AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN THE EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ANAPLASMOSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES
The role of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the epizootiology of anaplasmosis in the southeastern United States was examined through retrospective and prospective serosurveys and by experimental infection studies. No serum antibody reactive to Anaplasma marginale was detected with an i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of wildlife diseases 1995-07, Vol.31 (3), p.378-385 |
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| creator | Keel, M. Kevin Goff, Will L. Davidson, William R. |
| description | The role of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the epizootiology of anaplasmosis in the southeastern United States was examined through retrospective and prospective serosurveys and by experimental infection studies. No serum antibody reactive to Anaplasma marginale was detected with an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assay from any of 1,376 free-ranging deer sampled from 1968 through 1990 from 13 states and Puerto Rico. Thirty-one additional deer from three bovine anaplasmosis enzootic premises also were negative by IFA and Giemsa-stained blood films. Three captive deer given A. marginale intravenously developed antibodies 38 to 41 days post-inoculation (DPI) and remained seropositive for the duration of the study (161 to 287 DPI). At 42 DPI, rickettsemias of approximately 0.0001% infected erythrocytes were observed in all three deer using a DNA probe; low rickettsemias (maximum 0.01%) persisted through 56, 63, and 87 DPI, respectively. One deer had a recrudescent infection from 126 to 146 DPI (maximum rickettsemia 0.001%). We believe that white-tailed deer in the southeastern United States, even though susceptible to A. marginale infection, are not exposed naturally, even at enzootic sites. Furthermore, white-tailed deer did not develop rickettsemias sufficient to support mechanical transmission by biting flies, which is believed to be the primary means of anaplasmosis transmission in this region. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.7589/0090-3558-31.3.378 |
| format | Article |
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Kevin ; Goff, Will L. ; Davidson, William R.</creator><creatorcontrib>Keel, M. Kevin ; Goff, Will L. ; Davidson, William R.</creatorcontrib><description>The role of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the epizootiology of anaplasmosis in the southeastern United States was examined through retrospective and prospective serosurveys and by experimental infection studies. No serum antibody reactive to Anaplasma marginale was detected with an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assay from any of 1,376 free-ranging deer sampled from 1968 through 1990 from 13 states and Puerto Rico. Thirty-one additional deer from three bovine anaplasmosis enzootic premises also were negative by IFA and Giemsa-stained blood films. Three captive deer given A. marginale intravenously developed antibodies 38 to 41 days post-inoculation (DPI) and remained seropositive for the duration of the study (161 to 287 DPI). At 42 DPI, rickettsemias of approximately 0.0001% infected erythrocytes were observed in all three deer using a DNA probe; low rickettsemias (maximum 0.01%) persisted through 56, 63, and 87 DPI, respectively. One deer had a recrudescent infection from 126 to 146 DPI (maximum rickettsemia 0.001%). We believe that white-tailed deer in the southeastern United States, even though susceptible to A. marginale infection, are not exposed naturally, even at enzootic sites. Furthermore, white-tailed deer did not develop rickettsemias sufficient to support mechanical transmission by biting flies, which is believed to be the primary means of anaplasmosis transmission in this region.