in the biosynthesis of glucocorticoids—11β-hydroxylation and cholesterol cleavage—were studied in preparations from the adrenal glands of stranded whales (
Kogia breviceps and
Mesoplodon europaeus) and some terrestrial mammals. ACTH (30 p
M) and cAMP (1.0 m
M) enhanced the 11β-hydroxylation of [11-
3H]deoxycorticosterone ([
3H]DOC) in monolayer cultures of whale adrenal cells during a 4-hr incubation period. Mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals responded in a similar dose-related fashion to NADPH generated by the addition of increasing amounts of NADP (0–0.6 m
M) to the
in vitro system; at each level of NADPH, 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC was several-fold greater than the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol. Metyrapone interfered in a dose-related manner with both the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC and the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol by mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals; inhibition of 11β-hydroxylation exceeded 60% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and was virtually complete at 1.0 m
M in both species, while inhibition of [
14C]cholesterol cleavage averaged 25% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and 50% at 1.0 m
M. The effect of exogenous NADPH in supporting the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC could be maintained in beef and rat adrenal mitochondria to the extent of 70–100% by substitution with any of the KCI. This phenomenon was not found in similar whale studies where the KCI were all ineffective. This finding represents the major biochemical difference between adrenal steroidogenesis in whales and in terrestrial mammals, but it is not clear whether this distinction represents a physiologic adaptation to the aquatic environment or an effect of the unknown pathologic process associated with the stranding of these marine mammals. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/0016-6480(87)90042-6 |
| format | Article |
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Kogia breviceps and
Mesoplodon europaeus) and some terrestrial mammals. ACTH (30 p
M) and cAMP (1.0 m
M) enhanced the 11β-hydroxylation of [11-
3H]deoxycorticosterone ([
3H]DOC) in monolayer cultures of whale adrenal cells during a 4-hr incubation period. Mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals responded in a similar dose-related fashion to NADPH generated by the addition of increasing amounts of NADP (0–0.6 m
M) to the
in vitro system; at each level of NADPH, 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC was several-fold greater than the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol. Metyrapone interfered in a dose-related manner with both the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC and the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol by mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals; inhibition of 11β-hydroxylation exceeded 60% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and was virtually complete at 1.0 m
M in both species, while inhibition of [
14C]cholesterol cleavage averaged 25% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and 50% at 1.0 m
M. The effect of exogenous NADPH in supporting the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC could be maintained in beef and rat adrenal mitochondria to the extent of 70–100% by substitution with any of the KCI. This phenomenon was not found in similar whale studies where the KCI were all ineffective. This finding represents the major biochemical difference between adrenal steroidogenesis in whales and in terrestrial mammals, but it is not clear whether this distinction represents a physiologic adaptation to the aquatic environment or an effect of the unknown pathologic process associated with the stranding of these marine mammals.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0016-6480</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-6840</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(87)90042-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 2828152</identifier><identifier>CODEN: GCENA5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Diego, CA: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adrenal Glands - drug effects ; Adrenal Glands - enzymology ; Adrenals. Interrenals ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology ; Animals ; Biological and medical sciences ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Cetacea - metabolism ; Cholesterol - metabolism ; Cyclic AMP - pharmacology ; Desoxycorticosterone - metabolism ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Hydroxylation ; Kogia breviceps ; Marine ; Mesoplodon europaeus ; Metyrapone - pharmacology ; Mitochondria - drug effects ; Mitochondria - enzymology ; Morphology. Functional localizations ; NADP - pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred BUF ; Species Specificity ; Succinates - pharmacology ; Vertebrates: endocrinology ; Whales - metabolism</subject><ispartof>General and comparative endocrinology, 1987-11, Vol.68 (2), p.304-312</ispartof><rights>1987</rights><rights>1988 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c332t-492cd36d9564d94b4b6d46940a024aa1be12f51fde4df2facd4c549f53a49ee03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c332t-492cd36d9564d94b4b6d46940a024aa1be12f51fde4df2facd4c549f53a49ee03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-6480(87)90042-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,45974</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=7721219$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2828152$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Carballeira, Andres</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, John W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fishman, Lawrence M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bertetta, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bossart, Gregory D.