Effects of physiologic waveform variability in triggered MR imaging: Theoretical analysis

One of the assumptions inherent in most forms of triggered magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is that the pulsatile waveform (be it cardiac, respiratory, or some other) is purely periodic. In reality, the periodicity condition is rarely met. Physiologic waveform variability may lead to image artifacts...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of magnetic resonance imaging 1994-11, Vol.4 (6), p.853-867
Hauptverfasser: Lauzon, M. Louis, Holdsworth, David W., Frayne, Richard, Rutt, Brian K.
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container_end_page 867
container_issue 6
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container_title Journal of magnetic resonance imaging
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creator Lauzon, M. Louis
Holdsworth, David W.
Frayne, Richard
Rutt, Brian K.
description One of the assumptions inherent in most forms of triggered magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is that the pulsatile waveform (be it cardiac, respiratory, or some other) is purely periodic. In reality, the periodicity condition is rarely met. Physiologic waveform variability may lead to image artifacts and errors in velocity or volume flow rate estimates. The authors analyze the effects of physiologic waveform variability in triggered MR imaging. They propose that this variability be treated as a modulation of the underlying motion waveform. This report concentrates on amplitude modulation of the velocity waveform, which results in amplitude and phase modulation of the transverse magnetization. Established Fourier and modulation theory and the recently described principles of (k, t)‐space were used to derive the appearance of physiologic waveform variability artifacts in triggered MR images and to predict errors in time‐averaged and instantaneous velocity estimates that may result from such motion effects, including effects such as ghost overlap. Simulations and experimental results are provided to confirm the theory.
doi_str_mv 10.1002/jmri.1880040618
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subjects 12944
Algorithms
Blood
Blood Flow Velocity - physiology
Blood Volume - physiology
Blood, flow dynamics, 9, 12944
Carotid Arteries - physiology
Computer Simulation
Flow artifacts
flow dynamics
Forecasting
Fourier Analysis
Hemorheology
Humans
Image Enhancement - methods
Image processing
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Magnetics
mathematical
Model, mathematical
Models, Cardiovascular
Models, Structural
Models, Theoretical
Periodicity
Phase imaging
Pulsatile Flow - physiology
Regional Blood Flow - physiology
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
Vascular imaging
Velocity studies
title Effects of physiologic waveform variability in triggered MR imaging: Theoretical analysis
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