Exercise training improves left ventricular diastolic filling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy : clinical and prognostic implications
Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) often have left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction that can precede the development of systolic dysfunction. Recent reports showed that exercise training (ET) improves the exercise capacity of these patients. Although this improvement is primarily due t...
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| description | Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) often have left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction that can precede the development of systolic dysfunction. Recent reports showed that exercise training (ET) improves the exercise capacity of these patients. Although this improvement is primarily due to peripheral adaptations, the contribution of LV diastolic filling has not been well defined. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ET can induce changes in LV diastolic filling that can account for an increase in exercise capacity and whether these changes can influence prognosis.
We prospectively studied 55 consecutive patients (mean age, 55 +/- 7 years) with DCM. Patients were randomized into a training group (36 patients) or a control untrained group (19 patients) and matched for clinical and functional characteristics. All patients underwent a pulsed Doppler echocardiographic study, a radionuclide angiographic study, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test before and after a 2-month ET program. On the basis of the Doppler LV diastolic filling pattern at the beginning of the study, patients were prospectively divided into three subgroups: A (restrictive pattern), B ("normal" pattern), and C (abnormal relaxation pattern). In the trained group, peak VO2 (+12%; P < .0001), peak workload (+8.5%; P < .005), and lactic acidosis threshold (+12%; P < .0001) were significantly increased after training without changes in LV ejection fraction. However, only subgroup C demonstrated significant improvement in peak VO2 (+15%; P < .005). No changes were observed in the untrained group. In the trained subgroups a significant increase in rapid filling fraction (RFF), peak filling rate (PFR), peak early filling velocity (E), and E/A ratio was noted. A significant decrease in atrial filling fraction (AFF), peak atrial filling velocity (A), deceleration time of early filling velocity (EDT), and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was observed only in subgroup C. No changes were found in untrained subgroups. A good correlation was found between Doppler and radionuclide LV diastolic filling parameters before and after training (P < .0001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that pretraining E/A ratio (P < .0001) and peak heart rate (P < .0002) were positive predictors of pretraining peak VO2. Posttraining increase in exercise tolerance (P < .0001) and increase in E/A ratio (P < .0001) were the strongest predictors of an increase in peak VO2. The independent |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1161/01.CIR.91.11.2775 |
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We prospectively studied 55 consecutive patients (mean age, 55 +/- 7 years) with DCM. Patients were randomized into a training group (36 patients) or a control untrained group (19 patients) and matched for clinical and functional characteristics. All patients underwent a pulsed Doppler echocardiographic study, a radionuclide angiographic study, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test before and after a 2-month ET program. On the basis of the Doppler LV diastolic filling pattern at the beginning of the study, patients were prospectively divided into three subgroups: A (restrictive pattern), B ("normal" pattern), and C (abnormal relaxation pattern). In the trained group, peak VO2 (+12%; P < .0001), peak workload (+8.5%; P < .005), and lactic acidosis threshold (+12%; P < .0001) were significantly increased after training without changes in LV ejection fraction. However, only subgroup C demonstrated significant improvement in peak VO2 (+15%; P < .005). No changes were observed in the untrained group. In the trained subgroups a significant increase in rapid filling fraction (RFF), peak filling rate (PFR), peak early filling velocity (E), and E/A ratio was noted. A significant decrease in atrial filling fraction (AFF), peak atrial filling velocity (A), deceleration time of early filling velocity (EDT), and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was observed only in subgroup C. No changes were found in untrained subgroups. A good correlation was found between Doppler and radionuclide LV diastolic filling parameters before and after training (P < .0001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that pretraining E/A ratio (P < .0001) and peak heart rate (P < .0002) were positive predictors of pretraining peak VO2. Posttraining increase in exercise tolerance (P < .0001) and increase in E/A ratio (P < .0001) were the strongest predictors of an increase in peak VO2. The independent predictors of cardiac events were a greater RFF and a shorter IVRT and EDT. Stepwise logistic regression showed that Doppler LV diastolic filling patterns are independent predictors of overall cardiac events (P = .02), and restrictive pattern has a worse prognosis compared with B (P = .04) and C (P = .007). However, ET did not reach statistical significance (P = .54) as a predictor of cardiac events.