</creatorcontrib><title>The adrenal gland of stranded whales ( Kogia breviceps and Mesoplodon europaeus): In vitro modulation of mitochondrial steroid enzyme activities</title><title>General and comparative endocrinology</title><addtitle>Gen Comp Endocrinol</addtitle><description>The effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cyclic AMP (cAMP), NADPH, Krebs cycle intermediates (KCI), and metyrapone on the two key mitochondrial reactions in the biosynthesis of glucocorticoids—11β-hydroxylation and cholesterol cleavage—were studied in preparations from the adrenal glands of stranded whales (
Kogia breviceps and
Mesoplodon europaeus) and some terrestrial mammals. ACTH (30 p
M) and cAMP (1.0 m
M) enhanced the 11β-hydroxylation of [11-
3H]deoxycorticosterone ([
3H]DOC) in monolayer cultures of whale adrenal cells during a 4-hr incubation period. Mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals responded in a similar dose-related fashion to NADPH generated by the addition of increasing amounts of NADP (0–0.6 m
M) to the
in vitro system; at each level of NADPH, 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC was several-fold greater than the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol. Metyrapone interfered in a dose-related manner with both the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC and the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol by mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals; inhibition of 11β-hydroxylation exceeded 60% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and was virtually complete at 1.0 m
M in both species, while inhibition of [
14C]cholesterol cleavage averaged 25% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and 50% at 1.0 m
M. The effect of exogenous NADPH in supporting the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC could be maintained in beef and rat adrenal mitochondria to the extent of 70–100% by substitution with any of the KCI. This phenomenon was not found in similar whale studies where the KCI were all ineffective. This finding represents the major biochemical difference between adrenal steroidogenesis in whales and in terrestrial mammals, but it is not clear whether this distinction represents a physiologic adaptation to the aquatic environment or an effect of the unknown pathologic process associated with the stranding of these marine mammals.</description><subject>Adrenal Glands - drug effects</subject><subject>Adrenal Glands - enzymology</subject><subject>Adrenals. Interrenals</subject><subject>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>Cells, Cultured</subject><subject>Cetacea - metabolism</subject><subject>Cholesterol - metabolism</subject><subject>Cyclic AMP - pharmacology</subject><subject>Desoxycorticosterone - metabolism</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Hydroxylation</subject><subject>Kogia breviceps</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Mesoplodon europaeus</subject><subject>Metyrapone - pharmacology</subject><subject>Mitochondria - drug effects</subject><subject>Mitochondria - enzymology</subject><subject>Morphology. Functional localizations</subject><subject>NADP - pharmacology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Inbred BUF</subject><subject>Species Specificity</subject><subject>Succinates - pharmacology</subject><subject>Vertebrates: endocrinology</subject><subject>Whales - metabolism</subject><issn>0016-6480</issn><issn>1095-6840</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1987</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc1u1DAUhS0EKtPCG4DkBULtImA7jhN3gYQqfiqK2JS15djXHaMkDrYzqH0KHhmHGc0SNral853jq3sQekHJG0qoeEvKUQnekfOuvZCEcFaJR2hDiWwq0XHyGG2OyFN0mtIPQkhTC3qCTljHOtqwDfp9uwWsbYRJD_hu0JPFweGUY3mBxb-2eoCEz_GXcOc17iPsvIE54RX8CinMQ7BhwrDEMGtY0sUlvp7wzucY8BjsMujsi14yR5-D2YbJRl--Shli8BbD9HA_lglM9sXkIT1DT5weEjw_3Gfo-8cPt1efq5tvn66v3t9Upq5ZrrhkxtbCykZwK3nPe2G5kJxowrjWtAfKXEOdBW4dc9pYbhouXVNrLgFIfYZe73PnGH4ukLIafTIwlBVAWJJqW0k57er_gpR3LWXtmsj3oIkhpQhOzdGPOt4rStTamFrrUGsdqmvV38aUKLaXh_ylH8EeTYeKiv7qoOtk9OBKM8anI9a2jDIqC_Zuj0FZ2s5DVMl4mAxYH8FkZYP_9xx_ABTCtDs</recordid><startdate>198711</startdate><enddate>198711</enddate><creator>Carballeira, Andres</creator><creator>Brown, John W.</creator><creator>Fishman, Lawrence M.</creator><creator>Bertetta, Cristina</creator><creator>Bossart, Gregory D.