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0090-3558</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1943-3700</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-31.3.378</identifier><identifier>PMID: 8592360</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Wildlife Disease Association</publisher><subject>ANAPLASMA ; Anaplasma - genetics ; Anaplasma - immunology ; ANAPLASMA MARGINALE ; ANAPLASMOSE ; ANAPLASMOSIS ; Anaplasmosis - complications ; Anaplasmosis - epidemiology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood ; Bacteremia - complications ; Bacteremia - epidemiology ; Bacteremia - veterinary ; Binomial Distribution ; Confidence Intervals ; Deer ; DISEASE VECTORS ; DNA Probes ; DNA, Bacterial - analysis ; ENCUESTAS ; ENQUETE ; EPIDEMIOLOGIA ; EPIDEMIOLOGIE ; EPIDEMIOLOGY ; ESTADOS DEL SUDESTE (EUA) ; ETATS DU SUD EST (EU) ; experimental infection ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary ; HOSTS ; HOTE ; HUESPEDES ; IMMUNOLOGIE ; IMMUNOLOGY ; INMUNOLOGIA ; ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Puerto Rico - epidemiology ; RESERVOIR HOSTS ; Retrospective Studies ; Rickettsia Infections - complications ; Rickettsia Infections - epidemiology ; Rickettsia Infections - veterinary ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; SEROLOGICAL SURVEYS ; serology ; SOUTH EASTERN STATES (USA) ; Southeastern United States - epidemiology ; survey ; SURVEYS ; VECTEUR DE MALADIE ; VECTORES ; VECTORS ; white-tailed deer</subject><ispartof>Journal of wildlife diseases, 1995-07, Vol.31 (3), p.378-385</ispartof><rights>Wildlife Disease Association 1995</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b485t-571b2ca3fa8ebdda4a039720dd607671900e24db7acc7f7d3700b745a88dcd173</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.7589/0090-3558-31.3.378$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbioone$$H</linktopdf><link.rule.ids>109,314,780,784,27924,27925,52719</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8592360$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Keel, M. Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goff, Will L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davidson, William R.</creatorcontrib><title>AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN THE EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ANAPLASMOSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES</title><title>Journal of wildlife diseases</title><addtitle>J Wildl Dis</addtitle><description>The role of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the epizootiology of anaplasmosis in the southeastern United States was examined through retrospective and prospective serosurveys and by experimental infection studies. No serum antibody reactive to Anaplasma marginale was detected with an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assay from any of 1,376 free-ranging deer sampled from 1968 through 1990 from 13 states and Puerto Rico. Thirty-one additional deer from three bovine anaplasmosis enzootic premises also were negative by IFA and Giemsa-stained blood films. Three captive deer given A. marginale intravenously developed antibodies 38 to 41 days post-inoculation (DPI) and remained seropositive for the duration of the study (161 to 287 DPI). At 42 DPI, rickettsemias of approximately 0.0001% infected erythrocytes were observed in all three deer using a DNA probe; low rickettsemias (maximum 0.01%) persisted through 56, 63, and 87 DPI, respectively. One deer had a recrudescent infection from 126 to 146 DPI (maximum rickettsemia 0.001%). We believe that white-tailed deer in the southeastern United States, even though susceptible to A. marginale infection, are not exposed naturally, even at enzootic sites. Furthermore, white-tailed deer did not develop rickettsemias sufficient to support mechanical transmission by biting flies, which is believed to be the primary means of anaplasmosis transmission in this region.</description><subject>ANAPLASMA</subject><subject>Anaplasma - genetics</subject><subject>Anaplasma - immunology</subject><subject>ANAPLASMA MARGINALE</subject><subject>ANAPLASMOSE</subject><subject>ANAPLASMOSIS</subject><subject>Anaplasmosis - complications</subject><subject>Anaplasmosis - epidemiology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antibodies, Bacterial - blood</subject><subject>Bacteremia - complications</subject><subject>Bacteremia - epidemiology</subject><subject>Bacteremia - veterinary</subject><subject>Binomial Distribution</subject><subject>Confidence Intervals</subject><subject>Deer</subject><subject>DISEASE VECTORS</subject><subject>DNA Probes</subject><subject>DNA, Bacterial - analysis</subject><subject>ENCUESTAS</subject><subject>ENQUETE</subject><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGIA</subject><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGIE</subject><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject><subject>ESTADOS DEL SUDESTE (EUA)</subject><subject>ETATS DU SUD EST (EU)</subject><subject>experimental infection</subject><subject>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary</subject><subject>HOSTS</subject><subject>HOTE</subject><subject>HUESPEDES</subject><subject>IMMUNOLOGIE</subject><subject>IMMUNOLOGY</subject><subject>INMUNOLOGIA</subject><subject>ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Puerto Rico - epidemiology</subject><subject>RESERVOIR HOSTS</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Rickettsia Infections - complications</subject><subject>Rickettsia Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>Rickettsia Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Seroepidemiologic Studies</subject><subject>SEROLOGICAL SURVEYS</subject><subject>serology</subject><subject>SOUTH EASTERN STATES (USA)</subject><subject>Southeastern United States - epidemiology</subject><subject>survey</subject><subject>SURVEYS</subject><subject>VECTEUR DE MALADIE</subject><subject>VECTORES</subject><subject>VECTORS</subject><subject>white-tailed deer</subject><issn>0090-3558</issn><issn>1943-3700</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUFvmzAUx61pU5d2-wKVJnHZbmQ2xtgcrcZtkChUsaNpu1gGTMtESocbRf32NSOreutOz9b_936y3wPgHMElJSz9DmEKQ0wICzFa4iWm7B1YoDTGIaYQvgeLF-AjOHXuN4QR8ZcTcMJIGuEELsCeFwGXUkh5LQoVlJeBWotgU-ZiOv9YZ0qEime5WAUrITZBVvwFxE32qyxVVubl1c-J5AW_ybm8LmUm_0Gy3PrCpRKbItgWXrUKpOJKyE_gQ2t6Zz8f6xnYXgp1sQ69LrvgeVjFjDyGhKIqqg1uDbNV05jYQJzSCDZNAmlCUQqhjeKmoqauaUub6dcVjYlhrKkbRPEZ-DZ7H8bhz966R73rXG373tzbYe80pYxSRPCbIEoYTlCKPBjNYD0Ozo221Q9jtzPjk0ZQT0vR08z1NHONkcbaL8U3fTna99XONi8txy34_Ouc33W3d4dutNrtTN97OtKHw-GV53zmWjNoczt2Tm9l6gURmkI4h1U3DPf2f971DIB1oOk</recordid><startdate>19950701</startdate><enddate>19950701</enddate><creator>Keel, M. Kevin</creator><creator>Goff, Will L.</creator><creator>Davidson, William R.</creator><general>Wildlife Disease Association</general><general>Wildlife Dis Assoc</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19950701</creationdate><title>AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN THE EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ANAPLASMOSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES</title><author>Keel, M. Kevin ; Goff, Will L. ; Davidson, William R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b485t-571b2ca3fa8ebdda4a039720dd607671900e24db7acc7f7d3700b745a88dcd173</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>ANAPLASMA</topic><topic>Anaplasma - genetics</topic><topic>Anaplasma - immunology</topic><topic>ANAPLASMA MARGINALE</topic><topic>ANAPLASMOSE</topic><topic>ANAPLASMOSIS</topic><topic>Anaplasmosis - complications</topic><topic>Anaplasmosis - epidemiology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antibodies, Bacterial - blood</topic><topic>Bacteremia - complications</topic><topic>Bacteremia - epidemiology</topic><topic>Bacteremia - veterinary</topic><topic>Binomial Distribution</topic><topic>Confidence Intervals</topic><topic>Deer</topic><topic>DISEASE VECTORS</topic><topic>DNA Probes</topic><topic>DNA, Bacterial - analysis</topic><topic>ENCUESTAS</topic><topic>ENQUETE</topic><topic>EPIDEMIOLOGIA</topic><topic>EPIDEMIOLOGIE</topic><topic>EPIDEMIOLOGY</topic><topic>ESTADOS DEL SUDESTE (EUA)</topic><topic>ETATS DU SUD EST (EU)</topic><topic>experimental infection</topic><topic>Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary</topic><topic>HOSTS</topic><topic>HOTE</topic><topic>HUESPEDES</topic><topic>IMMUNOLOGIE</topic><topic>IMMUNOLOGY</topic><topic>INMUNOLOGIA</topic><topic>ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Puerto Rico - epidemiology</topic><topic>RESERVOIR HOSTS</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Rickettsia Infections - complications</topic><topic>Rickettsia Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>Rickettsia Infections - veterinary</topic><topic>Seroepidemiologic Studies</topic><topic>SEROLOGICAL SURVEYS</topic><topic>serology</topic><topic>SOUTH EASTERN STATES (USA)</topic><topic>Southeastern United States - epidemiology</topic><topic>survey</topic><topic>SURVEYS</topic><topic>VECTEUR DE MALADIE</topic><topic>VECTORES</topic><topic>VECTORS</topic><topic>white-tailed deer</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Keel, M. Kevin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goff, Will L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Davidson, William R.