Relative contributions of pituitary -Adrenal hormones to the ontogeny of behavioral inhibition in the rat
Recent investigations revealed that adrenalectomized (ADX) rat pups exhibit deficits in behavioral inhibition. Furthermore, administration of exogenous corticosterone (CORT) restores behavioral inhibition in ADX pups. Although these studies suggest that CORT has an important role in the development...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Physiology & behavior 1995-04, Vol.57 (4), p.711-716 |
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| creator | Takahashi, Lorey K. Kim, Hyon |
| description | Recent investigations revealed that adrenalectomized (ADX) rat pups exhibit deficits in behavioral inhibition. Furthermore, administration of exogenous corticosterone (CORT) restores behavioral inhibition in ADX pups. Although these studies suggest that CORT has an important role in the development of behavioral inhibition, the relative behavioral effects of elevated pituitary hormone secretion induced by ADX are not known. Therefore, experiments were conducted to assess the potential behavioral effects of elevated adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion induced by ADX and to further evaluate the contribution of endogenous CORT to the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 1., we verified that 10-day-old ADX rats exhibit high levels of plasma ACTH throughout the preweaning period associated with the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 2, 10-day-old pups were hypophysectomized (HYPOX) and ADX and were compared behaviorally to sham-operated controls on day 14. When tested in the presence of an anesthetized unfamiliar adult male rat, HYPOX + ADX pups exhibited low levels of freezing accompanied by ultrasonic vocalizations. These pups also had reduced concentrations of plasma ACTH and CORT. In Experiment 3, 10-day-old pups were HYPOX and tested for behavioral inhibition on day 14. In comparison to sham-operated controls, HYPOX rats exhibited significantly lower levels of freezing and had reduced plasma concentrations of ACTH and CORT. Results demonstrate clearly that deficits in freezing occur even in the presence of low plasma ACTH concentrations. Therefore, elevated secretion of pituitary hormones is not a major factor that contributes to the ADX-induced deficits in behavioral inhibition. In addition, results considerably strengthen the contention that endogenous adrenal steroids have a prominent role in the development of neural pathways regulating the expression of behavioral inhibition. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/0031-9384(94)00324-6 |
| format | Article |
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Furthermore, administration of exogenous corticosterone (CORT) restores behavioral inhibition in ADX pups. Although these studies suggest that CORT has an important role in the development of behavioral inhibition, the relative behavioral effects of elevated pituitary hormone secretion induced by ADX are not known. Therefore, experiments were conducted to assess the potential behavioral effects of elevated adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion induced by ADX and to further evaluate the contribution of endogenous CORT to the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 1., we verified that 10-day-old ADX rats exhibit high levels of plasma ACTH throughout the preweaning period associated with the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 2, 10-day-old pups were hypophysectomized (HYPOX) and ADX and were compared behaviorally to sham-operated controls on day 14. When tested in the presence of an anesthetized unfamiliar adult male rat, HYPOX + ADX pups exhibited low levels of freezing accompanied by ultrasonic vocalizations. These pups also had reduced concentrations of plasma ACTH and CORT. In Experiment 3, 10-day-old pups were HYPOX and tested for behavioral inhibition on day 14. In comparison to sham-operated controls, HYPOX rats exhibited significantly lower levels of freezing and had reduced plasma concentrations of ACTH and CORT. Results demonstrate clearly that deficits in freezing occur even in the presence of low plasma ACTH concentrations. Therefore, elevated secretion of pituitary hormones is not a major factor that contributes to the ADX-induced deficits in behavioral inhibition. In addition, results considerably strengthen the contention that endogenous adrenal steroids have a prominent role in the development of neural pathways regulating the expression of behavioral inhibition.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0031-9384</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-507X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)00324-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 7777608</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cambridge: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>ACTH ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones - physiology ; Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - administration & dosage ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - blood ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology ; Aging - psychology ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal - drug effects ; Behavioral inhibition ; Behavioral psychophysiology ; Biological and medical sciences ; Corticosterone ; Female ; Freezing ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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Furthermore, administration of exogenous corticosterone (CORT) restores behavioral inhibition in ADX pups. Although these studies suggest that CORT has an important role in the development of behavioral inhibition, the relative behavioral effects of elevated pituitary hormone secretion induced by ADX are not known. Therefore, experiments were conducted to assess the potential behavioral effects of elevated adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion induced by ADX and to further evaluate the contribution of endogenous CORT to the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 1., we verified that 10-day-old ADX rats exhibit high levels of plasma ACTH throughout the preweaning period associated with the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 2, 10-day-old pups were hypophysectomized (HYPOX) and ADX and were compared behaviorally to sham-operated controls on day 14. When tested in the presence of an anesthetized unfamiliar adult male rat, HYPOX + ADX pups exhibited low levels of freezing accompanied by ultrasonic vocalizations. These pups also had reduced concentrations of plasma ACTH and CORT. In Experiment 3, 10-day-old pups were HYPOX and tested for behavioral inhibition on day 14. In comparison to sham-operated controls, HYPOX rats exhibited significantly lower levels of freezing and had reduced plasma concentrations of ACTH and CORT. Results demonstrate clearly that deficits in freezing occur even in the presence of low plasma ACTH concentrations. Therefore, elevated secretion of pituitary hormones is not a major factor that contributes to the ADX-induced deficits in behavioral inhibition. In addition, results considerably strengthen the contention that endogenous adrenal steroids have a prominent role in the development of neural pathways regulating the expression of behavioral inhibition.