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>198711</creationdate><title>The adrenal gland of stranded whales ( Kogia breviceps and Mesoplodon europaeus): In vitro modulation of mitochondrial steroid enzyme activities</title><author>Carballeira, Andres ; Brown, John W. ; Fishman, Lawrence M. ; Bertetta, Cristina ; Bossart, Gregory D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c332t-492cd36d9564d94b4b6d46940a024aa1be12f51fde4df2facd4c549f53a49ee03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1987</creationdate><topic>Adrenal Glands - drug effects</topic><topic>Adrenal Glands - enzymology</topic><topic>Adrenals. Interrenals</topic><topic>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>Cells, Cultured</topic><topic>Cetacea - metabolism</topic><topic>Cholesterol - metabolism</topic><topic>Cyclic AMP - pharmacology</topic><topic>Desoxycorticosterone - metabolism</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Hydroxylation</topic><topic>Kogia breviceps</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Mesoplodon europaeus</topic><topic>Metyrapone - pharmacology</topic><topic>Mitochondria - drug effects</topic><topic>Mitochondria - enzymology</topic><topic>Morphology. Functional localizations</topic><topic>NADP - pharmacology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Inbred BUF</topic><topic>Species Specificity</topic><topic>Succinates - pharmacology</topic><topic>Vertebrates: endocrinology</topic><topic>Whales - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Carballeira, Andres</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brown, John W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fishman, Lawrence M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bertetta, Cristina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bossart, Gregory D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>General and comparative endocrinology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Carballeira, Andres</au><au>Brown, John W.</au><au>Fishman, Lawrence M.</au><au>Bertetta, Cristina</au><au>Bossart, Gregory D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The adrenal gland of stranded whales ( Kogia breviceps and Mesoplodon europaeus): In vitro modulation of mitochondrial steroid enzyme activities</atitle><jtitle>General and comparative endocrinology</jtitle><addtitle>Gen Comp Endocrinol</addtitle><date>1987-11</date><risdate>1987</risdate><volume>68</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>304</spage><epage>312</epage><pages>304-312</pages><issn>0016-6480</issn><eissn>1095-6840</eissn><coden>GCENA5</coden><abstract>The effects of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cyclic AMP (cAMP), NADPH, Krebs cycle intermediates (KCI), and metyrapone on the two key mitochondrial reactions in the biosynthesis of glucocorticoids—11β-hydroxylation and cholesterol cleavage—were studied in preparations from the adrenal glands of stranded whales (
Kogia breviceps and
Mesoplodon europaeus) and some terrestrial mammals. ACTH (30 p
M) and cAMP (1.0 m
M) enhanced the 11β-hydroxylation of [11-
3H]deoxycorticosterone ([
3H]DOC) in monolayer cultures of whale adrenal cells during a 4-hr incubation period. Mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals responded in a similar dose-related fashion to NADPH generated by the addition of increasing amounts of NADP (0–0.6 m
M) to the
in vitro system; at each level of NADPH, 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC was several-fold greater than the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol. Metyrapone interfered in a dose-related manner with both the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC and the cleavage of [
14C]cholesterol by mitochondria from whale and beef adrenals; inhibition of 11β-hydroxylation exceeded 60% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and was virtually complete at 1.0 m
M in both species, while inhibition of [
14C]cholesterol cleavage averaged 25% at 0.1 m
M metyrapone and 50% at 1.0 m
M. The effect of exogenous NADPH in supporting the 11β-hydroxylation of [
14C]DOC could be maintained in beef and rat adrenal mitochondria to the extent of 70–100% by substitution with any of the KCI. This phenomenon was not found in similar whale studies where the KCI were all ineffective. This finding represents the major biochemical difference between adrenal steroidogenesis in whales and in terrestrial mammals, but it is not clear whether this distinction represents a physiologic adaptation to the aquatic environment or an effect of the unknown pathologic process associated with the stranding of these marine mammals.</abstract><cop>San Diego, CA</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>2828152</pmid><doi>10.1016/0016-6480(87)90042-6</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0016-6480 |
| ispartof | General and comparative endocrinology, 1987-11, Vol.68 (2), p.304-312 |
| issn | 0016-6480 1095-6840 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_77914183 |
| source | MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals |
| subjects | Adrenal Glands - drug effects Adrenal Glands - enzymology Adrenals. Interrenals Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology Animals Biological and medical sciences Cattle Cells, Cultured Cetacea - metabolism Cholesterol - metabolism Cyclic AMP - pharmacology Desoxycorticosterone - metabolism Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hydroxylation Kogia breviceps Marine Mesoplodon europaeus Metyrapone - pharmacology Mitochondria - drug effects Mitochondria - enzymology Morphology. Functional localizations NADP - pharmacology Rats Rats, Inbred BUF Species Specificity Succinates - pharmacology Vertebrates: endocrinology Whales - metabolism |
| title | The adrenal gland of stranded whales ( Kogia breviceps and Mesoplodon europaeus): In vitro modulation of mitochondrial steroid enzyme activities |
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