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of wildlife diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Keel, M. Kevin</au><au>Goff, Will L.</au><au>Davidson, William R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN THE EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ANAPLASMOSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES</atitle><jtitle>Journal of wildlife diseases</jtitle><addtitle>J Wildl Dis</addtitle><date>1995-07-01</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>378</spage><epage>385</epage><pages>378-385</pages><issn>0090-3558</issn><eissn>1943-3700</eissn><abstract>The role of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the epizootiology of anaplasmosis in the southeastern United States was examined through retrospective and prospective serosurveys and by experimental infection studies. No serum antibody reactive to Anaplasma marginale was detected with an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) assay from any of 1,376 free-ranging deer sampled from 1968 through 1990 from 13 states and Puerto Rico. Thirty-one additional deer from three bovine anaplasmosis enzootic premises also were negative by IFA and Giemsa-stained blood films. Three captive deer given A. marginale intravenously developed antibodies 38 to 41 days post-inoculation (DPI) and remained seropositive for the duration of the study (161 to 287 DPI). At 42 DPI, rickettsemias of approximately 0.0001% infected erythrocytes were observed in all three deer using a DNA probe; low rickettsemias (maximum 0.01%) persisted through 56, 63, and 87 DPI, respectively. One deer had a recrudescent infection from 126 to 146 DPI (maximum rickettsemia 0.001%). We believe that white-tailed deer in the southeastern United States, even though susceptible to A. marginale infection, are not exposed naturally, even at enzootic sites. Furthermore, white-tailed deer did not develop rickettsemias sufficient to support mechanical transmission by biting flies, which is believed to be the primary means of anaplasmosis transmission in this region.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Wildlife Disease Association</pub><pmid>8592360</pmid><doi>10.7589/0090-3558-31.3.378</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0090-3558 |
| ispartof | Journal of wildlife diseases, 1995-07, Vol.31 (3), p.378-385 |
| issn | 0090-3558 1943-3700 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_77877153 |
| source | MEDLINE; BioOne Open Access Titles; Allen Press Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals |
| subjects | ANAPLASMA Anaplasma - genetics Anaplasma - immunology ANAPLASMA MARGINALE ANAPLASMOSE ANAPLASMOSIS Anaplasmosis - complications Anaplasmosis - epidemiology Animals Antibodies, Bacterial - blood Bacteremia - complications Bacteremia - epidemiology Bacteremia - veterinary Binomial Distribution Confidence Intervals Deer DISEASE VECTORS DNA Probes DNA, Bacterial - analysis ENCUESTAS ENQUETE EPIDEMIOLOGIA EPIDEMIOLOGIE EPIDEMIOLOGY ESTADOS DEL SUDESTE (EUA) ETATS DU SUD EST (EU) experimental infection Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect - veterinary HOSTS HOTE HUESPEDES IMMUNOLOGIE IMMUNOLOGY INMUNOLOGIA ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS Prevalence Prospective Studies Puerto Rico - epidemiology RESERVOIR HOSTS Retrospective Studies Rickettsia Infections - complications Rickettsia Infections - epidemiology Rickettsia Infections - veterinary Seroepidemiologic Studies SEROLOGICAL SURVEYS serology SOUTH EASTERN STATES (USA) Southeastern United States - epidemiology survey SURVEYS VECTEUR DE MALADIE VECTORES VECTORS white-tailed deer |
| title | AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF WHITE-TAILED DEER IN THE EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF ANAPLASMOSIS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES |
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