These data demonstrate that ET induces significant improvement in exercise capacity only in patients with DCM and a pattern of abnormal LV relaxation. The improvement in peak VO2 is significantly correlated with an increase in peak early filling rate and peak filling rate as well as a decrease in atrial filling rate. Doppler echocardiography may be a valuable tool in the prognostic assessment of patients with DCM who will benefit from exercise training.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0009-7322</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1524-4539</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.91.11.2775</identifier><identifier>PMID: 7758184</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CIRCAZ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</publisher><subject>Biological and medical sciences ; Blood Flow Velocity - physiology ; Cardiology. Vascular system ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - diagnosis ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - physiopathology ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - rehabilitation ; Coronary Circulation - physiology ; Diastole - physiology ; Disease-Free Survival ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Therapy ; Exercise Tolerance - physiology ; Female ; Gated Blood-Pool Imaging ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve - diagnostic imaging ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology ; Ventricular Function, Left - physiology</subject><ispartof>Circulation (New York, N.Y.), 1995-06, Vol.91 (11), p.2775-2784</ispartof><rights>1995 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Heart Association, Inc. Jun 1, 1995</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c346t-8766cdd954f32df527339e1527ddcf7761e38f55c7e2b13bc4d9556150067f0b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>309,310,314,780,784,789,790,3687,23930,23931,25140,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3560760$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7758184$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>BELARDINELLI, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GEORGIOU, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CIANCI, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BERMAN, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GINZTON, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PURCARO, A</creatorcontrib><title>Exercise training improves left ventricular diastolic filling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy : clinical and prognostic implications</title><title>Circulation (New York, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Circulation</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) often have left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction that can precede the development of systolic dysfunction. Recent reports showed that exercise training (ET) improves the exercise capacity of these patients. Although this improvement is primarily due to peripheral adaptations, the contribution of LV diastolic filling has not been well defined. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ET can induce changes in LV diastolic filling that can account for an increase in exercise capacity and whether these changes can influence prognosis.
We prospectively studied 55 consecutive patients (mean age, 55 +/- 7 years) with DCM. Patients were randomized into a training group (36 patients) or a control untrained group (19 patients) and matched for clinical and functional characteristics. All patients underwent a pulsed Doppler echocardiographic study, a radionuclide angiographic study, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test before and after a 2-month ET program. On the basis of the Doppler LV diastolic filling pattern at the beginning of the study, patients were prospectively divided into three subgroups: A (restrictive pattern), B ("normal" pattern), and C (abnormal relaxation pattern). In the trained group, peak VO2 (+12%; P < .0001), peak workload (+8.5%; P < .005), and lactic acidosis threshold (+12%; P < .0001) were significantly increased after training without changes in LV ejection fraction. However, only subgroup C demonstrated significant improvement in peak VO2 (+15%; P < .005). No changes were observed in the untrained group. In the trained subgroups a significant increase in rapid filling fraction (RFF), peak filling rate (PFR), peak early filling velocity (E), and E/A ratio was noted. A significant decrease in atrial filling fraction (AFF), peak atrial filling velocity (A), deceleration time of early filling velocity (EDT), and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was observed only in subgroup C. No changes were found in untrained subgroups. A good correlation was found between Doppler and radionuclide LV diastolic filling parameters before and after training (P < .0001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that pretraining E/A ratio (P < .0001) and peak heart rate (P < .0002) were positive predictors of pretraining peak VO2. Posttraining increase in exercise tolerance (P < .0001) and increase in E/A ratio (P < .0001) were the strongest predictors of an increase in peak VO2. The independent predictors of cardiac events were a greater RFF and a shorter IVRT and EDT. Stepwise logistic regression showed that Doppler LV diastolic filling patterns are independent predictors of overall cardiac events (P = .02), and restrictive pattern has a worse prognosis compared with B (P = .04) and C (P = .007). However, ET did not reach statistical significance (P = .54) as a predictor of cardiac events.