</description><subject>ACTH</subject><subject>Adrenal Cortex Hormones - physiology</subject><subject>Adrenalectomy</subject><subject>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - blood</subject><subject>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology</subject><subject>Aging - psychology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Behavior, Animal - drug effects</subject><subject>Behavioral inhibition</subject><subject>Behavioral psychophysiology</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Corticosterone</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Freezing</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Hormones and behavior</subject><subject>Hypophysectomy</subject><subject>Pituitary Hormones - physiology</subject><subject>Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology</subject><subject>Preweanling rats</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</subject><subject>Psychology. Psychophysiology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Ultrasonic vocalizations</subject><subject>Vocalization, Animal - drug effects</subject><issn>0031-9384</issn><issn>1873-507X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU-LFDEQxYMo6-zqN1Dog8h6aE260knnIiyL_2BBEAVvIUlXO5GeZEzSA_vtTe8Mc9S6JEX93qN4RcgLRt8yysQ7SoG1CgZ-rfib2nS8FY_Ihg0S2p7Kn4_J5ow8JZc5_6a1gMMFuZC1BB02xH_D2RR_wMbFUJK3S_Ex5CZOzd6XxReT7pv2ZkwYzNxsY9rFgLkpsSlbbKok_sJwv-IWt-bgY6qYD1tv_WpUvw9gMuUZeTKZOePz03tFfnz88P32c3v39dOX25u71nEmSzsy56A31ILEntuOWmUFByHA0nEQ1kjeKaccDL21gAoEKqMEsqkXzPQdXJHXR999in8WzEXvfHY4zyZgXLKWEpgEUP8FmZAd7RivID-CLsWcE056n_yuBqMZ1esp9JqzXnPWiuuHU2hRZS9P_ovd4XgWnbKv81enucnOzFMywfl8xoCLrqPrmu-PGNbQDh6Tzs5jcDj6hK7oMfp_7_EXInylkw</recordid><startdate>19950401</startdate><enddate>19950401</enddate><creator>Takahashi, Lorey K.</creator><creator>Kim, Hyon</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19950401</creationdate><title>Relative contributions of pituitary -Adrenal hormones to the ontogeny of behavioral inhibition in the rat</title><author>Takahashi, Lorey K. ; Kim, Hyon</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c417t-d1cc35a0b37e54b20b9b643663b0d86ba7429c9c385bb3e936e9a96e1f561a523</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>ACTH</topic><topic>Adrenal Cortex Hormones - physiology</topic><topic>Adrenalectomy</topic><topic>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - blood</topic><topic>Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology</topic><topic>Aging - psychology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Behavior, Animal - drug effects</topic><topic>Behavioral inhibition</topic><topic>Behavioral psychophysiology</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Corticosterone</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Freezing</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Hormones and behavior</topic><topic>Hypophysectomy</topic><topic>Pituitary Hormones - physiology</topic><topic>Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology</topic><topic>Preweanling rats</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry</topic><topic>Psychology. Psychophysiology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Ultrasonic vocalizations</topic><topic>Vocalization, Animal - drug effects</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Takahashi, Lorey K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hyon</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Physiology & behavior</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Takahashi, Lorey K.</au><au>Kim, Hyon</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Relative contributions of pituitary -Adrenal hormones to the ontogeny of behavioral inhibition in the rat</atitle><jtitle>Physiology & behavior</jtitle><addtitle>Physiol Behav</addtitle><date>1995-04-01</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>57</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>711</spage><epage>716</epage><pages>711-716</pages><issn>0031-9384</issn><eissn>1873-507X</eissn><abstract>Recent investigations revealed that adrenalectomized (ADX) rat pups exhibit deficits in behavioral inhibition. Furthermore, administration of exogenous corticosterone (CORT) restores behavioral inhibition in ADX pups. Although these studies suggest that CORT has an important role in the development of behavioral inhibition, the relative behavioral effects of elevated pituitary hormone secretion induced by ADX are not known. Therefore, experiments were conducted to assess the potential behavioral effects of elevated adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion induced by ADX and to further evaluate the contribution of endogenous CORT to the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 1., we verified that 10-day-old ADX rats exhibit high levels of plasma ACTH throughout the preweaning period associated with the development of behavioral inhibition. In Experiment 2, 10-day-old pups were hypophysectomized (HYPOX) and ADX and were compared behaviorally to sham-operated controls on day 14. When tested in the presence of an anesthetized unfamiliar adult male rat, HYPOX + ADX pups exhibited low levels of freezing accompanied by ultrasonic vocalizations. These pups also had reduced concentrations of plasma ACTH and CORT. In Experiment 3, 10-day-old pups were HYPOX and tested for behavioral inhibition on day 14. In comparison to sham-operated controls, HYPOX rats exhibited significantly lower levels of freezing and had reduced plasma concentrations of ACTH and CORT. Results demonstrate clearly that deficits in freezing occur even in the presence of low plasma ACTH concentrations. Therefore, elevated secretion of pituitary hormones is not a major factor that contributes to the ADX-induced deficits in behavioral inhibition. In addition, results considerably strengthen the contention that endogenous adrenal steroids have a prominent role in the development of neural pathways regulating the expression of behavioral inhibition.</abstract><cop>Cambridge</cop><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>7777608</pmid><doi>10.1016/0031-9384(94)00324-6</doi><tpages>6</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | ACTH Adrenal Cortex Hormones - physiology Adrenalectomy Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - administration & dosage Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - blood Adrenocorticotropic Hormone - pharmacology Aging - psychology Animals Behavior, Animal - drug effects Behavioral inhibition Behavioral psychophysiology Biological and medical sciences Corticosterone Female Freezing Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hormones and behavior Hypophysectomy Pituitary Hormones - physiology Pituitary-Adrenal System - physiology Preweanling rats Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Ultrasonic vocalizations Vocalization, Animal - drug effects |
| title | Relative contributions of pituitary -Adrenal hormones to the ontogeny of behavioral inhibition in the rat |
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