These data demonstrate that ET induces significant improvement in exercise capacity only in patients with DCM and a pattern of abnormal LV relaxation. The improvement in peak VO2 is significantly correlated with an increase in peak early filling rate and peak filling rate as well as a decrease in atrial filling rate. Doppler echocardiography may be a valuable tool in the prognostic assessment of patients with DCM who will benefit from exercise training.]]></description><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Blood Flow Velocity - physiology</subject><subject>Cardiology. Vascular system</subject><subject>Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - diagnosis</subject><subject>Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - physiopathology</subject><subject>Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - rehabilitation</subject><subject>Coronary Circulation - physiology</subject><subject>Diastole - physiology</subject><subject>Disease-Free Survival</subject><subject>Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed</subject><subject>Exercise Test</subject><subject>Exercise Therapy</subject><subject>Exercise Tolerance - physiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gated Blood-Pool Imaging</subject><subject>Heart</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mitral Valve - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Multivariate Analysis</subject><subject>Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies</subject><subject>Prognosis</subject><subject>Proportional Hazards Models</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis</subject><subject>Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology</subject><subject>Ventricular Function, Left - physiology</subject><issn>0009-7322</issn><issn>1524-4539</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkV1rFDEUhoNY6tr6A7wQgkjvZs3HZDLjXVlaLRQKYq9DNh9tSiZZk0x1_4M_2lO79MKr8HKe855z8iL0npI1pQP9TOh6c_V9PVGQayaleIVWVLC-6wWfXqMVIWTqJGfsDXpb6wPIgUtxjI4BHenYr9Cfi9-umFAdbkWHFNIdDvOu5EdXcXS-4UeXWglmibpgG3RtOQaDfYjxH5vwTrcATMW_QrsHJOrmLDa62JDnfYby_R5_wQb4YHTEOlkMA-5Srg2cYBoYgkdO9RQdeR2re3d4T9Dt5cWPzbfu-ubr1eb8ujO8H1o3ymEw1k6i95xZL5jkfHJwt7TWeCkH6vjohTDSsS3lW9MDKwYq4HzpyZafoLNnX9jj5-JqU3OoxsWok8tLVVKySfYjBfDjf-BDXkqC3RSjTFLJRgYQfYZMybUW59WuhFmXvaJEPcWkCFUQk5ooSPUUE_R8OBgv29nZl45DLlD_dKjrCp_mi04Q0gvGxUDkQPhflHadLw</recordid><startdate>19950601</startdate><enddate>19950601</enddate><creator>BELARDINELLI, R</creator><creator>GEORGIOU, D</creator><creator>CIANCI, G</creator><creator>BERMAN, N</creator><creator>GINZTON, L</creator><creator>PURCARO, A</creator><general>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</general><general>American Heart Association, Inc</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>U9A</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19950601</creationdate><title>Exercise training improves left ventricular diastolic filling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy : clinical and prognostic implications</title><author>BELARDINELLI, R ; GEORGIOU, D ; CIANCI, G ; BERMAN, N ; GINZTON, L ; PURCARO, A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c346t-8766cdd954f32df527339e1527ddcf7761e38f55c7e2b13bc4d9556150067f0b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Blood Flow Velocity - physiology</topic><topic>Cardiology. Vascular system</topic><topic>Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - diagnosis</topic><topic>Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - physiopathology</topic><topic>Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - rehabilitation</topic><topic>Coronary Circulation - physiology</topic><topic>Diastole - physiology</topic><topic>Disease-Free Survival</topic><topic>Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed</topic><topic>Exercise Test</topic><topic>Exercise Therapy</topic><topic>Exercise Tolerance - physiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gated Blood-Pool Imaging</topic><topic>Heart</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Mitral Valve - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Multivariate Analysis</topic><topic>Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies</topic><topic>Prognosis</topic><topic>Proportional Hazards Models</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis</topic><topic>Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology</topic><topic>Ventricular Function, Left - physiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>BELARDINELLI, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GEORGIOU, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CIANCI, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BERMAN, N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>GINZTON, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>PURCARO, A</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Circulation (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>BELARDINELLI, R</au><au>GEORGIOU, D</au><au>CIANCI, G</au><au>BERMAN, N</au><au>GINZTON, L</au><au>PURCARO, A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exercise training improves left ventricular diastolic filling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy : clinical and prognostic implications</atitle><jtitle>Circulation (New York, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Circulation</addtitle><date>1995-06-01</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>91</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2775</spage><epage>2784</epage><pages>2775-2784</pages><issn>0009-7322</issn><eissn>1524-4539</eissn><coden>CIRCAZ</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) often have left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction that can precede the development of systolic dysfunction. Recent reports showed that exercise training (ET) improves the exercise capacity of these patients. Although this improvement is primarily due to peripheral adaptations, the contribution of LV diastolic filling has not been well defined. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ET can induce changes in LV diastolic filling that can account for an increase in exercise capacity and whether these changes can influence prognosis.
We prospectively studied 55 consecutive patients (mean age, 55 +/- 7 years) with DCM. Patients were randomized into a training group (36 patients) or a control untrained group (19 patients) and matched for clinical and functional characteristics. All patients underwent a pulsed Doppler echocardiographic study, a radionuclide angiographic study, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test before and after a 2-month ET program. On the basis of the Doppler LV diastolic filling pattern at the beginning of the study, patients were prospectively divided into three subgroups: A (restrictive pattern), B ("normal" pattern), and C (abnormal relaxation pattern). In the trained group, peak VO2 (+12%; P < .0001), peak workload (+8.5%; P < .005), and lactic acidosis threshold (+12%; P < .0001) were significantly increased after training without changes in LV ejection fraction. However, only subgroup C demonstrated significant improvement in peak VO2 (+15%; P < .005). No changes were observed in the untrained group. In the trained subgroups a significant increase in rapid filling fraction (RFF), peak filling rate (PFR), peak early filling velocity (E), and E/A ratio was noted. A significant decrease in atrial filling fraction (AFF), peak atrial filling velocity (A), deceleration time of early filling velocity (EDT), and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was observed only in subgroup C. No changes were found in untrained subgroups. A good correlation was found between Doppler and radionuclide LV diastolic filling parameters before and after training (P < .0001). Multiple stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that pretraining E/A ratio (P < .0001) and peak heart rate (P < .0002) were positive predictors of pretraining peak VO2. Posttraining increase in exercise tolerance (P < .0001) and increase in E/A ratio (P < .0001) were the strongest predictors of an increase in peak VO2. The independent predictors of cardiac events were a greater RFF and a shorter IVRT and EDT. Stepwise logistic regression showed that Doppler LV diastolic filling patterns are independent predictors of overall cardiac events (P = .02), and restrictive pattern has a worse prognosis compared with B (P = .04) and C (P = .007). However, ET did not reach statistical significance (P = .54) as a predictor of cardiac events.
These data demonstrate that ET induces significant improvement in exercise capacity only in patients with DCM and a pattern of abnormal LV relaxation. The improvement in peak VO2 is significantly correlated with an increase in peak early filling rate and peak filling rate as well as a decrease in atrial filling rate. Doppler echocardiography may be a valuable tool in the prognostic assessment of patients with DCM who will benefit from exercise training.]]></abstract><cop>Hagerstown, MD</cop><pub>Lippincott Williams & Wilkins</pub><pmid>7758184</pmid><doi>10.1161/01.CIR.91.11.2775</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Biological and medical sciences Blood Flow Velocity - physiology Cardiology. Vascular system Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - diagnosis Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - physiopathology Cardiomyopathy, Dilated - rehabilitation Coronary Circulation - physiology Diastole - physiology Disease-Free Survival Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed Exercise Test Exercise Therapy Exercise Tolerance - physiology Female Gated Blood-Pool Imaging Heart Humans Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Mitral Valve - diagnostic imaging Multivariate Analysis Myocarditis. Cardiomyopathies Prognosis Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - diagnosis Ventricular Dysfunction, Left - physiopathology Ventricular Function, Left - physiology |
| title | Exercise training improves left ventricular diastolic filling in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy : clinical and prognostic implications |
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